A tarihin Kuril Islands. Kuril Islands a cikin tarihi na Rasha-Japanese dangantakar

Yankin rigingimu da a wannan zamanin. Kawai Asia-Pacific yankin yana da yawan wadannan. A mafi tsanani daga gare su - da yankin muhawara kan Kuril Islands. Rasha da kuma Japan ne babban mahalarta. A halin da ake ciki a core, wanda suna dauke da wani irin nake toshe tsakanin jihohin biyu yana da siffar dormant aman wuta. Babu wanda ya san lokacin da zai fara da "shigowa".

Da bude daga cikin Kuril Islands

The tarin tsiburai aka located a kan iyakar da ke tsakanin Tekun Okhotsk da tekun Pacific, ne Kuril Islands. Yana lullube daga game. Hokkaido a cikin Kamchatka Larabawa. A ƙasa na Kuril Islands kunshi 30 manyan yankuna na ƙasar, suka kewaye a kan dukkan bangarorin da ruwan teku da kuma teku, da kuma babban yawan kananan su.

A farko balaguro daga Turai, wanda ya kashe bakin tekun na Kuril Islands da Sakhalin - a Dutch matuƙan karkashin jagorancin MG Vries. Wannan taron ya faru a 1634. Su ba kawai sanya gano waɗannan ƙasashe, amma ya ayyana su a matsayin Dutch ƙasa.

Explorers Rasha Empire ma karatu Sakhalin da Kuril Islands:

• 1646 - bude na arewa maso yammacin tekun na Sakhalin balaguro na VD Poyarkova.
• 1697 - V. V. Atlasovu zama sane da zama daga cikin tsibiran.

A daidai wannan lokaci, a kan kudancin tsibirin na tarin tsiburai fara gudãna da Japan matuƙan. By marigayi 18th karni, shi ne lura da bayyanar da masana'antu da kuma Fishing tafiye-tafiye, da kuma kadan daga baya - kimiyya expeditions. A musamman rawa a cikin binciken nasa ne M. kuma M. Tokunai Rindzo. Kusan lokaci guda a cikin Kuril Islands Fe zo daga Faransa da kuma Ingila.

samu daga cikin tsibiran matsala

A tarihin Kuril Islands har yanzu riƙe da muhawara a kan wannan tambaya da su bude. A Japan da'awar cewa sun fara samo ƙasar a shekarar 1644. National Museum of Japan Tarihi ta dora muhimmanci kan katin a lokacin a wadda daidai zane-zane da aka amfani. A cewar su, da Rasha, mutane sun akwai kadan daga baya, a 1711. Bugu da kari, da Rasha taswirar yankin, kwanan rana 1721 shekara, shi yana nufin a matsayin "Japanese Islands". Wannan ne discoverer na waɗannan ƙasashe ya Japan.

Kuril Islands a Rasha tarihi da aka farko da aka ambata a cikin lissafin kudi daftarin aiki N. I. Kolobova Tsar Alexei daga 1646 game da siffofin na yawo IY Moskvitina. Har ila yau, data cards da kuma tarihin na da Holland, Scandinavia da kuma Jamus bayar da shawarar da 'yan asalin kasar Rasha kauyuka.

By ƙarshen 18th karni da aka hukuma da shiga da su zuwa ga Rasha ƙasar, kuma jama'ar na Kuril Islands ya samu Rasha dan kasa. A lokaci guda akwai fara da za a caje jihar haraji. Amma ba sa'an nan kuma daga baya bai shiga wani hadin Rasha-Japanese alkawari, kõ kuwa kasa da kasa yarjejeniyar cewa za gane Rasha ta dama ga wadannan tsibiran. Bayan da kudancin shi ba a karkashin iko da kuma iko da Rasha.

Kuril Islands da kuma dangantaka tsakanin Rasha da kuma Japan

A tarihin Kuril Islands farko a 1840 ta ne halin da ya karu aiki na Birtaniya, Amurka da kuma Faransa expeditions zuwa arewa maso yammacin Pacific. Wannan ne ya sa ta wani sabon fashe da Rasha ta amfani a kafa dangantakar da Japan, da diplomasiyya da kasuwanci a yanayi. Vice Admiral EV Putyatin a 1843 ya zama Mafarin da ra'ayin equipping wani sabon balaguro zuwa Japan da kuma yankunan kasar Sin. Amma shi da aka ƙi da Nicholas I.

Daga baya, a cikin 1844, ya aka goyan bayan IF Kruzenshtern. Amma shi bai samu goyon bayan da sarki. A wannan lokacin na Rasha-American kamfanin yana shan aiki matakai kafa dangantaka mai kyau tare da kasashen kasar.

A farko yarjejeniya tsakanin Japan da kuma Rasha

Matsalar da Kuril Islands aka yanke shawarar a 1855, lokacin da Japan da kuma Rasha ya sanya hannu na farko kwangila. Kafin wannan dauki quite dogon shawarwari tsari. Yana fara tare da isowa Putiatina a Shimoda a marigayi kaka 1854. Amma nan da nan da tattaunawar da aka kashe karya tsanani girgizar kasa. Isasshe tsanani wahala ya kasance cikin Crimean War kuma da goyon bayan bai wa Faransa da kuma Birtaniya shugabanni na Turks.

Babban arziki na yarjejeniya:

• da kulla huldar diplomasiyya a tsakanin kasashen biyu.
• rigakafi da kariya, kazalika da tabbatar da tsaro na dukiya da batutuwa na daya bayyana a cikin ƙasa da sauran.
• dauke da fitar da iyakar da ke tsakanin jihohi, dake kusa da tsibirin na Urup da Iturup Kuril Islands (Sakhalin m adana daga cikin ƙasa).
• bude wasu tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Rasha matuƙan, da ƙuduri na cinikayya a nan a karkashin kulawa da gida da jami'an;
• Rasha jakadan saduwa a daya daga cikin wadanda mashigai.
• bayar da dama na extraterritoriality.
• sami mafi girma Rasha-falala a kansu matsayi.

Japan ya kuma samu izni daga Rasha cinikayya a tashar jiragen ruwa na Korsakov, posted a kan ƙasa na Sakhalin shekaru 10. Yana da aka kafa ta kasar ofishin jakadancin. Wannan zame wani cinikayya da kuma al'adu da aikinsu.

The rabo daga cikin kasashen da yarjejeniyar

Wani sabon mataki, wanda ya hada da tarihin Kuril Islands - shi ne sanya hannu na Rasha-Japanese yarjejeniya a 1875. Ya samu gauraye da sake dubawa daga wakilan wadannan kasashe. Japan 'yan asalin imani da cewa gwamnati ba daidai ba ne, tun da musayar Sakhalin a kan "kananan kunya da duwatsu" (kamar yadda suke kira da Kurils). Wasu sun kawai sa a gaba da aikace-aikace na musayar daya daga kasar zuwa wani. Mafi yawansu ba su ne karkata zuwa zaton cewa jima ko daga baya akwai wani zai zo ranar da yaki ya zo da Kuril Islands. A muhawara tsakanin Rasha da kuma Japan, za su yi girma a cikin wani soja mataki, da kuma fara yakin tsakanin kasashen biyu.

Hakazalika, domin ka tantance halin da ake ciki da kuma Rasha gefe. Mafi yawa daga cikin wakilan da Amurka ji cewa dukan ƙasar da mulkin musu kamar yadda wani majagaba. Saboda haka, wata yarjejeniya a 1875 bai zama da yi da cewa da zarar kuma ga dukkan tsare gindaya tsakanin kasashen biyu. Ya kuma ba zai zama wata hanyar hana kara rikici tsakanin su.

Rasha-Japanese yaki

A tarihin Kuril Islands ci gaba, da kuma na gaba jawo wa wahalad da Rasha-Japanese dangantakar shi ne yaki. Yana da ya faru, duk da yarjejeniyar kammala tsakanin wadannan jihohi. A shekara ta 1904 aka gudanar mayaudara hari na Japan a kan ƙasa na Rasha. Wannan ya faru kafin aka sanar game da farkon tashin.

A Japan jiragen ruwa sun kai hari a Rasha jiragen ruwa da suke cikin matsanancin hanyoyi na Port-Artois. Saboda haka, shi ya sa daga mataki daga cikin mafi iko jiragen ruwa, mallakar Rasha rundujar soja masu dawaki.

A mafi muhimmanci abubuwan da suka faru na 1905:

• mafi girma a ƙasar yaƙi na Mukden a tarihi a lokacin, aka gudanar a ranar 5-24 Fabrairu da kuma ƙare a ritaya Rasha sojojin.
• Battle of Tsushima a marigayi May, lamarin da ya halaka na Rasha Baltic jiragen ruwa.

Duk da cewa cikin shakka daga events a cikin wannan yaki, hanya mafi kyau shi ne a cikin ni'imar Japan, ta tilasta tafi zuwa ga tattaunawar zaman lafiya. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiya cewa tattalin arzikin da aka sosai tikis soja events. 9 ga watan Agusta a Portsmouth ya fara wani zaman lafiya taro tsakanin mahalarta a cikin yaki.

A dalilan da shan kashi na Rasha a yaki

Duk da cewa an kammala wani yarjejeniya m wasu har ne halin da ake ciki a da suke cikin Kuril Islands shawarwari tsakanin Japan da kuma Rasha ba ta tsaya. Wannan ya sa wani gagarumin yawan zanga-zangar a birnin Tokyo, amma sakamakon da yaki kasance sosai ri ga kasar.

A cikin shakka daga wannan rikici ya ɗauki kusan cikakken halakar da Rasha Pacific jiragen ruwa, fiye da dubu 100 na sojojin da aka kashe. Har ila yau, akwai wata tasha fadada daga cikin Rasha jihar a Gabas. A sakamakon yaki su ne undisputed tabbacin yana da rauni sarauta siyasa. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin manyan sansanonin sojin na neman sauyi mataki a 1905-1907.

An muhimmin dalilin da shan kashi na Rasha a yaki na 1904-1905.

1. A gaban na diplomasiyya kadaici na Rasha Empire.
2. Cikakkar unwillingness kasar da sojojin da za su gudanar fama ayyukan a wuya yanayi.
3. M m na kasa masu ruwa da tsaki da kuma mediocre rinjaye na Rasha generals.
4. A babban matakin ci gaba da kuma shiri na soja da kuma tattalin arziki duniyoyin na Japan.

Kafin mu lokaci Kuril warware matsalar batun shi ne mafi girma da hadari. Bayan yakin duniya na biyu da kuma bai sanya hannu a kan yarjejeniya a kan ta da sakamakon. Daga wannan shawarwari Rasha mutane kamar yadda jama'ar na Kuril Islands, babu albarkacin amfani. Bugu da ƙari, wannan Jihar harkokin taimaka wa ƙarni na rashin jituwa tsakanin kasashen biyu. A wani wuri bayani na diplomasiyya batun, matsalar na Kuril Islands, shi ne mabudi ga mai kyau makwabtakar dangantakar dake tsakanin Rasha da kuma Japan.