Ainihin tattalin arziki model - wani bayyani

Tattalin arzikin model kullum wakiltar wani ci zamantakewa da huldar cinikaiya da kuma dangantaka tsakanin tattalin arziki da abokai, ya kafa a kan tushen da rinjaye siffofin dukiya da kuma hanyoyin da tsari na macroeconomic aiki. Kamar yadda tattalin arziki abokai iya yin gidaje, kamfanonin da gwamnatin.

A karshe biyu da ɗari shekaru a duniya, yafi sarrafa hudu tattalin arzikin duniya model. Waɗannan ƙungiyõyi biyu ne tsarin da rinjaye kasuwar tattalin arzikin - m tsarin jari-hujja da kuma na zamani tsarin jari-hujja, da kuma iri biyu ba kasuwar tsarin - administrative-umurninSa, kuma na gargajiya. Kuma a cikin wani da aka ba sauran tattalin arziki model emit wani iri-iri model na ci gaban tattalin arziki na yankuna da mutum ƙasashe. Wadannan ne janar kwatancin na duniya tsarin tattalin arziki.

A gargajiya tsarin

Wannan irin noma ne prevalent a underdeveloped kasashe da yakan haifar da wata low matakin da fasaha ci gaba, babban Yaduwar manual aiki da mnogoukladovuyu tattalin arzikin, wanda aka bayyana a cikin Gwamuwar daban-daban tattalin arziki siffofin. Sau da yawa kiyaye halitta-da zamantakewa siffofin samarwa da kuma rarraba. A tattalin arzikin ne muhimmiyar rawa ga kananan-sikelin samar, ya gabatar da yawa craft da kuma gonaki.

A cikin kasa da tattalin arziki, da aiki karkashin gargajiya tsarin, da rarrabẽwar irin rawa da waje babban birnin kasar. A ginin zamantakewa na al'umma a lokaci guda gaba ɗaya dogara a kan tsofaffin tushe da kuma hadisai, caste, estate - wanda ƙwarai hana bunƙasa tattalin arziki.

Gudanarwa-umurnin tsarin

Tattalin arzikin model na da irin umurni da aka soma a dukan ƙasashen da gurguzu sansanin (sama da dukan, a cikin Tarayyar Soviet), da kuma a wasu kasashen Asiya.

Rarrabe fasali na da irin wannan management hada da wadannan:

• mallakar tattalin arziki da albarkatun - jihar,
• bureaucratization da kuma jihar monopolization na tattalin arziki,
• tushen tattalin arziki aiki - tsakiyar shiryawa da tattalin arziki.
• bukatar, da wadata da kuma bukatar ƙaddara da Karkasa tsarin sashen, ba tare da kai tsaye amfani da kuma kera a kan tushen da na kowa siyasa akidar.

m capitalism

Wannan tsari ne sarrafa a cikin 18-19 ƙarni, kuma ya wakilci a kasuwar tattalin arzikin tsarin da m gasar. Tattalin arziki da aiki da aka gudanar tafin kafa, 'yan kasuwa, da kuma arzikin masu arziki, daidai da, suka kuma mallakar dukiya. Za kai-tsari na zaman babban birnin kasar a kan tushen da free kasuwanni da kuma kadan gwamnati ta tsarè wannan tsari. Mun zahiri hayar ma'aikata rasa zamantakewa kariya a taron na rashin aikin yi, tsufa, ciwo.

zamani tsarin jari hujja

By tsakiyar karni na 20th, tare da zuwan da fasahar zamani, da saurin ci gaban zamantakewa, fasaha da masana'antu Sayyed (H), hukumomin gwamnatin suna fara more rayayye shiga a cikin ci gaban kasa da tattalin arziki. Pure capitalism hankali canza kama a ci gaba na zamani da tsarin jari-hujja. A karkashin wannan tsarin, wani na kasa da tattalin arziki model, wanda ya sami takamaiman siffofin dangane da fasali na zaman jama'a, kabilanci, Gwargwadon da tarihi da yanayi. Bari mu bincika wasu daga cikinsu.

American model

• Active ƙarfafawa na kananan kasuwanci (80% na dukkan sabon jobs aka halitta da} ananan harkokin kasuwanci).
• Jihar minimally tsarè da tsari na tattalin arzikin.
• Jihar ikon mallakar da aka gabatar sosai kadan a total adadin nau'i na ikon mallakar.
• furta stratification na al'umma cikin mawadata da matalauta azuzuwan.
• rayu, rayuwa mai da kuma zamantakewa kariya ga matalauci 'yan ƙasa.

A Japan tattalin arziki model

• aiki da tasiri a kan ci gaban da jihar tattalin arzikin da m shiryawa da wannan ci gaban (shekaru biyar da tsare-tsaren kõma har ga wasu yankunan na tattalin arzikin).
• Hakkin daga talakawa da ma'aikata da kuma manajoji da kamfanonin bambanta kawai dan kadan, don haka na samun kudin shiga matakin na yawan ne fairly ko'ina;
• tattalin arzikin yana da wani zaman jama'a fuskantarwa (da al'adar rayuwa aiki, zamantakewa cinikayya, da dai sauransu).

Koriya ta Kudu model

• Jihar shiryawa, ci gaban da shekaru biyar da tsare-tsaren.
• m tsari na waje da tattalin arziki aiki domin inganta fitarwa da kuma minimizing shigo.
• Jihar iko da yi wa bankuna.

The Sin model

• Gwamuwar kasuwar da administrative-shirya tattalin arzikin .
• kiyaye free tattalin arziki zones.
• ko da samun kudin shiga matakan.
• muhimmancin iyali.
• Sin sunã mãsu hijira, to rayayye taimaka wajen bun} asa tattalin arziki.