Aircraft m "Admiral Kuznetsov". Aircraft m. The jirgin "Admiral Kuznetsov"

USS - irin jirgin, wanda ya hada da wani yawan fama da jirgin sama, kuma shi ma wakiltar manyan tasiri da karfi. A kan jirgin, akwai wani titin jiragen sama tsawon da ake bukata domin takeoff na jirgin sama, hangars, da wuraren ga zirga, tabbatarwa da kuma jirgin iko. Duk da manyan size, da jirgin sama m - sosai maneuverable jirgin da sauri isa ya amsa wa sakonni sāke wuri. Daya daga cikin wakilan wannan soja kayan aiki ne da jirgin sama m "Admiral Kuznetsov". Don ƙarin bayani a ƙasa.

makoman

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, da dako ne iri warships, abin da ya bambanta a babbar masu girma dabam. A kan jirgin akwai fiye da dozin soja jirgin sama: mayaka, kai hari da jirgin sama, jirgin ruwa mai ɗaukar man fetur da jirgin sama, anti-submarine kayan aiki, kazalika da ceto da kuma saukar ungulu gunships.

Wadannan jiragen ruwa ake amfani da kasashen da dama a gudanar da wani wajibi da sabis tare da ruwa da kan iyakoki na kowane jihar. Suna kuma yi nufin su taimaka ƙasa sojojin a cikin mamayewa na maƙiyi sojojin a yankin. Amfani da su hallaka daban-daban, maƙiyi submarines, kazalika don halakar da iska fasahar da cewa shi ne a kan ruwa, kuma a cikin jihar bakin teku sashi.

USS dole mallaka iko ikon shuka da kuma babban samar da man fetur, domin na dogon lokaci na zaune a nesa daga bakin gaci.

tarihi hanya

A farko matakai a yi na sama Cruisers aka za'ayi a Nikolayev masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa a shekarar 1982. Ya ya sha nanata canza sunanta dangane da abubuwan tarihin da. A karshe a shekara ta 1990, bayan m teku gwaji a kan jirgin akwai karshe sunansa - "Admiral na Tarayyar Soviet rundunar Kuznetsov". Kuma a shekara daga baya mãsu nauyi jirgin sama-dauke da jirgin ruwa na soja ya kan sojan ruwa armaments na Rasha. Yana da wani m hujja.

A lokacin da farkon gini a kan makamai riga ya jirgin sama dako Rasha. Kowace daga cikinsu ya aikata wani takamaiman aiki. Duk da haka, da jirgin "Admiral Kuznetsov" ya da wani gagarumin bambanci. Wancan ne, shi ya mika girman da bene. Wannan yarda da jirage zuwa gargajiya irin takeoff da saukowa.

Bayan rushewar tarayyar Soviet a farkon shekarun 1990s, da Rasha, Navy ta quite damu cewa Ukrainian hukumomi iya sa da'awar zuwa da ikon mallakar daga cikin jirgin ruwa na soja. Saboda haka, a karshen shekara ta 1991, ya aka asirce hawa zuwa birnin Severomorsk, wanda shi ne wani sabon wuri-tushen jirgin sama m "na Tarayyar Soviet jiragen ruwa Admiral Kuznetsov". Tun wannan lokacin, ya gudanar da yawa gwaje-gwaje na daban-daban iri iri. Ya kuma sabunta tare da sabon fama naúrar - serial Su-33.

A shekarar 1995, a cikin girmamawa ga 300th tunawa da zama na Rasha Navy jirgin sama m jirgin ruwa na soja "Admiral Kuznetsov" da aka sa a gaba a cikin yaƙin neman zaɓe a Bahar Rum. Wucewa da mashigar na Gibraltar, ya tsaya a Tunisiya ƙasar. A lokaci guda akwai m da American jirgin. Yana yiwuwa a aiwatar da wasu daga horo gwaje-gwaje tare. A cewar shaidu, a lokacin da wani hadin gwiwa ajiye motoci biyu da jirgin sama dako ya yi tsirfanci da takeoffs da landings na jirgin sama fasahar daga biyun da Rasha da kuma Amurka Navy. Wasu Rasha sojojin ko iya hau kan wani Amurka Air Force fasaha. Aircraft m "Admiral Kuznetsov" bai taka rawar gani ba, kuma a nan gaba darussan na Arewa jiragen ruwa, wanda umartarku ya gamsu. Amma shi ne ba tare da ta korau al'amurran. Ko'ina cikin dukan teku tafiya akwai wani m gazawar da ikon shuka, da kuma matsalolin da ci karo da sauran abin hawa tsarin. Wannan ya nuna masa shiri bai cika ba. Kuma bayan kawai wani ɗan gajeren lokaci bayan isa gida, bayan da cikakken gyara, da jirgin ruwa na soja "Admiral Kuznetsov" sake ya tafi zuwa ga na gaba tafiya. Ba tare da ya da ma'amaloli "Kursk" a 2000

A shekarar 2004, jirgin ruwa na soja "Admiral Kuznetsov" wani balaguro zuwa Arewa Atlantic, tare da tara jiragen ruwa na Arewa jiragen ruwa. Babban manufar da tafiya wani gwajin da ya tashi da saukowa daga sabon Su-25KUB. Wannan ya biyo ta yau ziyara zuwa wajibi (2005-2007 gg.). Kuma a cikin 2007, da jirgin ruwa na soja tafi wani iyo a cikin Bahar Rum, inda duk abin da ya tafi da kyau.

Hakika, fãce ga nasara Voyages a saka a jirgin jigilar ya faru da gaggawa yanayi, daga abin da ba a inshora bãbu-da-art warship a duniya:

1. A farko lamarin ya faru a marigayi 2004. A sakamakon haka, na gaba fita ya karamin hatsari a jirgin cikin jirgin ruwa na soja a lokacin da saukowa a kan bene na SU-25UTG. Amma sa'a, duk abin da ya juya daga kawai lalace saukowa kaya, da kuma jirgin ba su sha wahala gagarumin hasarori.
2. Har ila yau, wata masĩfa ta kãma wani jirgin sama jigilar kayayyaki a cikin farkon kaka na shekarar 2005 a Arewa Atlantic. Ga cikin jirgin ruwa na soja "Admiral Kuznetsov" ya sha wahala a ri hasãra. Lokacin da m na biyu Su-33 shi kadai bai guje kuma ya fāɗa a ruwa. Matukin jirgin fita riga a zurfin ruwa. Na biyu naúrar kokari na ƙungiya gudanar ya ajiye. Sunken mota, wanda dauke da sirrin da fasaha da aka yi kokarin hallaka tare da taimakon ruwa da bama-bamai. Duk da haka, shi ya kasance ba zai yiwu a yi wannan. A sabili da gaggawa halin da ake ciki da aka karya aviafinishera na USB.
3. Wadannan gaggawa ya faru a watan Janairu 2009. A lokacin da suka tsaya a Turkish tashar jiragen ruwa Akzas-Karagach sha wahala kwatsam wuta a baka bene. The ƙungiya ya iya jimre da halin da ake ciki, amma ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa da aka kashe. The m kanta bai sha wahala gagarumin lalacewa.

A ranar, da jirgin "Admiral Kuznetsov" shi ne daya daga wani nauyi na sojan ruwa da bindigogi. Its main aiki - da shan kashi na dalilai na wani takamaiman yanayi, wanda suke barazana ga jihar. Tã jirgin sama dauke da jirgin ruwa na soja "Admiral Kuznetsov" ne ya cancanci kamannuna, tare da kwatankwacinsu fama raka'a a kasashe daban-daban. Ba za ka iya burge mai ashirin babbar tsarin cewa da yardar kaina motsa a cikin ruwa kashi? A kan jirgin da m 8 yana hudu boilers da tururi turbines. Tare da su taimako, zai iya hanzarta zuwa iyakar gudun 29 kullin. A wannan kudi, shi ya ci nasara a 3800 mil a gudun 18 kullin - 8500 mil. Domin tabbatar da iko, a kalla za ka iya dauka a look at cikin jirgin sama m "Admiral Kuznetsov", wani photo na wanda aka gabatar a cikin wannan rubutu.

zane Features

Akwai da yawa ban sha'awa abubuwa. "Admiral Kuznetsov" model yana da wadannan cikas: mai santsi Take-kashe da kuma more. Shi ne m tsarin abubuwa. A aft ɓangare na jirgin akwai wani Take-kashe gangara, watau gine na jirgin ne ja ruwa. Yana da wani muhimmanci zane alama. A nan akwai kusurwa jirgin bene, yankin na 14 700 m², da kuma raya wani add-on gefen dama na jirgin ruwa. Data kasance springboard, wanda aka shirya a baka, na da zuriya kwana na 14 digiri. Its aiwatar shi ne na game da jikin jirgin sama m, wanda yana da tsawo na 7 cikas da biyu dole dandali.

shasi

Kamar yadda aka ambata riga, da jirgin sama m yana da wani ci-gaba ikon shuka. Yana hada takwas tururi boilers da turbines 4, kowanne daga abin yana da damar 50,000 lita. wani. A sakamakon haka, da tsarin shi ne iya tarwatsa wata babbar na'ura zuwa 29 kullin da aka gudanar a wannan gudun na dogon lokaci. Har ila yau ya ce ikon naúrar yana da kwantena ga ƙarin man fetur. Tare da irin wannan tsarin, da nauyi jirgin sama-dauke da jirgin ruwa na soja iya zama na lokaci mai tsawo a kan ruwa. Iyakance kewayon motsi a gudun 18 kullin ne kamar 8500 mil.

makamai

Dangane da wannan, ya dace kayan aiki ne a tsare. A makamai a jirgin cikin "Admiral Kuznetsov" jirgin sama kayan aiki gabatar da roka-launchers. Wannan shi ne wani gagarumin al'amari. Nau'i na farko ya hada da dukan Rasha fama da jirgin sama. Wannan ya hada game da 28 jirgin sama (saman soja jerin Su-33, MiG-27K, Yak-141) da kuma 24 fama jirage masu saukar ungulu.

Bugu da kari, da m abun da ke ciki ya hada da wani yawan roka launchers low, matsakaici da kuma dogon zango. Wadannan na'urori iya a kowane lokaci ka yi amfani da nufin buga da abokan gaba da kuma hana shan kashi na wani torpedo ko wani makami mai linzami. Da alama, a cikin mafi kusa gaba za su ci gaba a sakamakon cikakken zana wannan jirgin.

avionics

Shi ne kuma wani muhimmin kayan aiki. Avionics a kan jirgin sama m "Admiral Kuznetsov" ba ka damar kullum da hoto na ainihin wurin da irin wannan kayan aiki a nan kusa. Yana hada da wani "lumberjack" tsarin, Multi-aikin na'ura "Mars-Passat". Yana kuma ya hada da irin wannan na'urorin kamar yadda "Fregat-2m", wanda damar gane hari a uku-girma sarari, da kuma "magance" - domin ganewa na jirgin sama fasaha a low altitudes. Ko da jirgin yana da wasu sadarwa da kuma tsarin jirgin iko. Duk da wannan damar da mu a daidai ƙayyade da matsayi na abokan gaba da kuma magance tasiri naushe, kazalika da m lamba tare da kawayenta.

Fasaha halaye na jirgin ruwa na soja

Wannan daukan la'akari da wadannan:

• Babban m jirgin sama m "Admiral Kuznetsov" The Black Sea ne a kamfanin domin gina warships a birnin Mykolayiv.
• Developer - JSC "Neva PKB".
• A iyakar gudu daga jirgin ke 29-30 kullin. A saba dakatar - 18.
• Iyakar kewayo da mafi kyau duka motsi na 18 000 miles.
• A standalone yanayin iya aiki for game da kwanaki 45.
• 58 yana a muhallinsa na 500 tons.

ƙungiya

Hakika, don kula da jirgin sama m "Admiral Kuznetsov" ninkaya dole ne wani gagarumin yawan m ƙungiya. Ya kunshi 1960 mutane, 200 daga cikinsu - sanda. Saboda gaskiya cewa na asali yãƙi ikon wakilci Aeronautical kayan, yana da a kan jirgin 626 matukan jirgi. Daga cikin wadannan, umurnin ma'aikatan kunshi mutane 40. Har ila yau, a kan ce jirgin ne 3857 dole wurare. Wadannan sun hada da 387 bukkokin, 50 shawa da kuma 6 tablespoons, 120 warehouses.

kyautata

Ko da yake a jirgin sama m "Admiral Kuznetsov" yana da shekaru da yawa, ya tabbatar da cikakken jijjiga da kuma yin yadda ya kamata ta ayyuka, kazalika da dukan kayan aiki, shi bukatar dace da zamani kyautayuwa. Designers, kuma developers na jirgin ba zai daina akwai, da kuma a nan gaba ya shirya ya inganta wannan fadan inji, ba shi karin iko da kuma shigar da ƙarin zamani makamai.

A farko zamani zai shafi ikon shuka, kamar yadda shi ne mafi matsala wuri kuma sau da yawa take kaiwa zuwa qananan breakdowns. Yana da aka shirya don maye gurbin tukunyar jirgi da kuma injin turbin kafuwa. A wannan batun, la'akari da dama zažužžukan, cewa yake faruwa a gudanar da gas ko sauya yadernoturbinnuyu kafuwa. Saboda haka, rage yawan breakdowns, kazalika da ƙara ƙarin dauke damar da jirgin.

Wasu canje-canje zai rakumi da kuma makamai. zai yiwu kawar da "Granit" makami mai linzami tsarin a nan gaba. Sanadiyar haka, yankin zai kara jirgin sama parking sarari, kuma daidai da, yawan jiragen sama raka'a kansu. Har ila yau maye gurbinsu da m anti-aircraft matsakaici-kewayon na'urorin kuma su ne batun roka-launchers "wuƙa". Wannan yana da muhimmanci. ayyuka shirya ya maye gurbin hadaddun "Carapace-C1" for short-kewayon tsarin. A da shi da lambobin 4-6 za antiaircraft gun na'urorin. Tare da wannan duka zuwa kayyade jirgin sama m shirin kafa wani zamani tsarin na kayan lantarki. Tare da shi, nan gaba za a kula da hulda da sauran warships.

Da farko-up tsarin da aka shirya magudi jirgin sama m catapults. Tun da babu wani daya a nan gaba ba za ta yi watsi da titin jiragen sama da kuma tsalle, sa'an nan, daidai da, za su zama a kan kusurwa bene. Don tabbatar da farawa via tururi catapult dole ne a nukiliya ikon shuka. By wannan kuma neman developers. Amma idan jirgin, sunã da wata iskar gas injin turbin shuka, da tururi catapults an maye gurbinsu da electromagnetic. Wannan na'urar ba sabon a harbe-harben Shipbuilding. A yawa na kasashen waje da yan dako riga da irin wannan tsarin a da amfani. Haka kuma an ana gwada mu developers kuma ko da tare da zama na Tarayyar Soviet. Saboda haka wajibi ne a shigar da shi a daidai a cikin zane na jirgin "Admiral Kuznetsov".

Yawan jiragen sama kayan aiki zai hada MIG-29K mayakan a wani adadin na 26 guda da kuma jirage masu saukar ungulu (18 to 28 raka'a). A general, da sabunta edition na jirgin ruwa na soja "Admiral Kuznetsov" da aka shirya domin 2020. By wannan lokaci shi ana sa ran saki wani sabon ƙarni jirgin saman soja T-50, wanda, lalle, za ta zama a kan jirgin cikin jirgin.

Ko tsoratarwa su yi tunanin da yiwuwar wani sabunta Cruisers, ciki har da riga data kasance asusun!

Yau jihar na jirgin

A ranar, da nauyi jirgin sama-dauke da jirgin ruwa na soja ne a can don kare moriyar Rasha. A general, ya kai a kai jimre da ayyuka. Ya ci-gaba da makamai da kuma shi ne iya hana kusan duk wani maƙiyi mamayewa. Kuma shi ne ya fara tafiya zuwa Bahar Rum da kuma Arewa Atlantic sabunta gaban da Rasha Navy a cikin tekuna. Wadannan iri warships, jirgin ruwa na soja kamar yadda na sama suna samuwa a kan mafiya yawa daga cikin kasar dauke da makamai. Saboda haka, Rasha developers suna yin kowane kokarin domin ta zamani.

ƙarshe

Bayan karanta a sama, wanda zai iya tunanin cewa wakiltar, abin da ayyuka, kazalika da wasu kayan aikin soji yana da jirgin sama m "Admiral Kuznetsov". A general, wannan jirgin ne shakka wani karaya yaƙina na Rasha Federation sojojin.