Alexander Popov: rediyo da sauran ƙirƙirãwa. Biography Aleksandra Stepanovicha Popova

Alexander Popov, wani photo da za a yi bayani a kasa, an haife shi a lardin Perm a 1859, da shekara a kan Maris 4. Ya mutu a St. Petersburg a 1905, a ranar 31 ga watan Disamba. Popov Aleksandr Stepanovich - daya daga cikin shahararrun Rasha lantarki injiniyoyi da kuma lissafin kimiyya. Tun 1899, da shekara da ya sanya wani girmamawa lantarki injiniya, da kuma daga 1901-th - a jihar councilor.

Taqaitaccen Tarihin Popova Aleksandra Stepanovicha

Bugu da kari ga iyalinsa yana da 'ya'ya shida. A shekaru 10 Aleksandr Popov aka aika zuwa Dolmatovsky makaranta. A wannan makaranta ya mazan wa sanar da Latin. A 1871 Popov canjawa wuri zuwa Yekaterinburg addini makaranta a na uku sa, da kuma ta 1873 th sauke karatu bayan da cikakken Hakika na 1st, mafi girma category. A wannan shekara ya shiga seminary a birnin Perm. A 1877 th Alexander Popov nasarar wuce ƙofar jarrabawa to St. Petersburg University a Physics da lissafi Faculty. Shekaru na binciken for gaba da bincike ma'aikacin ba da sauki. Ya aka tilasta nemi jobs, tun albarkatun ne bai isa ba. A lokacin da ya aiki a layi daya da su nazarin samar da karshe na kimiyya views. A musamman, shi ya fara unsa tambayoyi na zamani kimiyyar lissafi da kuma lantarki aikin injiniya. A 1882 Aleksandr Popov ya sauke karatu daga kwalejin tare da wani mataki dan takarar. Sai aka tambaye shi ya ci gaba da jami'a don ya shirya wani professorship a sashen Physics. A wannan shekara ya kare rubutun "A da ka'idodin injin dinamo da magneto inji tare da m halin yanzu."

A farkon kimiyya aiki

The matasa gwani ne sosai janyo hankalin zuwa gwaji bincike a cikin filin na wutar lantarki - ya shiga aji a Mine Kronstadt farfesa lantarki injiniya, lissafi da kimiyyar lissafi. Akwai wani da-sanye take ofishin kimiyyar lissafi. A 1890 Alexander Popov aka kira su zuwa ga koya kimiyya a Technical College of Maritime Office a Kronstadt. Layi daya ga wannan, tun 1889 zuwa 1898, shekarar da ya kasance shugaban babban iko shuka a Nizhny Novgorod Fair. All kayayyakin lokaci Popov ya ba da gwaji aiki. Babban tambaya cewa ya na da hannu a cikin binciken, an da kaddarorin electromagnetic taguwar ruwa.

Ayyukan daga 1901 har zuwa 1905

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, daga 1899 th Alexander Popov ya lakabi na girmamawa lantarki injiniya da kuma memba na Rasha tehobschestva. Tun 1901, ya zama farfesa a kimiyyar lissafi a Electrotechnical Cibiyar da Sarkin sarakuna Alexander III. A wannan shekara, Popov da aka bai da wani farar hula (farar hula) daraja biyar sa - Jihar majalisar. A 1905, jim kadan kafin mutuwarsa, Popov da shawarar da Academic Council na Institute, ya kuma an zabe rector. A cikin wannan shekara da masanin kimiyyar ya samu wani dacha ba da nisa daga tashar. Udomlya. Ina da iyalinsa rayu bayan mutuwarsa. Ya mutu masanin kimiyya, kamar yadda evidenced da tarihi nassoshi, daga wani bugun jini. Tun 1921, shekarar da hukuncin SNK na RSFSR masanin kimiyya ta iyali da aka sa a kan "rayuwa taimako". Wannan shi ne taƙaitaccen tarihin Popova Aleksandra Stepanovicha.

gwaji da karatu

Menene babban rabo daga abin da yake sananne Popov Alexander Stepanovich? Da sabuwar dabara na rediyo ne a sakamakon shekaru masu yawa da bincike aikin na wani masanin kimiyya. Ya gwaje-gwajen a radiotelegrafirovaniyu likita ya ciyar da 1897 a kan Baltic rundunar jiragen ruwa. A lokacin da ya kwana a cikin Swiss masanin kimiyya mataimakansa bazata lura da cewa a lokacin da akwai kasa zumudi siginar coherer fara maida mawadãta modulated high mita alama a cikin wani low mita. A sakamakon haka, yana yiwuwa ya karɓe shi da kunne. Da wannan a zuciyarsa, Alexander Popov modified karɓar, saka da wayoyin hannu a musayar m gudun ba da sanda. A sakamakon haka, a 1901 ya samu dama na Rasha fifiko a cikin sabon irin gidan waya mai karɓar. Popov ta farko kayan aiki wani dan kadan modified samfurin ilimi saitin domin ya nuna gwaje-gwajen da na Hertz. A farkon 1895 Rasha likita zama sha'awar gwajen Lodge, wanda inganta coherer karɓar, kuma an tsara, ta hanyar abin da shi yiwuwa a sami sakonni a nesa na arba'in mita. Popov kokarin haifa da liyafar, yin naka gyara Lodge na'urar.

Features na na'ura Popov

Coherer Lodge aka gabatar a cikin wani nau'i na gilashi tube da aka cika da karfe filings, iya sharply - da dama da ɗari sau - canza su watsin ƙarƙashin rinjayar da rediyo sigina. Don kawo na'urar ta zuwa ga asali matsayi, ya zama dole domin ya girgiza kura - don haka damuwa lamba tsakanin su. A coherer Lodge aka bayar an atomatik ɗan ganga, wanda ya doke kullum a kan bututu. Popov ya gabatar atomatik baya mahada kewaye. A sakamakon haka, da gudun ba da sanda yi aiki a kan rediyo da kuma hada mai kira. A wannan gudu lokaci guda harbe-harben fil, wanda doke da bututu da sawdust. A dauke da fitar da gwaje-gwajen yin amfani da Popov ƙirƙira by Tesla a 1893 na rasa eriya mast.

Da yin amfani da na'urar

A karo na farko da na'urar Popov ya gabatar a 1895, da shekara a kan Afrilu 25, a matsayin wani ɓangare na karatu "The aboki na karfe foda zuwa lantarki oscillations." Likita da aka buga su a cikin bayanin da modified na'urar lura da undoubted amfanin, musamman ga rijista perturbations a cikin hali na yanayi da kuma ga karatu dalilai. Kimiyya bayyana da bege cewa na'urar za a iya amfani da su aika da sakonni a yankin yin amfani da mai azumi lantarki oscillations za a gano da zaran tushen na raƙuman ruwa. Daga baya (daga 1945) da ranar gabatar Popov ya zama bikin kamar yadda Radio Day. Its likita na'urar da alaka da rubutu nada br. Richard, samun haka, na'urar ganowa da yanayi electromagnetic oscillations. Daga bisani, wannan gyara da aka yi amfani da Lachinov, saita "hadari nuna alama" a kan Weather Station. Abin baƙin ciki, cikin ayyukan da Navy Sashen Isra'la hani a kan Popov. A wannan batun, lura da kauri wajibi ba ta bayyanar da bayanai, likita bai buga sabon sakamakon aikinsu, kamar yadda suka kasance a lokacin m bayanai.