Archbishop Serafim Sobolev: biography, da abubuwan al'ajabi, photo

Windy rana a cikin watan Nuwamba 1920 tashi daga Sevastopol ginshiƙin gada dokar hana fita jirgin "Khersones", shan a ƙaura daga waɗanda suka kawai jiya a makamai kokarin rama da yadawa hargitsi. Daga cikin jami'an da suke cika cunkus a kan bene, kuma rakiyar ra'ayoyi bace a cikin nesa Beach, ya mai tsayi mutum na arba'in a zuhudu garb - Bishop Serafim (Sobolev).

Shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma shekaru na nazarin nan gaba na ascetic

Haifuwa daga Saint Serafim (Sobolev) Disamba 13, 1881 a Ryazan. A tsarki baftisma ya aka mai suna Nicholas. Bayan baya samu ilimi a gida, a 1894, goma sha uku Kohl ya shiga a cikin Ryazan ruhaniya makaranta. Tun a ƙofar gwajin ya zarce ya sanin takwarorina, sufeto samu shi yiwuwa a shiga da Nicholas a lokaci daya a karo na biyu aji.

The saurayi, ƙãra da yanayi na bincike hankali da kuma juriyarsu, shi ne mai sauƙi a gare shida shekaru a cikin makaranta, to daga cikin mafiya kyau dalibai a karshen binciken da kuma a 1904 ya shiga St. Petersburg tauhidin Academy. A nan ne warai sane da cewa kawai ta nufi hanyar a rayuwa shi ne bauta wa Allah, wani matashi dalibi ya bayyana kwadayin karya da duk banza duniya da kuma zama wani m. A karshen Janairu 1908, riga bara a Academy, ya dauki zuhudu alkawuransu da sunan Serafim, girmama na saint na Allah na St. Serafim na Sarov, wanda ya nemi a ko'ina cikin yaƙin neman zaɓe, da kuma wata daya daga bisani ya aka wajabta zuwa firistoci.

A farkon aiki addini ayyuka

A watan Satumba na wannan shekara Hieromonk Serafim fuskanci mai tsaron gida na sabawa rubuce-rubucensu. Ta theme ya zaɓi rukunan ƙanƙan da kai, a cikin gabatarwa na mai tsarki ubanninsu V-XV ƙarni a kan tushen da tarin ayyukan da aka kõma sama, mai lakabin "Philokalia". Academic Council na Academy, familiarized tare da aiki na digiri na biyu, sun hada baki yarda da shi, da kuma shugaban kwamitin, Farfesa JJu Bronzov samu shi wajibi ne don yin yardar takardun rikodin cewa matakin da wannan aikin ne bayan da ikon yinsa, daga cikin master na ƙarshe.

The matasa theologian bude yiwuwa ga wani wuri da nasara aiki. Nan da nan a kan samu wani diploma Hieromonk Serafim (Sobolev) ne directed ga pedagogical aiki a Zhitomir, sa'an nan a cikin Kaluga, wanda ta kashe da ofishin na Sufeto addini makaranta. Yanzu a kowace shekara da ta zama da aiki tsani mataki a gare shi. A 1911, ya - da seminary sufeto a Kostroma, da kuma a 1912 - da rector na seminary na Voronezh. Haka kuma, shi yakan kuma Ya ƙaddara. A Voronezh, ya zama Archimandrite. Tare da koyarwa, Fr. Serafim (Sobolev), mukaddashin editan jaridun gida "diocesan Gazette".

Jobs 'yan tawayen seminary

Rector matsayi da ya gudanar har 1918, amma tuni a farkon aiki da fuskantar da farko alamun nan gaba bala'i. Sananne ne cewa daya daga cikin tuki sojojin a kan hanya kifar da nan data kasance a cikin Rasha daular mulkinsu aka dalibi jiki.

Wannan ba abin mamaki bane. Young, sauƙi amenable ga sabon, wani lokacin zahiri showy da kuma m zamantakewa ideas, dalibai sau da yawa zama plaything a hannun siyasa adventurers. Oddly isa, amma shi ne daidai amfani ba kawai ga dalibai na Soviet jami'o'i, amma kuma ga dalibai na tauhidin makarantu, shan wani aiki sashi a siyasa buga da kuma zanga-zangar.

Dalibai Voronezh seminary rector wanda ya Archimandrite Serafim (Sobolev) ba tare da togiya. Bugu da ƙari, ko da kafin nadin nasa da post na makaranta "Tsarki ya tabbata" da dukan Rasha da cewa, daliban sanya wani ƙoƙari a baya Rector da sufeto. A wasika daga Uba Serafim na daya daga cikin abokan aiki, wanda ya yarda da ikon da sababbin nada rector na, ya kira wannan seminary "naibeznadozhneyshey" da "taurin kai".

tilasta ƙaura

Bayan da Oktoba juyin juya halin da kuma farkon yakin basasa, Archimandrite Serafim, yayi murabus daga Rector ta aikinsu da kuma keta tare da haɗin gwiwar Editocin na "diocesan Gazette", ya aika zuwa kudu na Rasha. Akwai ya samu a zubar da tsarin ecclesiastical dalĩli, kafa a shekara ta 1919, da aka gudanar a Stavropol coci majalisa. Its halitta ne saboda gaskiyar cewa manyan yankunan da kudancin kasar da aka yanke daga m coci jagorancin yakin basasa fronts.

A watan Oktoba, 1920 a Simferopol, karkashin bindigogi hayaniyar da dannawa Red Army, St Archimandrite Serafim (Sobolev) da aka daukaka zuwa episcopacy. Shi ne ya karshe keɓewarsa ta a gida gona. Satumba 14, ya shiga jirgin ruwa don Konstantinoful. Hagu bayan shekara arba'in da rai ya ciyar a Rasha, gaba na jiran shekaru na ƙaura.

A wani bakon gaci

A wannan lokaci Konstantinoful zama mafaka ga mutane da yawa suka tsere daga m da kuma tausayi fushi m nasarar Bolsheviks, bar Rasha. Kasancewa a cikin wani waje kasar, ba tare da dangantaka, ba tare da sanin harshen, kuma sau da yawa ba tare da kudi, mutane da ake bukata a cikin zafi da kuma m fasto kalmomi, da ikon zuwa ta'aziyya da kuma bayar da ƙarfi ga wadanda suka bari a baya. Saboda haka na ruhaniya shugaba a cikinsu, kuma ya kasance mai Saint. Serafim (Sobolev) kanta kama a tarko a akalla a wuya matsayi.

Yanã garwaya a 1920 a kan wani kalaman na Rasha ƙaura na Konstantinoful da na gaba shekara, a hankali ta fara yada a duniya. Tare da compatriots bar gaba da Bosphorus da kuma Bishop Serafim. Hanyarsa ya gudanar a Bulgaria, inda, duk da dogon lokaci na Turkish mulki, tarihi tsoho Orthodox hadisin.

Daga cikin 'yan'uwanku ga addini

Isa a cikin bazara na 1921 a Sofia, ya samun farko saduwa da bishop Bogucharsky, kuma nan da nan ya zama mazaunin da haikalin da kuma tsohon shugaban makaranta na ofishin jakadancin na Rasha Orthodox parishes. A nan, a cikin Bulgarian babban birnin kasar, ya ci gaba da feat na bauta wa Allah, kamar yadda wazo cika wakkala a gare shi ta hanyar biyayya, kamar yadda ya yi amfani da zama a Rasha.

A 1935, nan gaba saint Serafim dagagge zuwa ga daraja da Akbishop. Shi ne a cikin thirties, ya fara m aikin theologian da kuma marubuci. A 1935, daga buga ayyukansa, a cikin abin da saint shiga cikin tauhidin muhawara tare da irin gane hukumomi na addini falsafa a matsayin Vladimir Solovyov, Florensky da Bulgakov.

Siyasa da ra'ayoyinsu na falsafa Vladyka Serafim

A watan Agusta, 1937 a All-Diaspora Church Majalisar Bogucharsky Archbishop Serafim (Sobolev) amsa tare da implacable zargi da ta sa'an nan ya da fashion na ecumenism - hadin kan akidar vsehristianskogo. Magana game da rubuce-rubucen da Church Ubanni, ya indisputably tabbatar da unacceptability na wannan koyarwa a Rasha Orthodoxy.

Bayan shekaru biyu daga buga littafin ya bayyana, da a kan abin da Serafim (Sobolev) Bishop yi aiki a 'yan shekarun nan. "Rasha akidar" - kamar yadda ya kayyade aikinsa, ajiye shi a gaban sahu na ideologists na Orthodox monarchism. A cikin littafin, ya ga autocracy, a matsayin kawai zai yiwu nau'i na gwamnati a Rasha, Allah wadai Westernist siyasa na Bitrus I da daga baya mabiyansa, da kuma kira ga Tarurrukan na Rasha daular mulkinsu.

Jawabin gigice masu sauraro

A cikin jawabinsa, Bishop Serafim ya wani lokacin sosai m. Alal misali, mutane da yawa masu karatu damuwa ƙwarai da ra'ayin kisa ga mutane da inganta basu yarda da kãfirci kaso na. Wuya a ce, kamar yadda marubucin nasaba da irin wannan ra'ayi tare da ka'idodinta Kirista sadaka, da wata gãfara.

Kewayon batutuwa shafi Archbishop Serafim ya musamman m. A cikin jaridar articles ya bai bypassed da kuma irin wannan tambaya, kamar yadda samuwa, a cikin ra'ayi, wani musu na Gregorian kalandar ecclesiastical tsarin mulkin kasa. The shawara cewa ya barke a kusa da wannan labarin, ba su daina har na dogon lokaci.

m himma

An muhimmanci, a cikin rãyuwar Bishop Serafim shi ne ya rubuta request, jawabi a watan Afrilu na shekarar 1945 a Tarayyar Soviet, sarki Alexy I. A da shi ya tashi a request ga shi zuwa Moscow Patriarchate. Ganin mashigar ruwa tsakanin wadanda shekaru shugabannin addini na aura da 'yan'uwansu a cikin Kristi, wanda ya cika pastoral aikinsu a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, za mu iya kwatanta abin da shafi tunanin mutum da karfin kudin shi da hukuncin.

A batun da irin wannan matakin zai iya warware kawai Stalin. A cikin shugabanci sunansa memo Pskov Archbishop Gregory (Chukov), wanda ya ziyarci jim kadan kafin Bulgarian coci, Bishop Serafim bayyana a matsayin wani kunkuntar shiryayye mutum, siyasa jahilci, yayin da jin dadin da ƙaunar da parishioners. Wuya da wannan alama za a iya cikakken dauke a matsayin wani haƙiƙa, ba a rubuce yake cewa ga shugaban a totalitarian jihar, kuma shi ya ce game da baƙi, cewa shi ne, da bukatunsu na cewa lokaci, cin amanar.

makõma take

Stalin, duk da haka, canza a lokacin yaki da manufofin kan Church, ya biya masa bukatarsa. A karshen watan Oktoba na shekarar 1945 a cikin hurumi na Moscow Patriarchate na bakwai Bulgarian parishes aka yarda, kuma a lokaci guda, Akbishop Serafim (Sobolev) ya koma zuwa ga kirjinsa na uwa coci. Amma babban taron da aka basu fito - a shekarar 1946, musamman gwamnatin umurnin da ya ba Soviet dan kasa.

A lokacin rani na shekara ta 1948, bayan da ashirin da takwas hutu Bishop Serafim sake shiga a Rasha gona. Ya aka kira su zuwa Moscow su shiga a cikin taro, ga abin da shugabannin da autocephalous Orthodox majami'u da aiki fitar da na kowa matsayi game da ecumenical jin zuciya da ya bayyana a lokacin da wasu hierarchs.

A mutuwa daga sãlihai, kuma ƙoƙarinsa na tasbĩhi

Archbishop Serafim tashi ga Ubangiji a kan Fabrairu 26, 1950 a Sofia, wanda ya ci gaba har mutuwa na pastoral hidima. A lokacin da rayuwar shi ne jita-jita a matsayin dattijo, baiwa da kyauta da clairvoyance, da kuma bayan Allaha addu'o'in mu'ujizai fara faruwa a gare shi. Duk da cewa muminai sun sha kira ga mafi girma ecclesiastical hukuma tambayar domin canonization, shawara da aka dakatar da na dogon lokaci. A daukakan da St. Serafim (Sobolev) da Bulgarian coci a 2002. Wannan harka an san ta, duk batutuwa na Rasha Orthodox Church kasashen waje. Duk da haka, a mahaifarsa daga Archbishop Serafim (Sobolev) aka canonized kawai bayan shekaru goma sha huɗu.

The hukuma canonization na saint na Allah - mai tsawo da kuma rikitarwa aiwatar. Shi ne bai isa jama'a bauta, kuma indisputable dalĩli. Ya kamata a rubuce da kuma m shaida cewa bai yi aiki kamar yadda son zũciyõyinsu, kuma damar iya yin komai, kuma ya kasance a kai tsaye haƙĩ na nufin Allah. Irin wannan hujja, musamman, zai iya bauta wa shaida, shaida Wonderland aikata a lokacin da rayuwar marigayin, ko sabon abu na salla a cikinta bayan mutuwa.

Shirya da canonization kuma ta karshe mataki

Tarin shaida tsunduma Archimandrite Philip (Boguchary). Ya sanya wani lãbãri a kan Internet, da kuma bayanai game da m taimako, wanda ya ba da mutanen da Bishop Serafim fara zo da shi (Sobolev). Ayyukan al'ajibai na su da aka bayyana a cikin daki-daki, rubuce, da kuma duk bayanai da aka aiko zuwa Moscow. Waɗannan su ne labaru na mutane, wanda ta hanyar addu'o'i ga Saint Serafim sami lafiya, sami sahabbansa a rayuwa da kuma sani da farin ciki na mata. Evidence mu'ujjizansa kasance haka da yawa da cewa kafin su shiru ko mafi mabiyin shakka.

Ina son kawai ba ka daya labarin wani Bulgarian baƙauye. The mace yana da dogon tunani na kanta a matsayin samun ikon fassara Mafarki, da kuma duk da nakasar zuciya cuta, ba koma ga salla taimako. Amma a kan lokaci, da jihar ta haka bad cewa bayan da mahaifiyarsa ta shawara, ta je wurin kabarin, inda karya St. Serafim (Sobolev), kuma ya nemi taimakonsa. Bayan wani lokaci ta ji inganta kiwon lafiya, da kuma ya zarar iya komawa zuwa al'ada iyali al'amura.

A shekarar 2015, Bulgaria Orthodox Church bikin shekara sittin da biyar tun da natsuwa na St Serafim. A bikin da ya faru a Sofia, fim da aka nuna a kan Bulgarian fim da rayuwarsa da kuma aiki, kuma a watan Disamba na wannan shekara da aka yanke shawarar canza wurin da batun na canonization na Archbishop Serafim ga Council of Bishops na Rasha Orthodox Church, wanda aka shirya taron duniya na watanni biyu.

Fabrairu 3, 2016 ya yanke shawara, bisa ga abin, a cikin tsarkaka tabbata shahararren addini adadi na Rasha ƙaura Archbishop Serafim (Sobolev). Icon fentin a cikin wannan muhimmin rana, ya nuna mana fuskar saint, ya gani da yawa da kuma jin a cikin rayuwarsa a duniya, da kuma gudanar da zama har mutuwar wani gaskiya dan Orthodox Church.