Auscultation - shi ne ... palpation, feat. Irfan, auscultation

Palpation, feat. Irfan, auscultation - wani jiki jarrabawa dabaru amfani da likitoci a duk faɗin duniya a kan aiwatar da ganewar asali daga cututtuka daban-daban. Wadannan hanyoyin da ake amfani a tare da biochemical da sauran iri ƙididdiga, instrumental gudanar da bincike, da fasahar amfani, akwai babban adadin. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa an haƙiƙa jarrabawa taka wata muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ganewar asali.

Auscultation - shi ne mafi m, kuma m hanya. Ana amfani da ganewar asali a tiyata, ciki magani, cutukan, ilimin aikin likita na yara. Tare da wannan hanya, listen to da bugun zuciya da tayin, ƙayyade gaban ciwon huhu, mashako, cardiac lahani kuma da yawa wasu cuta a cikin yara da manya.

Auscultation na balagaggun zuciya

Tare da sosai m, shi ne kuma mafi wuya hanya na jiki jarrabawa. Ya na bukatar cikakken kunne, gabar launi da kuma m yi, kamar yadda yana da manyan yawan nuances. Ganewar asali likita auscultation Hanyar domin sanin cututtukan zuciya da kuma huhu cuta a wani wuri mataki na ci gaba.

Sauraren zuciya ne da za'ayi a kwance ko a tsaye matsayi. Ga wasu cututtuka, halin da canji na zuciya rate bayan motsa jiki, don haka wani lokacin, domin m ganewar asali, da haƙuri da aka janye daga jihar na jiki sauran. auscultation Hanyar bukatar riko da wasu sharudda:

• isolating daga na yanayi amo.
• auscultation na zuciya ne da za'ayi a wata numfashin-riƙe (idan zai yiwu), kazalika da dabam- dabam a kan inhalation da exhalation.
• bukatar yin amfani da wani stethoscope da stethoscope for auskultirovaniya high da kuma low sautin;
• farko na dukkan ƙayyade gaban da kuma bayani dalla-dalla na sauti a daban-daban maki, sa'an nan sauraron wani physiological ko pathological amo.

zuciya feat. Irfan

Ana amfani domin sanin iyaka na jiki da kuma cardiac dullness. Kwanan nan, wannan hanya daukan mayar da wurin zama. Wasu masana gaba daya watsar da shi, saboda sakamakon feat. Irfan ba ma m, kuma suna da manyan yawan gabar. A wurin wannan hanya zo radiography da kuma duban dan tayi, wanda ba wani cikakken hoto na size da kuma matsayi na jiki.

zuciya palpation

Yadu a yi amfani da ganewar asali. Palpation na zuciya ne da za'ayi ga mafi alhẽri ayyana matsayi da kuma ƙarfi daga cikin apical turu ta latsa wani yatsa zuwa dace yankin. A wasu cututtuka halin lafiya tremors daga cikin kirji, ko "cat ta purr ciwo."

Ability don saurare da kuma ji

A zuciya ba saurare, a wani m hanya. Akwai hasashe na cardiac bawuloli a kan kirji. All hudu daga cikinsu.

1. Mitral - IV haƙarƙari a kan hagu na sternum.
2. Aortic - III baki, da dama daga cikin sternum.
3. A na huhu bawul - III intercostal sarari bar.
4. Tricuspid - IV intercostal sarari a kan dama.

Duk da haka, batu na auscultation ne dan kadan daban-daban daga kai tsaye tsinkaya, saboda sauti a wadannan wurare mafi bayyana da kuma m.

1. A koli na zuciya - mitral bawul.
2. II intercostal sarari a gefen dama na sternum - aortic.

An muhimmanci alama na tsanani cuta ne cardiac amo, wanda zai iya zama m ko auku bayan wani kaya. Dole ne mu su iya ji sosai, kuma ya ji dukan mahaukaci zuciya kari. Yana da muhimmanci a ƙayyade ba kawai sauti amma kuma halin da wurin da samuwar. Yana iya faruwa a systole da diastole.

Pathological, physiological, ko na iya zama ba kawai amo, amma kuma da aiki bulan. A ganewar asali cardiac auscultation taimaka. auscultation batu kama da wadanda aka bayyana a sama. Iya samar da III da na IV na ƙarin sautunan wanda ya bayyana a cikin yanayi daban-daban (tazarar lokaci, na farko-biyu sulusi da murabba'i systole ko diastole).

Kananan zuciya - wani babban alhakin

Yara auscultation - wannan ne mai matukar muhimmanci na ganewar asali. The yaro, musamman kananan saboda su shekaru ba zai iya bayar da rahoton game da su matsaloli. A pediatrician kamata a yi sha'awar kunne da kuma wani babban mataki na rubuce-rubuce, kamar yadda da yaron ya zuciya sautunan canza tare da girma. Iya ƙaddara da aikin ko mahaukaci noises. Yana da muhimmanci a gudanar da wani kamanta bayanin tsakanin farko da na biyu sautunan na karfi ko girmamawa. Duk wani take hakkin da shaidar da dama pathological tafiyar matakai a cikin yaro ta jiki.

Bambanci ganewar asali na zuciya cuta a cikin yara ta amfani da hanyar na auscultation

zuciya sauti	sanya girmamawa	The saukar Pathology (Physiology)
farko	A koli na zuciya	A bar atrioventricular orifice quntata
biyu	lakã	Hauhawar jini, ko physiological halayyar balaga
biyu	na huhu jijiya	Patent ductus arteriosus, stenosis, insufficiency bicuspid bawul, da interatrial aibi ko interventricular septum, na huhu jijiya sclerosis, pulmofibroz, myocarditis, congestive a cikin huhu wurare dabam dabam
A farko da na biyu	A duk maki	lafiya zuciya bayan motsa jiki (a zahiri ko Psycho-wani tunanin)

Bugu da kari ga mayar da hankali, zai iya raunana zuciya sautuna ko su tsaga. Auscultation aka ma'ana fahince idan likita ya san yadda za a saurare.

Pregnancy da auscultation

Cardiac takardar da aka aza kuma fara samun koma baya riga a cikin mako guda uku na biyu a ciki, da kuma a cikin shida da ya ji a cikin Amurka. Ganewar asali na uwa da tayin ake bukata a ko'ina cikin lokaci da kuma musamman a lokacin haihuwa. The yawa da abun ciki da aka kullum canja sautunan a rabo fetal ci gaba.

Auscultation tayin ne kamar haka mafi sauki da kuma tasiri Hanyar for kayyade ta fahimcin muhimmancin. Domin gudanar da wannan mai sauki mataki na bukatar obstetric stethoscope (hoton da ke ƙasa). Idan dole, yin amfani da stethoscope.

Yana za a iya raba dukan tsawon ciki domin da yawa lokaci (ga al'ada fetal zuciya rate, kazalika da yanayin da cikar).

Yana da ban sha'awa cewa a cikin 6th mako bayan ganewa, da zuciya rate na yaro daidai da iyaye. Bambanci iya zama fil 3 sama ko zuwa ƙasa. Bugu da ari ragi a cikin yawan fara girma. Ganin cewa zuciya rate qara kowace rana ta 3 Shots, shi ne halatta domin sanin shekaru da tayin histologically.

Zuciya da kanta bayan watanni biyu na ciki da aka raba da partitions cikin hudu da bẽnãye - da atria da ventricles. Wannan tsarin kuma yana da wani adult jiki. A farkon 9th mako na fetal zuciya aikata game da 175 lashe minti daya. Next, da mita rage-rage daga cikin biyu trimester, al'ada tayin zama 140-160 na punches. Duk wani sabawa daga shi nuna hypoxia da tachycardia characterizes farko mataki na oxygen rashi, da kuma bradycardia - wani nauyi mataki, bukata nan da nan baki.

fetal palpation

Palpable a rabi na biyu na ciki zai iya sanin ko matsayi da tayin da kuma ta mutum sassa a cikin mahaifa. Bugu da kari, m da gestational shekaru uwar a tsawo na tsaye kasa, kazalika da yaron ta kai idan aka tam guga man zuwa ƙofar a kananan kwari - Waɗannan su ne na farko harbingers haihuwa. A cutukan Leopold amfani da wata hanya wanda kunshi hudu babban matakai.

Auscultation da haihuwa

Voiceless zuciya rate iya zama wata alama Pathology da kuma na farko da wahala ji. Wannan ya faru a lokacin da juna biyu na ciki bango thickening (kiba), fetal ba daidai ba wuri (msl, a raya view na occipital ko breech) polyhydramnios da t. D. Very sau da yawa muted sautunan zuciya rate auku a wani Generic lokaci. Ganewar asali fetal jiki a wannan lokacin yana da muhimmancin gaske.

Daya daga cikin hanyoyin da jarrabawa na mace mai ciki - palpation. Ya taimaka ƙayyade wurin da tayin da ta gabatar. Amma wannan sakamakon za a iya samun lokacin da na ganewar asali fetal ci gaba da zuciya auscultation amfani. auscultation aya daga cikin halayyar. Idan bugun zuciya ne a tsare mafi fili sama da cibiya uwa, da tayin ne breech gabatar, idan shi ne kasa - kai. A yaro na iya zama hyperactive, sunã mãsu jũyãwa "daga gefe zuwa gefe," cikin dukan zamanin da ciki. Sauraren bayyana sautin a matakin da cibiya ya nuna gangara matsayi.

Auscultation a cikin ganewar asali na huhu cututtuka

Auscultation - shi ne mai Hanyar wasa na da matukar muhimmanci a cikin yin wani ganewar asali a cikin huhu cututtuka. Rarrabe daidai (ko vesicular) da kuma siffofin daban-daban na numfashi munanan. Har ila yau, wani halayyar alama da dama cututtuka ne bushe ko m rales da ciwon wasu siffofin auscultation. Auscultation batu shirya symmetrically.

Physiological canje-canje vesicular numfasawa

Idan wani mutum ne mai kyau ko, conversely, talauci ɓullo da tsoka taro, yana da hypertrophied adipose nama, wani canji a numfashi na iya zama ko dai a cikin shugabanci na weakening, kuma ta riba. Auscultation amfani da stethoscope.

Ƙarfafa vesicular numfasawa ne halayyar a yara. Wani sunansa, wanda za a iya ji a cikin likita al'umma - puerile. Akwai daya musamman alama - wannan numfashi a kan fasali sassa na dama da hagu tarnaƙi.

Ganewar asali da mashako da auscultation

Auscultation mashako za'ayi a cikin wani al'ada iri. Lokacin da sauraron halayyar da m mataki na vesicular numfashin wuya irin. A dauki zuwa kumburi da kuma takaita da Bronchial shambura. A kan backdrop na numfashi stiffness m bushe wheezing, kuma suka iya zama daban-daban a cikin sautin, kazalika da tunatar da buzzing da shẽwa. Ya dogara da girman da bronchi da kuma mataki na cikar su m. Suna da kyau ji a duka biyu bulan na numfashi.

Tare da ci gaban mashako, gamsai samarwa a cikin Airways ƙaruwa, da kuma auscultation saukar matsakaici bubbling rale.

Don sauraron huhu ne mafi kyau a lõkacin da mãsu haƙuri yana tsaye. Wajibi ne a kwatanta numfashin sauti da kuma wheezing a cikin wannan maki na dama da hagu jiki. Akwai wasu jerin sauraro - ma'ana auscultation - huhu.

Ya kamata ka fara da na fi sa'an nan duba gaban farfajiya, sa'an nan gefe da kuma raya. A protracted mashako iya shiga ƙarin amo, misali, crepitus, wanda ya nuna miƙa mulki na kumburi a cikin ƙananan Airways.

Auscultation daga cikin huhu ne da za'ayi a dama, saukarwa: a cikin saba zurfin da numfashi bayan tari. Musamman ma a daki-daki, bincika batu na auscultation, wanda su ne mafi "m" ga likita.

Ganewar asali na kullum mashako ne ma ya gina a kan auscultation data da kuma awon nazarin halittu da kayayyakin. Lokacin da sauraron huhu vesicular numfashin irin m, a gaban wani dogon m ko exhalation kamar yadda a cikin m mataki. Wani lokaci, kullum mashako tsokani ci gaban mafi tsanani cuta - emphysema. "Cotton" A wannan yanayin, ta zama numfashi. A lokacin m wheezing ake ji a ko'ina cikin huhu surface.

feat. Irfan haske

Feat. Irfan binciken iya yi a hanyoyi uku: ta kai tsaye tapping da binciken yankin, ta hanyar da farantin ko yatsa a kan yatsa. A halin yanzu, mafi m ƙarshe daya. Wannan hanya ba ya bukatar ƙarin kayan aiki a likita, da kuma a cikin jarrabawa na huhu shi ne quite m.

Feat. Irfan iya samun kamanta ko topographical fuskantarwa. Mafi mashahuri farko embodiment, wanda aka yi amfani domin gano raunuka. Su ne mai hatimi, don haka feat. Irfan sauti sama su more maras ban sha'awa fiye da na lafiya huhu nama.

Akwai da yawa inuwõwi da sautunan cirewa a lokacin da nazarin sauti. Yadda aka saba, shi ya zama m, shrill da kuma shafe tsawon. Idan akwai wani dullness, dullness na sautin, ƙarfe ya dafa, boxed ko thympanitis - shi ya nuna gaban haƙuri, ko wasu kumburi tafiyar matakai a cikin huhu, bukata likita shiga tsakani.

Auscultation a cikin ganewar asali da cututtuka na narkewa kamar fili

Sauraro da ake amfani da matsayin da hanyar da ganewar asali na wani yawan cututtuka na gastrointestinal fili. A binciken gudanar da wani likita ta amfani da wani stethoscope, ko sa masa kunne ga na ciki bango. Ta wannan hanya ne m da gaban (rashi) na hanji suna a cikin hanji ko ciki.

Auscultation aka yi a kan kamanta manufa, cewa shi ne ya sami wani isasshen hoto na sauraro ake bukata a daban-daban da maki. Kana bukatar da za su gudanar da wani binciken a shirun da kuma, idan zai yiwu, ba tare da exerting wani matsin lamba a kan ciki.

palpation na ciki

A jarrabawa na ciki daukawa mai matsakaicin informativeness palpation Hanyar. An yi laushi matsa lamba a kan ciki. Dole ne mu fara da hagu makwancin gwaiwa dumi hannayensu, saboda haka kamar yadda ba su sa rashin jin daɗi ga mãsu haƙuri. Wannan wajibi ne don ware wani reflex ciki bango tashin hankali.

Dubawa wuce tare da kamanta bincike na dama da kuma hagu rabin kasa zuwa sama. Matsa lamba a kan epigastric yankin - karshe. Tare da wannan soreness m in daban-daban gabobin na ciki bango tashin hankali, gaban ruwa a cikin ciki (shakka ciwo).

ciki feat. Irfan

feat. Irfan Hanyar domin sanin iyakoki na hanta da saifa, kamar yadda su ne gaba daya maras ban sha'awa sauti (hip). Bugu da kari, gwama ciki da hanji thympanitis, likita zai iya yi ganewar asali toshewa da wani daga cikin sashen.

Cikakkar hanta dullness kullum a tsare a gefen dama a IV intercostal sarari cikin sharuddan talakawan nono line. Idan a lokacin jarrabawa na wannan yanki tympanic sauti da aka gano, wannan ya nuna perforation na gabobin, watau a cikin kogo akwai ruwa.

Percussing baƙin ciki ba shi da wani m muhimmanci: da kasa baki poschupyvaetsya sauƙi palpable.