Babban yakin da yakin duniya na farko. Major fadace-fadace da yakin duniya na farko

By kuma manyan, dukan tarihin 'yan adam - shi ne jerin fadace-fadace da kuma truces, wani lokacin mai shudewa, wani lokacin ya fi tsayi. Wasu fadace-fadace suna rasa a cikin memory daga ƙarni, wasu zama a ji, duk da haka, tare da duk sharewa, manta a kan lokaci. A yakin da ya yi sanadiyar rayukan akalla mutane miliyan 20 da kuma gurgunta yawa ya fi girma yaƙi, a sunan wanda lyutovali ba kawai a Turai amma kuma a Afirka da kuma yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya, hankali matafã ba a cikin gabata. Kuma da sabon ƙarni ba kawai ya ba ka san babbar fadace-fadace na yakin duniya na, amma ba ma iya tuna da shekara-shekara tsarin na wannan page a tarihi, cike da jini da kuma warwatse tare da hadayu na gunpowder gidaje.

mahalarta

A takaddama jam'iyyun da aka garwaya a cikin biyu tubalan - da Entente, kuma kwata (da Triple Alliance). A abun da ke ciki na farko shigar da Rasha da kuma Birtaniya dauloli, France (kazalika da dama m kasashe, ciki har da Amurka, Japan). Triple Alliance kammala Italiya, Jamus da Austriya-Hungary. Duk da haka, Italiya daga baya gefe tare da kawayenta da kuma kawayenta suka fara Ottoman kuma Bulgaria a karkashin ta iko. Wannan ƙungiya mai suna Quarter Union. A Sanadin da rikici, wanda ya kai ga manyan-fadace na yakin duniya na farko, da ake kira daban-daban, amma mafi m har yanzu ya kasance wani hadadden na da dalilai da dama, ciki har da tattalin arziki, da cikakken yankin. Tafasar batu na duniya da aka cimma a lokacin da a Sarajevo kashe Archduke Franz Ferdinand, fatan da sararin Austro-Hungarian Empire. Saboda haka, daga 28 ga watan Yuli Countdown yaki ya fara.

Marne yaƙi

Wannan watakila babbar fadace-fadace na yakin duniya na farko, a farkon sosai, a watan Satumba shekara ta 1914. Arena fada cewa fãta shimfiɗaɗɗa a arewacin Faransa, ya dauki game da 180 km da kuma 5 halarci sojojin na Jamus da kuma 6 a Ingila da kuma Faransa. A sakamakon haka, da kawayenta gudanar ya hana da tsare-tsaren da sauri shan kashi na Faransa, ta haka ne fundamentally canza gaba Hakika na yaki.

yakin Galicia

Wannan aiki sojojin na Rasha Empire aka alama a matsayin babban fagen daga yakin duniya na farko da cewa cike da Eastern Front a farkon na soja rikici. A abun cece kuce tsawon kusan wata daya, daga Agusta zuwa Satumba shekara ta 1914, kuma ya dauki wani ɓangare na game 2 mutane miliyan. Austria-Hungary a sakamakon ya rasa fiye da 325 dubu sojoji (fursunoni m), da kuma Rasha - 230 dubu.

yakin Jutland

Wannan ne mai babbar yakin yakin duniya na farko, da scene na mataki wadda ta zama Arewa Sea (kusa da Jutland sashin). The adawa barke tsakanin navies na Jamus da kuma Burtaniya Empire a ranar 31 ga watan Mayu da Yuni 1 1916, ma'auni na ikon da aka 99 zuwa 148 jiragen ruwa (a kan magabaci daga Birtaniya gefen). Asarar da a garesu sun kasance sosai m (da bi, 11 jiragen ruwa da kuma fiye da 3 dubu mutane daga Jamus gefen kuma 14 daga jirgi da 7,000 yãƙi ta Birtaniya). Amma nasarar da contenders shared - ko da yake Jamus kasa isa ga manufa da kuma warware kawancen, amma kuma asarar abokan gaba yafi muhimmanci.

yakin Verdun

Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi jini pages, ciki har da manyan fadace-fadace na yakin duniya na farko, wanda dade ga mafi 1916 (Fabrairu-Disamba) a cikin arewa maso gabashin kasar Faransa. A sakamakon fadan da ya kashe game da miliyan daya mutane. Bugu da kari, da "Verdun nama grinder" wani harbinger na da shan kashi na Triple Alliance da kuma da tabbatarwa daga cikin Entente.

Brusilov laifi

Wannan yakin da yakin duniya na farko da Rasha ta sa hannu a cikin ta Kudu-Western Front ya kasance daya daga cikin mafi manyan-sikelin soja mataki, shirya da Rasha umurnin kai tsaye. Farko na dakarun danƙa Janar Brusilov, aka kaddamar a watan Yuni 1916, a Austria sashe. Kazamin fadace-fadace tare da sãɓãwar launukansa nasarar ci gaba a ko'ina cikin rani da kuma farkon fall, amma har yanzu daga cikin yaki Austria-Hungary kasa, amma babbar asarar da na Rasha Empire ya zama daya daga cikin catalysts da ya kai ga da Fabrairu juyin juya halin.

aiki Nivelle

Complex m tsara don kunna komowar ruwa na fadace-fadace a kan Western Front, an shirya a hade da Birtaniya da kuma Faransa, da kuma dade daga watan Afrilu zuwa watan Mayu 1917, da kuma nuna su ƙarfi muhimmanci wuce damar Jamus. Duk da haka, domin su gudanar da wani m nasara gaza, amma yawan wadanda ke fama da shi ne m - da kawayenta rasa game da 340 mutane dubu, yayin da kare Jamus - 163 dubu.

Babban tank fadace-fadace da yakin duniya na farko

A lokacin da farko World yayin da m amfani da tankuna bai yi ba tukuna, amma suka yi da za a lura. Satumba 15, 1916 a karon farko a fagen yaƙi bar Birtaniya Mk.I, kuma a kalla 49 inji, kawai 18 sun iya shiga (17 juya a kira su karkatattun ko kafin yaki, da kuma 14 mafita makale a kan hanya ko fita daga sabis saboda lalacewar) , duk da haka su sosai bayyanar ya kawo rikice a cikin sahu na abokan gaba da kuma Jamus kutsa cikin layi zuwa zurfin 5 km.

A farko yaƙi ya faru kai tsaye tsakanin inji shi ne mafi kusanta zuwa karshen yaki, a lokacin da Wheeler Breton a watan Afrilu na shekarar 1918 ba zato ba tsammani fuskanci uku Mk.IV (England) da uku A7V (Jamus), sakamakon daya tank a kowane gefe aka tsanani lalace, amma overall sakamako ne da wuya ya fassara a cikin ni'imar daya jam'iyyar. A wannan rana, "m" English Mk.A, suka sha wahala daga raga cikin taron na farko A7V. Ko da yake da rabo ya 1: 7, amma da amfani zauna a gefen gun "German" an kara goyon kuma manyan bindigogi.

Ban sha'awa karo faru, da kuma Oktoba 8, 1918, lokacin da Burtaniya fuskanci 4 Mk.IV kuma wannan adadin guda Jamus tankuna (kama), asarar da aka jawo wa kansu da bangarorin biyu. Duk da haka, babban yaƙi na yakin duniya na farko bar ba tare da goyon bayan wani sabon m sulke da motocin.

A farko Duniya ya haddasa rushewar da zarar hudu girma dauloli - Birtaniya, Ottoman, Austro-Hungarian da Rasha, da kuma sha wahala kamar yadda nasara a fuskar Entente, ya kuma ɗibge a fuskar Jamus, Austria-Hungary, da Jamus na dogon lokaci da aka ƙa'ida hana damar da gina a 'yan bindiga a jihar.

Jikkata na yaki fara fiye da miliyan 12 da kuma fararen hula miliyan 10, da sojoji a duniya ya zo a mawuyacin lokaci na rayuwa da kuma dawo da. A daya hannun, shi ne a lokacin shekaru 1914-1919 akwai wani m da kera makamai, haske inji bindigogi da aka farko amfani, gurnati launchers, aka lura a kan hanyoyi na yaki da kuma tankuna, da kuma a cikin sama - jiragen sama ya fara samar da iska goyon baya ga dakarun. Duk da haka, babban fadace-fadace da yakin duniya na farko akwai kawai harbingers na fada cewa fãta shimfiɗaɗɗa bayan biyu da suka gabata.