Bakin Karfe - Iri sa alama da su fassarar Pritsypy

Yanzu yana da wuya a rashin sanin cikakken farashi da bukatar da bakin karfe a cikin daban-daban duniyoyin na mutum aiki. A mafi rare iri na bakin karfe ne bakin karfe takardar da bakin bututu. Bakin karfe bututu iya zama zagaye da kuma profile. Don da profile hada da bakin karfe shambura tare da square kuma rectangular giciye-sashe.

Major masu amfani da bakin karfe ne abinci, sunadarai, petrochemical da makamashi da masana'antu, kazalika da aikin injiniya da kuma yi. Bakin karfe ne rare saboda da muhimmi m Properties, sarki daga cikinsu ne Maɗaukaki juriya ga m kafofin watsa labarai. Bugu da kari kayayyakin da aka yi da bakin karfe da ya cancanci ado Properties, wadda take kaiwa zuwa su yi amfani da na karewa da daban-daban abubuwa na ciki da kuma na waje.

Bugu da ƙari geometrical bambance-bambance (tsawon, nisa, kauri daga cikin takardar, ko tube bango) da kuma bambance-bambance a polishing wani bakin karfe sinadaran abun da ke ciki ya bambanta muhimmi a cikin wani musamman aji na karfe. Domin cewa mabukaci iya ganin da karfe sa musamman irin bakin karfe, akwai wani alama bakin steels, wanda shi ne mai hade da haruffa da lambobi.

A halin yanzu ana amfani uku na asali lakabtawa: bai daya akan Rasha Gost, EN / DIN da Aisi, wanda ake amfani da shi a Amurka da Turai. Ka'idar da Rasha lakabtawa, la'akari da wadannan misali: 12X18H10T. A farko biyu lambobi (12) nuna talakawan carbon abun ciki a cikin tenths na wani kashi (a cikin wannan harka - 0,12%). Idan akwai wani lambobi a gaban, yana nufin cewa irin wannan karfe ƙunshi daya ko fiye na carbon. Next ne wasika m zuwa wani sinadari (Alamun cewa za ta iya daukar samu a cikin adabi ko Internet). Saboda haka, misali, nitrogen (N) an tsara shi da wasika A, aluminum (Ai) da aka denoted da wasika S, beryllium (Be) an tsara shi da wasika A, boron (B) - harafin P, vanadium (V) da aka sanya ta cikin wasika F, tungsten (W) kaddamarda da haruffa 'Mun, gallium (ga) da aka denoted da B, iridium (Ir) da aka denoted da AND, cadmium (CD) denoted da haruffa KD, cobalt (Co) da aka denoted ta K, silicon (Si) da aka denoted da wasika S., magnesium (MG) da aka denoted ta W , gubar (Pb) da aka denoted da haruffa AC, jan (Cu) kaddamarda da wasika D.

The lambobin wadannan wannan wasika, nuna talakawan abun ciki na wannan kashi a matsayin mai yawan. A wannan yanayin, X18 yana nufin cewa karfe ƙunshi 18% chromium. Babu harafin lambobin nufi abun ciki na kashi a cikin karfe a cikin wani adadin 1 - 1.5%. Wadannan (a cikin yanayin) H10 ce game da goma bisa dari nickel abun ciki. Kuma karshe wasika T ba tare da Figures nuna gaban bakin karfe na sa na 1.5% titanium.

A tsarin EN / DIN alama, sabanin Rasha, da farko lists duk da sinadaran abubuwa da cewa yin up, sa'an nan saka su taro ciki. Kamar yadda na farko lambobi za a iya hukunci a kan talakawan taro sulusi da murabba'i na carbon. Idan muna da bakin karfe tube (misali) a kan abin da alama shi ne ba H5SrNi18-10 irin, shi ya nuna cewa bututu da aka yi da karfe wanda ya ƙunshi 0.05% carbon, 18% chromium da kuma 10% nickel.

The alama na American Institute of Karfe da kuma gami Aisi akwai uku lambobi, da kuma a wasu lokuta, daya - uku haruffa cewa bin su. A farko lambar suturta da aji karfe (2 ko 3 - austenitic, 4 - ferritic ko martenistye), na biyu da na uku lambobi nuna jerin yawan bakin karfe a cikin ƙungiyar. Bayan da haruffa iya numerals nuna a fakaice da wadannan: L - low carbon abun ciki, S - al'ada carbon abun ciki, N - gaban nitrogen, F - babban abun ciki na sulfur da phosphorus, B - silicon ƙari, Cu - jan kasancewa.