Ban sha'awa facts: deciduous itatuwa

All data kasance Bishiyoyi da za a iya raba deciduous da coniferous.

janar description

Bishiyoyi masu raunin juriya da kuma deciduous shrubs - shi ne yawanci a shuka da ganye petiolate farantin, wanda da hujjõji rarrabuwa veining. Leaf ruwan wukake da suka iya zama da sauki, lobed ko toothed, akalla - wuya.

Idan gubar janar rarrabuwa, da deciduous itatuwa ne a mulkin shuke-shuke rabu mafi girma shuke-shuke angiosperms rabu (flower). Wannan category iya hada game da 165 raka'a, 11 000 haihuwar, 545 iyalansu, da dubu 260 jinsunan.

Masu raunin juriya shuke-shuke bayyana a cikin ƙasa da yawa daga baya fiye da sauran - a lokacin da Jurassic lokaci, kuma a tsakiyar na Cretaceous sauri yada a fadin duniya. Bã su da wani cikakken tsarin da nama, generative da vegetative gabobin, da hanyoyi da dama na pollination (mafi tasiri daga wanda - tare da taimakon kwari) da kuma iri waste. Yanzu deciduous shuke-shuke sun shagaltar da wani rinjaye matsayi a cikin sauran jinsunan shuke-shuke, domin, a cikin wasu abubuwa, iya daidai daidaita canza muhalli da yanayi.

Features deciduous gandun daji

Idan aka kwatanta da coniferous, deciduous gandun daji tasowa da kuma shimfidawa da yawa sauri. Wannan itace ne haske da faɗi, saboda itatuwa ne sosai rarer. A ganyen itatuwa da kuma shrubs na tsakiyar band gaba daya fada kashe sau daya a shekara, a karshen kaka, da tsire-tsire ba rasa danshi, a lokacin hunturu da sanyi. A cikin bazara na da yawa koda sake girma sabo ne ganye.

Masu raunin juriya itatuwa Rasha mafi yawa wakilci a Turai ƙasa, kuma a Siberia mamaye coniferous gandun daji.

Babban jinsunan deciduous

Bishiyoyi masu raunin juriya da kuma shrubs kasu kashi softwood itatuwa (alder, basswood, Birch da poplar) da kuma hardwoods (Maple, itacen oak, ash). Suna girma a kusan duk wani kusurwa na duniya. Mafi sau da yawa a cikin mu latitudes na katako da za a iya samu Linden, Birch, itacen oak, poplar, Willow, gyada, alder, Maple, ash, Elm, apple, ceri, ceri.

Wadannan itatuwa da kuma shrubs bunƙasa a cikin gandun daji, da kuma birane halin wurare. Suna remarkably saba da yanayi, zai iya jure wani dashi da kuma samun saba wa daban-daban na kasar gona. Mai deciduous shuke-shuke girma da sauri da kuma tsawon rai.

Bishiyoyi masu raunin juriya da daban-daban girma kudi. Alal misali, itacen oak kara habaka ta kambi to daya mita a kowace shekara. A farkon lokacin rani na girma ne da yawa fiye da a karshen.

ban sha'awa facts

Oak gaskiya nufin da itatuwa, dogon-rayu: ya kai gare shi da talakawan shekaru na shekara ɗari biyar. Daga sauran deciduous itatuwa, alder kuma ash tsira wani talakawan na shekara ɗari uku, da kuma Aspen - har zuwa wani mutum ɗari. Daga cikin conifers kawai spruce za a iya kwatanta ta da itacen oak na rayuwa, kowane na da allura rayuwarsu daga shekaru biyar zuwa bakwai.

Cikin tsofaffin itace a Turai - Oak "tsoho", wanda aka girma a Lithuania: shi ne kusan 2000 da shekaru. A Poland akwai uku "Oak na aminci", wanda for 900 shekara. Su sunayen Cech, Lech da Rus.

Mafi na kowa deciduous itatuwa a Rasha - wannan ne itacen oak da Birch, da kuma a yammacin Turai - Beech da hornbeam. A mafi wuya Rasha itace - Schmidt Birch, wanda ke tsiro a cikin matsananci Pomerania. Yana iya ba a sare tare da gatari, ko Punch wani harsashi.

A amfani da deciduous shuke-shuke

A mafi muhimmanci da jinsunan deciduous itatuwa sun dade da aka dauke oak, pear, Beech, ceri, gyada da kuma Maple. Suna amfani da ko'ina a yi da kuma masana'antu aikace-aikace.

Amma duk da haka da yawa deciduous tsire-tsire ne da amfani saboda su 'ya'yan itace za a iya amfani da abinci ko don magani dalilai. Bugu da kari ga m aikace-aikace na wadannan itatuwa da kuma shrubs ana yadu amfani da ado da kuma na ado dalilai - daga wuri mai faɗi zane don ƙirƙirar daban-daban art abubuwa.

Musamman na ado deciduous itatuwa da kuma shrubs Bloom, kuma ba canza itãce. A bayyanar m haske koren ganye a spring, rani bore na greenery, sa'an nan canza launuka a cikin fall zuwa zinariya rawaya ko wani arziki da mulufi canza launin yin canji na yanayi bayyane da kuma kyau sosai.