"Belogorye" Nature Reserve. "Belogorye" Jihar Nature Reserve (Belgorod yankin)

Forest mãkirci-on-Vorskla aka located a kudu maso yammacin na Belgorod yankin. Wannan yanayi ajiye, ya halitta don kare 100-shekara itacen oak gandun daji, kazalika da mafi muhimmanci da 300-shekara itacen oak. Da karkararta ne a daure da waɗansu kõguna: gabas da kuma kudu - Vorskla daga yamma - GEST. Tare da iyakoki na ajiye ne kauyuka.

labarin

Reserve "Belogorye" a cikin Belgorod yankin ne ba kawai ban sha'awa cikin sharuddan yanayi. Babu kasa ban sha'awa shi ne shi a tarihi sharuddan.

Tun zamanin da, wannan yanki ya kasance wani wuri na fama da makiyaya - da Tatar-Mongol hordes, Polovtsy da Tatars sojojin. M gandun daji sun kasance ko da yaushe a dogara da kariya a lokacin da nassi daga cikin sojojin doki. Daga baya, mutane suka fara gina wani gandun daji "abatis" - wani irin shãmaki felled itatuwa. A tsakiyar XVII karni, suka sanya gina 800-kilometer tare da kogin Vorskla, wanda hada da mata kagarai, embankments kuma ko da wani sansanin soja.

A zamanin mulkin Bitrus I itatuwan oak sosai tsananin tsaro, a cikin ra'ayi na gaskiya cewa domin gina da Navy bukatar mai yawa na itace, musamman oak.

Tallant na Elm, itacen oak da ash ga sauran dalilai ne hukuncin kisa. A wannan yankin, Count Sheremetyev sanya wani gandun daji farauta ƙasa, kare daga tsangwama bare. Tare da wannan a nan za a adana ruwan tekun Atlantika kyau na gandun daji.

samar da ajiye

Bayan da Oktoba juyin juya halin, da gandun daji ba wanda ya tsare, da kuma mutane sun kawai savagely hallaka shi, suka kuma kashe dabbobi rai a cikinta. Kusan gaba ɗaya aka decimated da Foxes, Roe barewa, martens.

Saboda da aiki aiki na SI Malyshev a kan waɗannan ƙasashe da aka halitta da aka sani ga kwararru da yawa Forest Reserve-to-Vorskla. Yakin duniya na II ya sa shi mai lalacewa. Nan da nan bayan yakin shi aka canza kama zuwa wata koyarwa da kuma gwaji da gandunan daji. Kawai a shekarar 1979, ya sake samu matsayi na ajiye.

A yanayi na Belgorod yankin

Wannan yanki, dake a cikin zuciya na kasar mu. Belgorod yankin - Rasha yankin cire a 500-700 km daga Moscow, a kan iyakar kasar da Ukraine. Manyan birane a cikin yankin ne Belgorod, tare da yawan jama'a na 356 da dubu. Mazauna, Stary Oskol (260 thous.), Gubkin (90 thous.)

Belgorod yankin ne wani ɓangare na Jamhuriyar Black Duniya yankin da kuma Jamhuriyar Tarayya District of Rasha. A yankin kudu da yamma iyakokin kasar da Kharkiv, Luhansk da Sumy yankuna na Ukraine, a arewa maso yammacin kuma arewa - tare da Kursk yankin, a cikin gabas ta makwabcin - Voronezh yankin.

A tsawon iyakar yankin na game da 1.150 km, daga abin da 540 km ne a kan iyakar kasar da Ukraine. A duka yankin wuce 27,1 dubu sq. Km, daga arewa zuwa kudu da yankin lullube for 190 km, daga gabas zuwa yamma 270 km.

Belgorod yankin da aka located a kan Tsakiya Rasha upland, a kan ta kudu maso yammacin kasar da kuma kudancin gangara, a cikin daruna na Don da Dnieper, a cikin gandun daji-steppe zone. Its tsororuwar ne a tsawon 277 m saman teku matakin - An located a yankin Prokhorovka. The mafi ƙasƙanci batu - a kwarin kõguna Seversky Donets da Oskol. A ƙasa ne a yanka up m bim, ravines, a cikin abin da akwai itatuwan oak.

kogi

A yankin daga ƙarƙashinsu 500 kõguna da kananan qarqashinsu. Mafi yawansu ba su kasance a kananan koguna. Su tsawon ba ya wuce 100 km. More m River - shi ne Oskol (220) Vorskla (115) Donets (110) da kuma shuru Pine (105). A kogin cibiyar sadarwa ne fiye da 5,000 km.

taimako daga ƙasa

"Belogorye" - ajiye, featuring bambance bambancen ƙasa. Yadu ɓullo da cibiyar sadarwa na gullies da kuma ravines. A yanayi na wannan yanki - temperate nahiyar. A dumi zamani yana 155 days. Winter iska, sanyi, tare da m blizzards. Spring bushe, short frosts ba faru sau da yawa. Summers ne zafi da kuma dogon. A general yanki shi da dangantaka da climatically m.

Located fairly zurfin ƙasa ruwa, itace tushen ba su da damar yin amfani da su, don haka kusan kawai tushen ruwa ne hazo. Vorskla kogin ne sosai a kwantar da hankula, domin shiru, don haka shi ne overgrown tare da slime da sauran na cikin ruwa ciyayi. Lednov cover yana daga farkon watan Disamba zuwa tsakiyar watan Maris.

Jihar Halitta Reserve "Belogorye" yana da fiye da 20 iri gona. A mafi m m weakly da sredneopodzolennye baƙin yumɓu. The takin gargajiya na wadannan kasa ne saboda da rasit na shuka sharan, wanda a lokacin da fadada da aka fito da wani yawa na gina jiki.

Flora

Reserves na Belgorod yankin ne bambancin ciyayi. "Belogorye" ne ba togiya.

A mafi sanyi-m tsire-tsire ne Birch, Pine da spruce. A tsawon lokaci, da itacen oak tura Birch kuma Pine.

A kan ajiye 550 jinsunan flowering shuke-shuke da ferns an rajista, game da 25 jinsunan mosses, 61 jinsunan lichens, 900 jinsunan fungi. A mafi sassa na ƙasa da na kowa itacen oak tsiro, akwai kananan admixture na sauran breeds.

Forest tsarin da ake tiered tsarin. A cikin farko bene suna located 200-300-shekara mai itatuwan oak. The biyu bene shagaltar da kananan-Leaved Linden, Maple platanovidny, ash, Elm. The uku bene aka bai melkoroslym itatuwa - daji apple, pear.

A gaba bene up shrubs -. Turai dogara sanda itãciya, kuma warty, daji ya tashi, filin Maple, da dai sauransu A ciyawa cover ne gandun daji ciyayi. Bugu da kari, a nan za ka iya ganin mosses, algae, lichens.

A daban-daban yanayi da ciyawa cover ne daban-daban. Farkon spring aka mamaye Corydalis Haller, squill Siberian, Anemone Ranunculoides, hankaka ta bakuna, kananan da kuma rawaya, Chistyakov. By farkon lokacin rani, da suka bace, kuma a wuri na zo lokacin rani inuwa haƙuri. Suna bambanta da fararen furanni da kuma duhu ganye.

Daga cikinsu akwai m sedge, goutweed, chickweed lanceolate, m Woodruff, nettle-Leaved bellflower, Lungwort, violets m, kuma abin mamaki, kupenu. "Belogorye" - ajiye, karkarar wanda gudummawar fiye da 200 da ƙungiyoyi. A nan, akwai wuraren m (m ga yankin) shuke-shuke. Wannan Amur toshe kwalaba, Manchurian da walnuts, Siberian larch, locust rawaya et al.

Interest na kwararru sa ciyayi gandun daji glades tare da raba tsoho itatuwan oak. Kusa da su zama gõnaki ciyawa, kowa lankwasa ciyawa, Clover da dutsen filin, bluegrass angustifolia, Veronica spicata, Malabar.

Located a kudancin gangara daga cikin makirce-makirce na bushe matakan. Gandun daji-steppe ne kananan yankunan da predominance na hawthorn, blackthorn, buckthorn.

Floodplain Vorosky daban-daban mai natsuwa da sedge kumfa da kuma kaifi, Manica sag da kuma manyan, Reed Canary ciyawa, Beckmann.

fauna

Ya tanadi Belgorod yankin sanaki yawa kyawawan rare dabbobi. Wannan yanki ne quite densely lugar. Takaici,, ya kamata a lura da cewa "Belogorye" - ajiye, a cikin wanda ƙasa saboda m adam aiki gaba daya hallaka barewa, workaholic, beavers da otters. Duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, akwai kowa vole, hamster launin toka, quail, mole bera, hatimi makiyaya.

"Belogorye" - ajiye, karkarar wanda ake sanaki rare kwari kamar swallowtail, stag irin ƙwaro, irin ƙwaro, sufi, Mnemosyne, Podalirius, perelivnitsa, blue sash. Suna da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi daga Rasha.

tsuntsãye

Wannan ne mai raba duniya a fauna na ajiye. Yana da babu kasa bambancin. Reserve farkon spring mai cike da raira babban tsuntsaye, itace sparrows, blue tsuntsaye, pikas, nuthatches. A cikin gandun daji, sai na ji sauti daga wani woodpecker. A watan Maris, a kare yankunan za a iya gani talakawa migratory tsuntsaye - starlings, zakara, herons, kananan tsuntsaye, fari wagtails, baki da kuma song gauraka suna kiyaye, daban-daban tsuntsaye masu cin nama.

A babban hollows a cikin dazuzzuka sanaki jemagu da dutse martens, squirrels. Tsohon kututture da kuma m m obzhili rawaya-throated linzamin kwamfuta, vole shrub, Ryzhi. Shrews aka boye a cikin gandun daji bene. Badgers da Foxes ne okorm a yankunan da tsayi. Muz da Roe delicacy ne mafi kyau euonymus.

A gefen da gandun daji a dare za a iya gani waje kiwo ungulates da zomo. A rana kwanaki, da furanni suna kewaye da girgijen ƙudan zuma, malam, bumble ƙudan zuma, da mai yawa dabbobi da aka zaba "Belozerye". Reserve a kudancin sanaki badgers, Foxes, rekun karnuka. A m thickets na reeds da Willows irin corncrake, fadama warbler drozdovidnye. A swampy yankunan saba manyan yawan toads da frogs.

Ba dole ne a ce cewa aikin kare muhalli da aka biya kashe. Reserves Map, wanda muka buga a cikin labarin, ya nuna yadda za mu kasa ne masu tasowa, a cikin wannan shugabanci. Fadin kasar, akwai wuraren da dabbobi jin dadi a karkashin kariya na mutum.