Big Band (Big band) - abin da yake da shi da kuma abin da su ne babban makada?

A labarin da aka kishin irin jazz ƙungiyar makaɗa a matsayin babban band. Ganin babban halayyar da ƙungiyar makaɗa, da ya rufe irin wannan styles kamar yadda bebop, lilo, Fusion. Za ka kuma koyi abin da ya wanzu babban makada da kuma sunayen su shugabanni.

Jazz Big Band. Mene ne wannan?

A zahiri fassarar jumlar - wani babban ƙungiyar makaɗa. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin bayãnin hukuncin fasali na wani jazz ƙungiyar makaɗa, wanda aka halin da takamaiman abun da ke ciki da kayayyakin aiki. Babban rawa aka buga da wani rukuni daga iska kida. Daga cikin takamaiman fasali na babban band wajibi ne a lura da wadannan:

• Rabuwa da instrumental kungiyoyin, wanda ake kira "sassan".
• A musamman dabara na gungu Playing: plexus improvisations tuni shirya da wani bangare, da kuma yin amfani da musamman iri orchestral masu raka (dabam).
• Hadawa haske contrasting sautunan, da ake dangantawa da tarin hotunan da miksazhnym sauti.
• M rhythmic throbbing, m canjawa a girmamawa, wanda shi ne mai matukar hadaddun kisa kashi.

Yawan masu kida - daga goma zuwa ashirin mutane. Mafi na kowa babban band zo a cikin wani kayan aiki kunshi: biyar saxophones, hudu da ƙahoni, da hudu trombones da wani launi band (guitar, bass, piano, ganguna). An zaci cewa wadannan kungiyoyin na kayayyakin:

• Sashen Saxophone - Reeds.
• Sashen Brass - Brass.
• Da kari sashe.
• Woodwind sashe - Woods.
• Kirtani sashe.

A nan ne babban halayyar wannan ƙungiyar makaɗa a matsayin babban band. Swing, bebop, Fusion - Waɗannan su ne uku daban-daban styles na jazz, wanda za a tattauna a kasa.

Babban halayyar bebop jazz style

A bambancin da wannan salon da aka kafa a farkon 40-ies. Ainihin suna - bop (bop). A wanda aka samu daga kalmar riga (bop, bibap, ribap) an yadu amfani a amfani. Dukan su suna tsaye alaka scat-tsarkakewa yi da kuma samun onomatopoeic asalin. Wani sunansa - Mintons style. Su asalin, ajalin daukan kan sunan Harlem Club (Minton ta Playhouse). A wannan kulob din su ne wadanda suka kafa bebop kida. Wannan salon (bop) ya fito a matsayin wani gwaji yankin bayan da wata lilo.

Key trends cewa faye hali style of bop:

• Haɓaka da haihuwa zafi jazz.
• An m solo improvisation.
• The bidi'a a cikin filin daga m-ma'ana nufin (kari, launin waƙa, irin zane, jituwa, tempo, timbre da sauransu).

Swing - wajen magana a jazz

A Turanci (lilo) ne lilo, lilo. Maganar lilo da ake amfani a biyu hankula, a matsayin ma'ana wajen da kuma jazz matsayin style.

Lilo duka biyu ma'ana jazz nufin - takamaiman irin metroritmicheskoy pulsation kafa a kan m launi munanan (as retarded da jagorancin) na karfi ƙasa-bit sulusi da murabba'i. A wannan dangane akwai wani ji na girma ciki da makamashi, wanda yake a cikin m ma'auni. Yana halitta sakamakon wani irin "rocking" sauti taro awo m tushe. Don lilo a matsayin hanyar magana halayyar metroritmicheskie rikice-rikice.

Lilo matsayin style of orchestral jazz

Yana bayyana a lokacin 20-30-ies a sakamakon hada westernized da stylistic siffofin Negro jazz kwatance a music. Da farko, ya aka wakilta wani babban band, amma shi ne mafi kusanta zuwa karshen 30s music taka leda a cikin wannan style haduwa (jam'iyya was). A halayyar fasali na style:

• A irin ripple, haddasa kai tsaye ƙungiyoyi tare da "rocking".
• A musamman hade da solo improvisation da bangaranci Playing dabara.
• The asali tonal canza launi.
• A mahimmin juzu'in da abun da ke ciki da kuma tsari.

Ba kowa da kowa ya san abin da a babban band lilo. Wannan shi ne sakamakon ci gaba da kuma fadada daga cikin Chicago style.

Feature Fusion

A Turanci da kalmar Fusion nufin fe daga cikin gami. Fusion - a stylistic shugabanci na wayewar. Wannan irin salon bayyana a cikin 70s a kan tushen da jazz dutse, kazalika da hade da abubuwa na ba-Turai almara da kuma Turai gargajiya music.

Music style fe, m, ne instrumental a yanayi. Shi ne yawanci a nagartaccen metroritmicheskie fasali da kuma lokacin sa hannu. Turai sauraro, Japan da kuma Kudancin Amirka ne magoya kuma real connoisseurs wannan music style.
A Rasha, daya daga cikin na farko aikatawa ya rukuni na "Arsenal" (kafa a 1973) tare da sa hannu na Alekseya Kozlova. A shekara ta 1974 na farko album da ake kira "Labyrinth aka saki a karkashin kulawa da Georgiya Garanyana. Jazz "jazz-fe.

Abin da ya wanzu babban band?

A tsari na zargin babban makada da su shahararsa ya ba ko da yaushe kasance daidai.
Alal misali, Benni Gudmena Orchestra dadin matsananci shahararsa da kuma high bukatar daga jama'a, wanda ba su san cewa wannan babban band fito da taimakon wasu, pre-data kasance orchestras. Wannan ƙungiyar makaɗa da aka bisa ga gagarumar kwarewa da kuma goyon bayan da wani babban band na Fletcher Henderson. A irin wannan hanya tafi da irin wannan kida kamar:

• Arti Shou.
• Bob Crosby.
• Dzhimmi Dorsi.
• Harri Dzheyms.

A karshen 30s su ne mafi m ƙungiyar makaɗa da Glenn Miller. Its mahalicci ne mai trombonist wanda ya dogon karatu tushe na shirye-shirye. Ya yi amfani da wani yawan sababbin abubuwa. Daya daga cikinsu - crystal ƙungiyar mawaƙa.

Big Band Count Basie aka kafa a 30s a birnin Kansas, da ya karshe da aka kafa a New York City. Basie, wanda girmama jazz hadisin, ya iya cimma cikakken lilo da kuma iko sauti. Wannan ƙungiya fili ji gaban na stylistic dabaru, waxanda suke da halayyar da wani babban band. Daga cikin su shi ne ya kamata a lura da wadannan:

• Tambaya-amsar form.
• Hulda orchestral sassan.
• A amfani da orchestral riffs.

Duke Ellington Orchestra. Shugaban kungiyar hada da dama talanti: band shugaban, pianist, mawaki, mai zane-zane. Ya ya iya yin wani mutum sauti cewa hadawa abubuwa na orchestral gargajiya music kuma na gargajiya jazz dabaru.

Saboda haka, babban band na da halayyar siffofin da kuma ayyana abun da ke ciki masu kida da kida. Akwai daban-daban jazz styles: lilo, bebop, Fusion. A tsari na zargin babban makada da su shahararsa ya aikata ba ko da yaushe daidaita. Aka Popular babban makada Benni Gudmena, Glenn Miller, Count Basie, Duke Ellington.