Biography Vladimira Komarova da kuma ban sha'awa facts na rayuwa

Cosmodrome "Baikonur" a 3 am Afrilu 23, 1967 ya dauki kawai biyu shahara binciken sararin samaniya: Yuri Gagarin da Vladimir Komarov. A wannan mai banrazana dare Yuri matsayin understudy gwajin, amma da farko, kuma farkon a matsayin aboki rako abõkinsa a jirgin a kan wani kumbon sama jannati "Soyuz-1". Yana da aka 35 minutes kafin a fara aiki, kuma a daga dauki 'yan saman jannati a saman roka zuwa cikin abin hawa. Gagarin zauna tare da Vladimir Komarov kafin rufe da hatches, kuma shi ne na karshe wanda ya so shi sa'a ... da kuma bankwana da shi.

m tayin

A shekarar 1959, kamar yadda wani soja pilot, Vladimir Mikhailovich ya sa management zuwa ofishinmu, inda ya ya sadu da biyu wakilin mutane. Daya daga cikinsu shi soja likita, da kuma na biyu - da Air Force kanar. The matasa gwani da aka miƙa sirrin aikin, kuma ya ce kawai cewa shi zai zama wajibi a gwada dabara da kuma tashi a wani babban tsawo. "A karshe", - Vladimir Komarov tunani, saboda Flying ya mafarkin. Saboda haka, mayar da martani ne nan da nan, kuma m.

Wannan shekara akwai wani selection gwajin cosmonaut, da bukatu ne: tsawo na 1.7 mita kuma ku auna nauyi zuwa 70 kg kuma har zuwa shekaru 30 da shekaru. A wannan lokacin, Vladimir ya 32 years old, amma ya msar tambayar ilmi ya zama dole umurninSa, kuma ya kasance a cikin tawagar na 20 zaba domin m gwaji.

Matukan jirgi ya gudu kowace rana, motsa jiki a cikin zãfi jam'iyya, yara, da kuma skydive. Kawai watanni 3, ya bayyana cewa mutane suna shirye su a aika a cikin sarari.

na farko jirgin

Na] aukar da shi ya shirya ya zabi daya kawai kosmoprohodtsa, amma bayan na farko da jirgin Yuriya Gagarina, wanda aka ma zaba a saman ashirin, ya bayyana cewa mutum daya aiki a kan nazarin sararin samaniya da aka ba iyakance.

Kuma Oktoba 12, 1964 aika a cikin sarari duniya ta farko Multi-seater "Voskhod". Shirya wani ƙungiya daga uku: pilot, likita da kuma m. Vladimir Komarov nada shugaban ƙungiya. Har ila yau, a yanke shawara da High umurnin aika mutane ba tare da sarari kara, saboda sarari a kan uku a cikin "Fitowar" bai isa ba.

Vehicle farko da aka yi a 7:30 am, ya bi ta hanyar gargajiya rahoton Komarov mika Khrushchev, sa'an nan na biyu da kira zuwa ga Kremlin sanar a kan ci gaban Brezhnev kuma D. Ustinov. Duk da haka, shugabannin jam'iyya ba a wuri. Kuma wannan shi ne wani hadari, saboda a wannan lokacin shirya "Kananan Oktoba juyin juya halin", wanda manufar da aka kifar da gwamnatin yanzu.

Don bayar da rahoton?

Tare da farko jirgin na Gagarin ya wani hadisin bisa ga abin da Sakatare Janar na hadu da 'yan saman jannati a kan Red Square ga grand da na rahoton a kan yi aiki.

Bayan saukowa, da "Dawn" a kan jirgin tare da Vladimir Komarov Khrushchev ya riga an cire daga mulki, wanda ya karanta rahoton ta shirya da ba a sani ba. Yayin da sakatare janar da kujera ba tare da wani m, da 'yan saman jannati bai bari da ƙungiya daga Baikonur. Kwanaki biyar masana wanzuwa rufaffiyar kofofi, saboda ya tashi a NS Khrushchev da kuma koma kamar yadda zai daga baya zama da aka sani, yayin da Leonid Brezhnev.

Lokacin da matukan jirgin da aka bai da nod ga isowa a Moscow, Vladimir a jirgin lokaci ya fara tasiri a rahoton da ayoyin rahotanni da sauyawa daga wani jami'in request. Daga cikin wadannan, da magana yanzu bace: "Dear Nikita Sergeyevich!"

Jirgin zuwa "Fitowar" gaba daya ya canza rayuwar wani soja matukin jirgi daga yanzu cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov - Hero na Tarayyar Soviet.

taimako kishiya

A cikin tsakiyar 60s akwai biyu sarari naúrar: soja da farar hula, masana. ya rashin jituwa tsakanin kungiyoyin. Yana gaya Georgy Grechko, wanda shi ne wani ɓangare na farar hula, 'yan saman jannati a lokacin jiki horo da mutane daga soja detachment aka kewaye da kishiyoyinsu, kuma gano dalilin da ya sa suka zo a cikin sarari umurninSa. Bayan duk, al'amarin na Civil Engineers gina jiragen ruwa, da kuma mutane daga soja naúrar suka yi nufin tashi. Kuma shi ne duk ba daidai ba, da wuri a cikin Spaceships aka shagaltar da farar hula da kwararru.

A wani tacit yaki ƙunci a hannun abokin hamayyarsa aka impregnated da kõwace ƙungiya memba amma kyautatawa Vladimir Komarov, suka kasance cikin soja umurninSa. Bayan wani mummunan saukowa Georgy Grechko, a lokacin da ya yi a karye kafa, da tambaya da sallama. Amma Vladimir, kasancewa akasin detachment, gamsu management a lokacin da magani Grechko ƙyale shi ya karanta laccoci a Cosmonaut Training Center, da kuma bayan cikakken maida su koma horo ga sarari jirgin.

Health Matsaloli

Kafin na farko jirgin, a 1963, a wani mawuyacin hali a lokacin da wani likita jarrabawa tabbatar da Vladimir Komarov. Bayan horo a wani centrifuge matukin cardiogram nuna matalauta da sakamakon. A zuciya - shi ne yafi muhimmanci jiki ga jannati fiye da wani karye a kafa. Akwai matsala, da bayani da abin da yake su ratsa cikin almajiri kasafi.

Sa'an nan dukan kungiyar karkashin jagorancin Yuriem Gagarinym kare abokinsa, kuma aka nada a karo na biyu likita jarrabawa. Sa'an nan likita Adil Kotovskaya samu daga cikin dalilin wannan matalauta sakamakon cardiogram. The abu ne cewa, wata daya kafin a centrifuge Vladimir tonsils cire, da kuma kafin horar da matukin jirgi ya ɓoye wannan al'amari.

Na biyu binciken da aka tabbatacce ga Komarov, da kuma likitoci kammala: "Tare da irin wannan cardiogram kawai tashi a cikin sarari."

Matasa Vladimir Komarov: biography

A Moscow makaranta yawan 235 tafi daga 1st zuwa 10th sa, Volodya. Mahaifinsa sarkin ƙofa kuma cikin kayayyakin lokaci tare da dansa pasted jirgin sama model. Yana dakatarda da alama a kan ya zabi na gaba sana'a. Bayan makarantar sakandare, da yaron da ke da jirgin makaranta, graduating daga cewa, aika zuwa bauta a Chechnya.

The wajibi tashar Vladimir sadu da nan gaba matar Valentina Kiseleva. Domin da farko lokacin da ya gan ta a cikin photo, ya fallasa yadda mai kyau harbi a wani photo studio. A yarinya a lokacin da aka karatu a Pedagogical University kuma yi aiki a matsayin leburare a cikin maraice. Vladimir kaunace karanta, kuma m ziyara zuwa laburare, inda akwai dadi zuciya Valentine, taka rawar gani. A duk da rashin so da iyaye to Valentina na ƙungiyar, a shekara ta courtship overruled su, da kuma bikin aure ya faru. Married to Valentina da Vladimir Komarov ya'ya biyu: a dan Eugene kuma ya Irina.

Last ranar tunawa

A farko jirgin kawo ba kawai daraja Komarov, amma kyauta ne daga jihar - wani hudu-dakin. Bayan da matsuguni sojojin shi ya fili ta zauna tare da mai baranda, a loggia da kuma babban kitchen. Yanzu da yara da isasshen sarari yi wasa ɓõyẽwa ne kuma ku nẽmi, ba tare da barin gida. All sun farin ciki, sai dai Valentine. Wani abu depressing jannati matar.

Maris 16, 1967 Apartment samu baƙi a kan ta arba'in da ranar tunawa da Vladimir. Victor Kukeshev a cikin wata hira kishin ƙwaƙwalwar na gwarzo daga cikin fim, ya ce cewa ta arba'in da ranar tunawa da aka alama hayayyafa. A kan m bikin babu wani daga cikin baƙi ba zai iya tunani cewa bayan 1.5 watanni za su gani a hoto Vladimira Komarova da baki kintinkiri a kasa.

Da ƙaddamar da "Soyuz-1"

Bayan aika da "Soyuz-1" a kan jirgin tare da Komarov KVN masu kallo koya cewa sarari yanzu, Afrilu 23, 1967, ne Soviet 'yan saman jannati. Bayan duk, a cikin wani m scene na kasar da aka mika saukar da wani Poster tare da wannan bayani. Hall ya ba da a tsaye ovation. Kuma a kan Afrilu 24 wani rahotanni da rahotanni daga sarari iya ji ba. Valentina aka jiran ta gwarzo. Wake-up kira ga matarsa kwatsam tafiya gida waya. Ko da yake ta san cewa soja matuka wayar kasance ko da yaushe a aiki yanayin. Amma baki Volga koro zuwa ƙofar Komarovs karshe kashe begen ganin ka fi so Valentine. Kanar-Janar, wanda ya zo don sanar da iyali game da bala'i jannati, ba su ma da a ce na bude jawabai. Valentine kawai ya tambaye shi game da inganci na bayanai.

Afrilu 26, 1967 aka gudanar da jana'izar Hero na Tarayyar Soviet. Cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov aka immortalized a cikin Kremlin bango. Kuma yanzu akwai wani akwatin jefa kuri'a tare da toka.

A Sanadin m jirgin

"Soyuz-1" national jirgin dukan lokacin tashi, saboda duk lokacin da akwai matsalolin da ake bukata da za a narkar. Amma designers gaggauta m executives zuwa da sauri da kaddamar da jirgin da kuma ta yi daidai da nasara da 50th tunawa da Oktoba juyin juya halin. Dukan more haka da lokaci na biyu superpower - Amurka ta yi hu ~~ asa a sarari bincike.

Safety bukata da ƙaddamar da unmanned jirgin sama. "Soyuz-1" duk uku unmanned gwajin kasa, Duk da haka a kan jirgin tare da Komarov aka aike zuwa sararin samaniya. Bayan shan da ya shiga jirgi zuwa sarari suKe matsala fara ba a bude wani hasken rana cell, kuma wannan rashin makamashi da kuma a sakamakon, gazawar da na atomatik iko. Vladimir fara engine braking, naúrar fara shirya domin saukowa. A ajiyar zuciya iko cibiyar, amma an bayar da rahoton cewa Vladimir Komarov aka kashe a Orsk. Photo sunyi ragowa tafiya a dukan duniya a yanzu, amma sai akwai da yawa daga waɗanda alhakin mutuwar, da kuma jaruntakar yi da miyagun aka ba a rufe a kowace jarida. A sabili da mutuwar da aka sanar karkatarwa da madauri na laima, saboda wanda jirgin ya fara fada cikin sauri. Sa'an nan kuma akwai hukumar samu 200 flaws na "Soyuz-1". Suna ƙarshe shafe, da kuma wannan rana da jirgin ne yawo ba tare da aukuwar lamarin.