150 dakaru Division da kuma ta tarihi

Kusan kowa ya san cewa sakamakon da yaki da Tarayyar Soviet da kuma Nazi Jamus da aka murtuke zuwa Dome na Reichstag Nasara Banner. Ba kowa ba ne ya sani cewa a wannan taron starring 150 dakaru Division. Duk da haka, ko da wannan shi ne yanzu m jayayya.

farko na hanya

References karfi da ya bada shawarar kada ya rudar da daban-daban convocations wannan samuwar. Akwai sun kasance uku, kuma su ƙaddara sun ci gaba daban.

A farko division da aka kafa a farkon kaka na shekara ta 1939, kuma a farko kome jaruntakar da aka ba a ta ayyukansu. Policy - shi ne musamman datti, saboda haka, a gaskiya, Churchill da aka ba rika shiga cikin asiran ta "dafa abinci." A baya, kusan kowace} asa tana da wani page, wanda za a iya wuya zama alfahari. Ya ƙunshi su, da rashin alheri, da kuma tarihi na 150 dakaru Division, an kai tsaye da hannu a cikin bangare na Poland a 1939.

Yau fãta shimfiɗaɗɗa mai girma da yawa tattaunawa game da yakin duniya na biyu da kuma ta cin zarafin. Wasu sukan demonize Tarayyar Soviet, ya kira shi mai accomplice na Hitler. M muhawara ne a kusa da ake kira m ladabi da "Molotov-Ribbentrop yarjejeniya". A matsananci gaskiya ne cewa tarihi ba Ya gãfarta a Jihar daya kawai - rauni.

Better luck gaba lokaci

Poland aka ci da kuma rarraba, Tarayyar Soviet da kuma Nazi Jamus rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniyar "A Friendship da jihar iyaka." Tarayyar Soviet kara kusan miliyan 13 sabon jama'a (ba dukan su ba, ba shakka, an yarda da wannan), da kuma 150 dakaru Division shi ne na farko taro ya yi nasara da sabon Heights. Ya halarci Finnish da Bessarabian yaƙin neman zaɓe, da kuma bayan da farkon yakin duniya na biyu ya shiga fama da insidious jiya ta majiɓinta.

A farko shekaru na Great Patriotic War kasance sosai wuya da kuma joyless yi wa Soviet mutane. Red sojojin sha wahala da shan kashi bayan shan kashi, da asarar da suka babbar, cikin hali na tashin ne sau da yawa m. A lokacin yaƙin neman zaɓe tsaron gida, kusan shiga cikin fadan, sha wahala nauyi asarar da, da kuma 150 dakaru Division - abun da ke ciki an rage kusan wata uku a kasa da watanni biyu. A karshen watan Yuni 1942 shi daina wanzuwa (wargaza kamar yadda marigayin).

A m rabo

A watan daga baya ya fara samar da sabon abun da ke ciki na 150th Division. Ta rabo ya fi nasara: ta halarci nasara fadace-fadace na birnin White, saki mai girma Luka Loknya. A watan Afrilu 1943, an sake tsarafa su a cikin 22-th Guards bindiga Division.

A karshe, a cikin watan Satumba 43rd na uku farfado da 150 dakaru Division, yaki da hanyar wanda ya ƙare a kan rufin Reichstag. Bauta a matsayin tushen ga halittar 151 dakaru Brigade, ya halarci yakin duniya na biyu fadace-fadace a 1942, a karkashin umurnin sa'an nan-Major Leonid Vasilyevich Yakovlev.

Gama da shi ne kyawawan kusa. A tsarin hada da hudu dakaru battalions, manyan bindigogi da kuma anti-tanki battalions, da battalions na scouts, turmi, fama injiniyoyi, signalers. Brigade ya yi yaƙi da shi nasarar, ba da gaske: daya daga cikin regimental likitoci Ginzburg tuna cewa a lokacin storming na Staraya Russa asarar sun babban. Daga 674 rajimanti, inda ya bauta wa, ya kawai 50-60 mutane bar. Jamus da aka kunshe a kan wani tsauni, muna da ya fita daga cikin swampy filayen kwari, inda har ma da dabara iya taimaka wa Soviet sojojin. Irin wannan misalai zaba dabarun a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, da rashin alheri, mai yawa. Song na nasara, abin da suke da kalmomin da muka biya farashin, Okudzhava rubuta kawai a shekarar 1970, amma ga alama cewa wasu daga cikin kwamandojin fama san ta dade kafin wannan, kuma saboda wasu dalilai, da aka gani a matsayin mai shiryarwa zuwa ga mataki.

A hanya zuwa nasara

A lokacin samuwar 150 bindiga division, kuma da aka ambata riga 151st soma a cikin tsarin ko da 127th da 144th birged. Zabuka faruwa dama matsayi, ba tare da kau da abun da ke ciki zuwa ga raya. Nan da nan bayan da samuwar shiga cikin 79th bindiga matsuguni 22 Army 2nd Baltic gaban. Yakovlev dauki umurnin da division, da wannan lokaci, Kanar.

Tun 1943, cikin shakka daga cikin yaki, kamar yadda suka faɗa, m. Tamanin da Battle of Stalingrad da ayyukan a cikin Kursk, ga alama, ba za a iya overemphasized. Wani lokaci da rabo ya faru a ranar 40 km zuwa Gabas. Tafi m hari a kan Nazis. Ga nasara yakin ga 'yantar da birnin Idritsa fili samu dama da za a kira "150 Idritsa dakaru Division," amma ga m kusa Lake Voshvanzee aka bayar da Order of Kutuzov II Degree.

A lokacin da yãƙi, shi farko mallakar 2nd, sa'an nan a karshen yaki - 1st Belorussian Front, zama cikin mahadi na 3rd Shock Army, da fama aiki ya kwatanta kama Berlin.

The official version of events

Afrilu 16 '45 harkokin siyasa 3rd Army taru a wurin taron, a lokacin da (da albarkar m management), an yanke shawarar cewa karshe shan kashi na farkisanci Reich zai kama Reichstag - alama ce ta wani united Jamus.

A kadan daga baya, a kan 19th na wannan watan, duk ƙungiyoyin sojoji aka rarraba 9 Banners sewn maza maza daga cikin saba calico yi nufi ga hoisting rufin wannan gini.

A farko, mãye da nasarar Soviet sojojin kula kadan game wanda ya daidai da za ƙawata Dome na Jamus majalisar dokokin kasar, amma daga baya ya yi tunani game da tambaya.

The official version of events aka gabatar a farkon watan Yuni, ya shirya ta sashen siyasa na 3rd Army. A cewar shi, da flag 150 hari bindiga Division aka canjawa wuri zuwa shiryayye 756 bataliya karkashin Captain Neustroeva.

Ƙoƙarin gano gaskiya

Sojoji tilasta spree division da kwace babban bene. Bayan da cewa Saje Kantariya, da Red Yegorov da Berest siyasa jami'in tafi zuwa ga rufi, punching your hanya ta hanyar yaki, da kuma tashe sama da gilashin-domed ja flag. Wannan ya faru a sa'o'i biyu da ashirin da biyar minti da rana, da kuma riga a karfe uku a cikin ginin da aka freshly dauka kwamandan - Captain Neustroev.

Da yawa masu bincike, da kuma takardun memoirs rahoton cewa labeled version of events da kõme ba yi da gaskiya, da kuma 150 Idritsa dakaru Division gabatar da jama'a m, duk da haka, abu ne mai wuya da qeta.

Akwai daban-daban, ra'ayin game wanda farko tada flag kan Reichstag (da shi ya ga flag, ma). Akwai shaida, bisa ga abin da harsashi umurnin gaggauta bayar da rahoton cewa alama ce Nazi Jamus nasarar dauka - Saboda haka daban-daban bayani game da abin da ya faru na flag lokaci.

Hari da tsaron gida

Version ya bred haka da yawa cewa sami kadai gaskiya ne kawai ba zai yiwu.

Idan muka tsaya ga sarkar na events, da yaƙi don Berlin ya fara a tsakiyar watan Afrilu. A karshen watan, Soviet sojojin samun babban kagara na Hitler - da Reichstag. Located in sharuddan na tsaro, ya kasance mai nasara, domin da uku bangarorin kewaye da ruwa - kogi spree, 25 m m. Bridge bayan wadannan hare-hare daya kawai ya tsira, anti-tanki ramuka, da kuma yankin ya juya zuwa wata babbar rami. Berlin jirgin karkashin kasa da aka cika da ruwa.

A karo na hudu gefen ginin kare lafiya masu garu gine-gine, ciki har da ma'aikatar cikin gida, ya juya a cikin haƙi sansanin soja. All halarci ga Reichstag kyau shafa - shi ne dalilin protracted hadari da kuma nauyi asarar sha wahala da 150 dakaru Division, da kuma sauran mahadi. The Nazis yi yaƙi cike take da mortally rauni dabba, fafitikar ga kowane mataki, cikin dakin bene.

A farko flag

A farko ƙoƙari hari bogged saukar, an yanke shawarar zuwa jira duhu - kuma ba zato ba tsammani da umurnin 150 dakaru Division a cikin minti 25 na uku Afrilu 30 Yana da aka ruwaito cewa Reichstag yana dauka da shi hoisted da Red flag. A Tarayyar Soviet mulki jubilation, amma shi ne ma farkon farin ciki da. Menene dalilin da gaggãwa rahoton ne ba a sani ba. Akwai version rarrabe maza har yanzu gudanar ya karya, ta hanyar zuwa cikin ginin da kuma sanya wasu Banners a kan garun sojoji har yanzu kare sansanin soja.

Yau kusan kowace makarantar sakandare digiri na biyu (idan ya koya, ba shakka) ya sani cewa, da farko ya bayyana a banner kan Reichstag 150 dakaru Division, wanda shi ne sanannen heroes hoisted sama Dome na Jamus majalisar dokokin kasar. A halin yanzu, akwai shaida, kamar yadda aka ambata sojoji hau kan rufin, da tutar da aka riga akwai, da kuma dauke shi gaba daya mutane daban-daban.

Wurare da dama a 'yan takara na lambar yabo

A Reichstag yana da biyu pediment: a daya sported wani sassaka daga allahiya na Nasara (winged Nike). Sama da biyu ado doki mutum-mutumi Sarkin sarakuna William, ya kawo a tãyar da flag haruffa ambata. Amma shi ya faru da dare, a karfe uku, a lokacin da ginin da aka dauka, da kuma ja flag ya fluttered kan Berlin da kuma ya kan kishiyar sashi, kusa da mutum-mutumi na Nike.

Official takardun ce May 1 (bi ta tabbatarwa na 2, 3 da kuma 6) ga kyautar bayan wannan feat an gabatar kyaftin Macs da kungiyar: mayakan Minin, Beavers, kuma Zagitov Lisimenko.

Mene ne dalilin da zãlunci, to, shi ne ba a bayyana. Yana iya haƙĩƙa, sun kasance quite yiwuwa a shigar da gaggãwa rahoton furtawa cewa flag 150 dakaru Division tun da rabi na rana ta uku da suke yawo a babban birnin kasar na ci maƙiyi.

Wannan lambar yabo da ya samu wani gwarzo, amma ba dukan

Soviet jagorancin dauki wani shekara fita azabta barrantacce da uninvolved lada. 8 kawai May 1946 bayar da umarni shãwara da lakabi na "Hero na Tarayyar Soviet" ga wadanda suka hoisted da Banner da Nasara a kan majalisar kasar Jamus a Berlin.

Bayan da aka ambata riga Neustroeva, Kantaria da Egorov, awards aka bai wa Davidov da Samsonov - da bataliya kwamandan da ke goyon bayan hari a kan sãsanninsu. Birch haushi, a cewar wasu masana tarihi, da jerin da aka kafa a kan daraja da Marshal na Nasara ya buge fita (dalili - idiosyncrasy da siyasa jami'in).

Yadda gaskiya ne wannan, jama'a za su taba sani ba.

Takara da dama gasar

M muhawara ne har yanzu. A cewar wani 2007 nazarin Rasha Cibiyar Soja Tarihi, na farko tada ja flag kan Jamus hali sun Rakhimzhan Koshkarbaev da Gregory Bulatov, wanda shi ma bai sami cancanta lada.

Bitrus kuwa ya tuna da talakawa Pyatnitskiy shi da wani flag a hannunsa gudu sama da mataki, amma ya aka farko rauni, sa'an nan kuma aka kashe. Banner daga hannuwansa kama da takwara - wani mazaunin Zaporozhye yankin Peter Shcherbina kuma lazimta a shafi na Jamus majalisar dokokin kasar. Bayan shekaru da dama da yaki, ya jikoki suka yi jihãdi ga posthumous lakabi na kakan aiki na "Hero na Tarayyar Soviet."

A ka'ida, akwai wuya wani ma'ana ga jayayya game wanda shi ne na farko - cikin sojoji 150 dakaru Division, ko da wakilan sauran jam'iyyun.

lashe dukkan

Mahalarta taron tuna cewa kafin da hadari kusan kowa da kowa kokarin samun wani banner, flag ko ma wani flag. A cikin shakka tafi duk da cewa ta dace da launuka: labule, gado zanen gado, guda na zane. Nan da nan bayan hari, da Reichstag aka yi wa ado da fiye da hamsin bangarori da launi na jini, da kuma sanin abin da na su zo na farko, shi ne ba zai yiwu.

Daga baya, a lokacin da Jamus karshe aka tura mayar da gini na Jamus majalisar garzaya taron so rubuta a kan garun wani irin abin da wasu "dattawan bayyana gwarzo Leonid Bykov a cikin shahararrun fim" tafi su yi yaƙi ":" kango na Reichstag gamsu. "

Mutane da yawa suka photographed a kan wani bango ado da tutocin ganuwar da gables, sa'an nan ya bukaci da lambobin yabo. Shi ne duk. To, lokacin da ya shige. Duk wanda ya tada Nasara Banner kan Reichstag Dome, 150 dakaru Division na Order of Kutuzov, lalle ya cancanci wannan da sunan da aka rubũtacce a kan alama ce karshen mafi jini da kuma m yaki a tarihin 'yan adam.