Carbon dioxide. Properties, samar, aikace-aikace

Carbon dioxide - abu wanda yana da wani jam'i na lakabi: carbon monoxide (IV), carbon dioxide ko carbon dioxide. Kamar yadda kuma ana kiranta carbon anhydride. Shi ne gaba daya colorless iskar gas da cewa shi ne odorless, tare da m iyawa. Carbon dioxide shi ne mafi tsananin fiye da iska da kuma shi ne talauci mai narkewa a cikin ruwa. A yanayin zafi da ke ƙasa - 78 ° C daskarar da shi ya zama kama da auduga.

Daga cikin gaseous jihar ta wuce a cikin m abu, domin shi ba zai iya zama a cikin wani ruwa jihar a yanayi matsa lamba. Da yawa daga carbon dioxide a karkashin al'ada yanayi na 1,97 kg / M3 - 1.5 sau da yawa na iska. Carbon dioxide a m nau'i ne ake kira "bushe kankara". A cikin ruwa a jihar, a cikin abin da za a iya adana na dogon lokaci, shi fitowa tare da kara matsa lamba. Bari mu bincika abu da kuma ta sinadaran tsarin.

Carbon dioxide, wanda dabara ne CO2, aka hada da carbon da oxygen, da kuma shi ne samu a sakamakon kona ko Rotting kwayoyin abubuwa. Carbon monoxide kunshe ne a cikin iska, karkashin kasa ma'adinai Madogararsa. Mutane da dabbobi kuma emit carbon dioxide a lokacin exhalation na iska. ba tare da lighting shuke-shuke emit shi, da kuma maida garwaya a lokacin photosynthesis. Ta hanyar aiwatar da metabolism daga cikin sel na duk halittu masu rai carbon monoxide ne daya daga cikin babban aka gyara daga wannan yanayi.

Wannan gas ne ba mai guba, amma idan ta accumulates a high yawa, za su iya fara choking (hypercapnia), da kuma a da rashin tasowa kishiyar jihar - hypocapnia. Carbon dioxide watsa hasken ultraviolet da kuma nuna infrared. Shi ne mai greenhouse gas, wanda kai tsaye rinjayar da xumamar duniya. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa matakin da abinda ke ciki da aka girma a cikin yanayi, kuma Yanã shigar da greenhouse sakamako.

Carbon dioxide da aka shirya industrially daga hayaki ko makera gas, ko da bazuwar na carbonates da dolomite farar ƙasa. A cakuda wadannan gas musamman a hankali wanke da wani bayani da potassium carbonate. Bugu da ari, shi da ke shiga hydrogen da kuma decomposes a lokacin da mai tsanani, inda carbon dioxide da aka saki. Carbonic acid (H2CO3) an kafa daga carbon dioxide narkar da a cikin ruwa, amma shi ke samu a halin yanzu yanayi da kuma sauran mafi m dabaru. Bayan da carbon dioxide da aka barrantar, shi ne matsa, sanyaya da kuma pumped cikin cylinders.

A masana'antu, wannan abu yadu da kuma amfani. Masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin abinci da ma'aikata ta amfani da shi a matsayin disintegrator (msl, kneading), ko a matsayin hana aifuwa na maza (E290). Da taimakon carbon dioxide nuna daban-daban tonic da kuma yanã shã soda, wanda ake Saboda ƙaunar da ba kawai yara har ma manya. Carbon dioxide da ake amfani a yi na yin burodi soda, giya, sugar, bubbly giya.

Carbon dioxide da aka kuma yi amfani da sarrafa da tasiri wuta extinguishers. Amfani da carbon dioxide generated aiki matsakaici da ake bukata a lokacin da waldi waya. A wani high zafin jiki da carbon baka gas decomposes cikin oxygen da kuma carbon monoxide. Oxygen reacts tare da ruwa karfe da kuma oxidize shi. Carbon dioxide a cikin harsashi da aka yi amfani da iska bindigogi da kuma Pistols.

Model jirgin sama amfani da wannan abu a matsayin makãmashin su model. Amfani da carbon dioxide iya muhimmanci inganta da ake samu na amfanin gona girma a cikin greenhouse. Har ila yau a cikin masana'antu yadu amfani bushe kankara da abinci suna kiyaye fi kyau. Ana amfani da a matsayin refrigerant a refrigerators, freezers, lantarki janareto, da kuma sauran thermal ikon shuke-shuke.