Chirkei HPP (Dagestan)

Janye da kuma girman kai na Dagestan - Chirkey HPP - an dauke su da jauhari a cascade samar da wutar lantarki tashoshin a kan Sulak River. Located a cikin wannan kanyon, rock circus da zurfin da ba na baya zuwa ga duniya-sanannen Grand Canyon a Amurka, wannan tashar ne ba kawai da makamashi kayayyakin more rayuwa, amma kuma abu na ziyartar yawon bude ido. The sosai mataki na farko a Sulak HPP na Dagestan, wannan tashar ne na musamman da abu na symbiosis na mutum injiniya da na halitta kyawawan wurare.

fasahar da kuma yanayi na Tarayyar

Fadada kunkuntar kwazazzabo Sulak, da nisa daga 30 mita sama da kogin, amma tace Chirkeyskaya baka dam HPP. A tsawon na tashar mita 400 dam tsawo - 232,5 mita. Dagestan girman kai Chirkey GES bautarka 11th matsayi a cikin ranking na 25 mafi kyau da kuma mafi girman dam a duniya. Matsa lamba dam Tsarin an kafa daga wani ruwa tafki taro girma na 3 cubic kilomita da ruwa surface yankin na 42,5 murabba'in kilomita. A abun da ke ciki na benen kasa da tafki a haɗe zuwa ruwanta unimaginably kyau Azure turkos, da bugawa duk da yawon bude ido.

girman kai injiniyoyi

Project ci gaba da kuma gudanar da bincike damar da Sulak River ne Glavgidrostroya Moscow reshe na Tarayyar Soviet. Ya kuma a shekara ta 1933, na farko daftarin na wani kankare baka-nauyi Dam, aka samarwa. Duk da haka, kawai a shekarar 1962, a lokacin da suka dauki sama da ma'aikata na "Lengidroproekt", ya kara da musamman gadon kwana na jirgin ƙasa yayin da daftarin tube da kuma wuri na raka'a a jeri biyu, da aikin da ya tsirfanta da matakin na} ir} model. A wannan yanayin, da dam rami tsawon an karu da kusan rabin kuma lissafta 730 mita. Yau da tashar, wanda aka located a cikin seismically m yanki, sanye take da zamani masu auna sigina rajista aiki a cikin ƙasa ta ɓawon burodi. Kuma kasa da kasa Control Hukumar a yankin na nukiliya gwaji da kuma dabarun da makamai (hedkwatar a Austria) a 2013 ya ba da mafi girma da rating tashar aikin a matsayin seysmologobezopasnomu.

A mafi girma a Rasha

Kamar yadda aka ambata riga, da baka dam HPP Chirkeyskaya a saman 25 daga cikin mafi girma a tsaye a kan ta goma sha ɗaya wuri a duniya. Kuma shi ne mafi girma a kasar Rasha. Arched dam tashar sanye take da hudu radial axial raka'a wanda aka tsara domin matsa lamba na ruwa taro a 170 mita.

makamashi darajar

Chirkey HPP, wanda buga da photo size da kuma kyakkyawa, daya daga cikin tashoshin na Dagestan reshe na JSC "RusHydro". A tashar ne mafi iko a Arewa Caucasus, ta shigar damar 10,000 MW, kuma ga lokaci na aiki, shi ya ci gaba fiye da 88 biliyan kWh na wutar lantarki. Marinjãya a cikin cascade na kananan HPPs a Dagestan, shi ne wani kaya iko a fadin kudu na Rasha ikon Grid a ganiya mataki. Chirkey tashar - wani irin "taimakon farko" a gaggawa yanayi da zai yiwu gazawar da thermal ikon shuke-shuke. Shi ne iya rama asarar da iko a cikin ikon da dukan ƙasar.

ruwa tsari aiki

A nisa da tushe na HPS Chirkei ba iyakance ga ruwa sallama halaye. By daidaitawa da ruwa ya kwarara a cikin kogi Sulak, shi rinjayar da wasan kwaikwayon na muhimmi tashoshin da aikin wani ruwa alama don sararin yankunan kusa da tashar. Tafki kafa ta Dam, shi ne mai muhimmanci da tushen sabo ruwa ga bukatun na yawan jama'ar, kazalika ga masana'antu amfani. The musamman da suka bambanta da dam ba kawai gane kamar yadda duniya ikon masana'antu, amma muhalli.

Mun gina duniya

Domin shekaru 17 (1963-1980) mafi girma zai yiwu gudun, tare da taimako na aiki m daga ko'ina cikin Tarayyar Soviet a cikin dam jiki Chirkeyskaya HPP aka aza fiye da miliyan 1.5 cubic mita kankare. Overlapping kogin da aka za'ayi amfani da wani m Hanyar fashewa tare da kwane-kwane da wani falalen dũtse guntu. cajin a total na 37 ton na fashewar. Seismological rashin zaman lafiya da kuma wani bala'in girgizar kasa a shekarar 1970, a lokacin da gini tsaya na tsawon har zuwa watanni shida, kuma kawo matsaloli da dama na. Amma, a 1981, da tashar samar da wutar lantarki na farko a cike iya aiki.

Gidrostroevskie daular

Village tauraron dan adam itatuwa Station aka halitta a shekarar 1960 domin magina daga duk jamhuriyoyin tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet da kuma aka tsara don wani yawan game da 10 da mutane dubu. Riƙe da ababen more rayuwa da kuma a yau - uku preschools, daya makaranta, biyu cinemas da Palace of Culture, wani asibiti hadaddun da wani na cikin gida pool. By karshen yi aiki a kan hydroelectric izini wani reshe factory domin samar da lantarki da kayayyaki da kuma tufa masana'antu. A kauyen live magina daular tashar - iyaye gina, da yara gama ginin da jikoki aiki a kan hydroelectric iko. A zamani kauyen itatuwan oak - shi ne wani administrative naúrar na Kazbek gundumar. A gwamnati goyon baya ga bunkasa Multi-kasa al'adu al'ummu, wasanni tasowa da kuma aiwatar da hanyoyin da na gida gwamnatin. An misali ne nasara kamun kifi, wanda a kansa ya zama alama na yankin.

Kifi, sturgeon da kuma sauran nau'in kifi

Babu yawon shakatawa a kan Chirkeyskaya HPP ne cikakken ba tare da wata ziyarar aiki a cikin kifi gona, shirya a matsayin na biyu. M bayani na gida gwamnati a cikin kungiyar na kifi gona ba kawai bayar da ayyukan yi ga mazauna yankin, amma kuma samar da muhalli da sabis. Herbivorous kifi zamulivanie hana magudanun ruwa da wurin. A gona samar fingerlings raisings a tafki, kuma shimfidawa a musamman daruna. Industrial kiwon kifi ne da wuya da kuma lokacin cinyewa, amma a cikin wannan hali shi ne misalin m da ingantaccen amfani da samuwa albarkatun. Golden kifi - capricious da whimsical kifi, ga wanda duk yanayi da ake halitta a nan. Kuma wannan ruwan famfo, da kuma ganiya zazzabi, da kuma musamman feed, wanda saya a Moscow kanta. Biyar kududdufai farm bred kuma har yanzu da sauran muhimmanci da kasuwanci nau'in kifi (Siberian sturgeon hybrids Bester da bakan gizo kifi). Wannan na farko da kwarewa na kiwon kifi a arewacin Dagestan ya cin nasara da kuma alamar rahama. Da tsare-tsaren dubkintsev fadada samar da kuma ƙara da yawon shakatawa kyawawa na yankin.

ci gaba na yawon shakatawa

Kamar kowane makamashi makaman Chirkey GES - modal abu na ƙara hatsari da kuma inganta kariya. Ziyartar shi ne kawai zai yiwu a wani tsari kungiyar. Amma ko da idan ka kasance mai yawon shakatawa a kan wani aure "kasa na duwãtsu", ya kamata ka je da tashar da kuma ji dadin kyau na dutse circus Sulak kanyon da baba misali sanyi dutsen serpentine. Wannan m gini a tsakiyar Multi-ton kankara dole dũka da karfi na mutum tunani da kuma aiki, da kuma la'akari da rawar da mutãne, a cikin rãyuwar duniya da kuma tasiri na mu a kan ayyukan ta dũkiya.