Dawes Shirin matsayin hanyar tattalin arziki farfado da na Jamus a tsakiyar 1920s

Bayan da shan kashi na Jamus Empire da yarjejeniyar da aka sanya hannu Versailles a yakin duniya na farko na 1914-1918. By ta sharuddan, Jamus ya biya reparations zuwa kasashe na Entente. A size da kuma diyya zamani ne ba daidai kayyade yarjejeniya. A 2-3 shekaru, Jamus da aka fuskanci tattalin arziki matsaloli. A 1924, da Dawes Shirin da aka tsara don mayar da ma'auni na biya na Jamus tattalin arzikin.

Franco-German adawa a Ruhr yanki

Daya daga cikin kasashen da dogara gyara, ya France. Lokacin da Jamus bayan da farkon mai tsanani tattalin arziki da rikicin, da matsaloli fara tare da biyan reparations, shugaban kasar Poincare yanke shawarar shigar da sojojin Faransa a Ruhr yankin. Kamar yadda ka sani, da Ruhr - shi ne mafi hanya mai arzikin yankin na Jamus. Akwai daban-daban maki na ci mined, wanda a lokacin da aka yi amfani da ko'ina a cikin masana'antu, da kuma a kan reluwe. Faransa mamayewa na Jamus ƙasa da dama manufofin:

• tabbatar da m samar da reparation biya zuwa Faransa.
• damar yin amfani da Jamusanci albarkatun for Faransa industrialists.
• weakening na da tasiri na Ingila da Amurka a Turai siyasa.

Jamus juriya dade 8 months. A cikin kaka na shekarar 1923, da Jamusanci gwamnati ƙare kudade domin yaki da Faransa bazuwa. France kokarin iko da Jamus da kanta, wadda aka ba kunshe a cikin tsare-tsaren na sauran shugabannin duniya.

Aikin hukumar na masana domin nazarin halin da ake ciki kudi na Jamus

A watan Nuwamba shekarar 1923, al'ummar kasa da kasa ta kafa wani kwamiti, wanda daga baya ci gaba da Dawes Shirin. Da ayyukan da hukumar halarci sana'a tattalin arziki daga kasashen Turai, kazalika da mutum masana daga Amurka. A jikin tsarin da aka halitta kwamitocin biyu. A farko ya yi aiki a kan sabuntawa na Jamus kudin. Da ikon yinsa, daga cikin biyu division kunshi search queries komawa dama a cikin kasar babban birnin kasar, samu a kasashen waje. Wannan kudi na iya shugabanci ga farfado da tattalin arziki, saboda kawai nasara ci gaban tattalin arziki na Jamus iya samar da reparations.

Ci gaba da kuma tallafi na Entente dabarun

14 Janairu, 1924 a London, ya bude wani taro na kwamitin masana. Ya gangarawa da gwani al'umma American lauya Charles Dawes. Kafin ya shiga cikin kwamitin 'yan kwanaki a rukuni na gogaggen financiers da aka gudanar a Jamus domin nazarin real hoto na matakin na tattalin arziki. A kan tushen da data samu an ɓullo da wani rahoto wanda aka sanya jama'a a wani taro a London.

Idan muka magana game da Dawes Shirin A takaice, ya warware matsalar tanadi solvency na Jamus tattalin arzikin domin biyan reparations. Tsarin da rahoton da aka raba kashi uku. A farko da ra'ayin shi ne cewa gyara - shi ne kawai da waje bashi na Jamus ta Yamma abokan, ba wata hanya da azãba ga wahalhalu da cewa Entente kasashen samu a lokacin yaki.

Dawes shirin kira don samar da bashi ga farfadowar tattalin arzikin Jamus a cikin adadin miliyan 800 da alãmarsu. Babban bambancin dake tsakanin wannan bashi daga yanzu shirye-shirye co-samo kasashen da IMF ya cewa Jamus shige musamman haraji kwamishinoni da ikon sarrafa kasafin kudin. Bugu da kari, da Company halitta na musamman, wanda aka nuna a cikin management na Railway tsarin a Jamus domin shekaru 40. A gaskiya ma, iko a kan dabarun site shige cikin zaman kansa hannuwanku. Iko a kan kudi da gwamnati ma rasa saboda da hakkin ya buga kudin samu wani musamman kafa banki, wanda shi karkashin Allied iko. Dawes Shirin ma ya kafa wani babban haraji a kan yawan jama'a. Babban kafofin da samuwar reparative kudi sun kamfanoni da kudin shiga da jihar kasafin kudin.

A sakamakon na Allied siyasa

A tallafi na Dawes Shirin ya duka biyu tabbatacce kuma mummunan sakamakon da kasashen Turai. Aka samu:

• dattako da tattalin arziki halin da ake ciki a Jamus.
• ci gaba reparation biya.

Korau da maki:

• impoverishment na yawan;
• gabatarwar da ban ciwo haraji ga yawan jagoranci wani Yunƙurin a matakin rashin amincewa moods a cikin al'umma;
• zuwa ga iko a shekara ta 1933, jam'iyyar na Nazis da Adolf Hitler.