Electromagnetic oscillations - jigon fahimtar

Oscillation, kamar yadda wani category na jiki wakilci, shi ne daya daga cikin muhimman matsalolin da kimiyyar lissafi da kuma aka ƙaddara a general tsari a matsayin wani iterative aiwatar canjãwa wasu jiki yawa. Idan wadannan canje-canje aka maimaita, yana nufin cewa akwai wani lokaci ta hanyar abin da na jiki yawa daukan wannan darajar. Wannan tazarar lokaci ne da ake kira tsawon oscillation.

Kuma a gaskiya, me ya sa jinkirin? Haka ne, domin idan muka gyara darajar wannan yawa misali a lokacin T1, lokacin CA za ta yi wani daban-daban darajar, misali, zai kara, da kuma wani lokaci da shi za su yi girma a sake. Amma da karuwa ba zai iya zama na har abada, saboda a wani iterative tsari, akwai ta zo a daidai lokacin da jiki yawa ake bukata da za a maimaita, watau, sake daukar wannan darajar a matsayin a lokacin T1, ko da yake a cikin tsarin lokaci ne riga lokaci T2.

Abin da ya canza? Lokaci. Na wuce daya lokaci lokaci wanda za a maimaita a matsayin boko nesa tsakanin guda dabi'u na jiki yawa. Kuma abin da ya faru ga jiki yawa a lokacin wannan lokaci - lokaci? Na'am, shi ke lafiya, ta kawai sanya daya lilo - zo cikakken sake zagayowar na canje-canje - daga matsakaicin zuwa m darajar. Idan a cikin aiwatar da canza daga lokaci zuwa T1 T2 da aka rubuta, bambanci T = T2-T1 ba na lamba magana lokaci.

A misali mai kyau na oscillation tsari - a spring Pendulum. Sinker motsa up - saukar, kan aiwatar da aka maimaita, da kuma darajar wani jiki yawa, misali, da tsawo daga cikin Pendulum daga, dabam tsakanin wani matsakaicin kuma wani m darajar.

Description oscillation aiwatar hada da duniya sigogi ga oscillation na wani hali. Wannan na iya zama inji, electromagnetic taguwar ruwa, da dai sauransu A wannan yanayin, shi ne ko da yaushe da muhimmanci a fahimta cewa oscillation tsari ga ta zama ba, dole ya shafi biyu abubuwa, kowanne daga abin da zai iya samu da kuma / ko ba makamashi - Waɗannan su ne sosai guda inji ko electromagnetic, wanda aka tattauna a sama. A kowane lokaci, daya daga cikin abubuwa ba da makamashi, da kuma na biyu daukan. Kamar wancan znergiya canza ta ainihi a kan wani abu sosai irin wannan, amma ba wannan. Saboda haka, da samar da makamashi na Pendulum, an canza kama zuwa makamashi na matsa spring, kuma suka canza daga lokaci zuwa lokaci a lokacin oscillation, warware madawwami tambaya na cinikayya - wani wanda ya dauke-saukar da, watau, ba ko don adana makamashi.

Electromagnetic oscillations a cikin suna riga ya ƙunshi wani tunani zuwa membobin da ƙawance - lantarki da kuma Magnetic filin, da kuma masu riko da wadannan filayen ne sananne capacitors da inductors. Haɗa zuwa wani lantarki kewaye, su dokoki ne da oscillation kewaye, cikinsa da makamashi canja aka yi a wannan hanyar kamar yadda a cikin Pendulum - lantarki da makamashi capacitor Saide a inductor Magnetic filin da kuma mataimakin versa.

Idan tsarin-inductance capacitor kansa da kansa, da kuma shi ka fito electromagnetic taguwar ruwa, iddarsu ne m da sigogi da tsarin, watau, inductance da capacitance - wasu ba. Kawai sa, to "zuba" makamashi daga tushen, misali, da capacitor (kuma har yanzu suna da wata s analogue na da sunan da - "iya aiki"), a cikin inductance, kana bukatar ka ciyar lokaci gwargwado ga adadin adana makamashi, t.e.emkosti. A gaskiya, da darajar da wannan "iya aiki" yake da siga da kayyade lokaci na oscillation. More iya aiki, karin makamashi - makamashi canja wurin daukan tsawon, mafi tsawo lokaci na electromagnetic oscillations.

Abin da ake jiki yawa suna kunshe a cikin sa, shine abubuwan da bayanin da electromagnetic filin a dukan siffofin, ciki har da lokacin da oscillatory matakai? Wannan filin aka gyara: cajin, yanzu, halin maganaɗisu shigar da irin ƙarfin lantarki. Ya kamata a lura da cewa electromagnetic taguwar ruwa - mai fadi da kewayon mamaki da mu ayan shirki, game da juna da wuya, ko da yake yana da guda mahaluži. Da kuma yadda suka bambanta? A farko bambanci tsakanin wani oscillation wani - shi ne su lokaci tattauna a sama abu. A aikin injiniya da kuma kimiyya a ce game da cudanya da lokaci darajar, da mita - da yawan oscillations da na biyu. A tsarin naúrar na mita - hertz.

Saboda haka, dukan kewayon electromagnetic taguwar ruwa - da jerin mita na electromagnetic radiation wanda propagate cikin sarari.

Conventionally, akwai da wadannan sassan:

- igiyoyin rediyo - da na band daga 30 kHz zuwa 3000GGts.

- infrared haskoki - tare da ƙara rabo fiye da hasken watsi;

- a bayyane haske.

- hasken ultraviolet - rabo daga guntu fiye da watsi da haske;

- X-haskoki.

- gamma haskoki.

A dukan kewayon radiation ba ne electromagnetic radiation na daya yanayi amma daban-daban mita. A fashewa a cikin sassan ne zalla utilitarian hali, wanda ake shibtarsu ta saukaka fasaha da kimiyya aikace-aikace.