Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma: magani, hangen nesa

Rhabdomyosarcoma tana nufin wani nau'i na sarcoma - taushi nama ciwon daji, kashi ko connective nama. A ƙari ne mafi kusantar su faru ne a cikin tsokoki a haɗe da ƙasũsuwa. Rhabdomyosarcoma - malignancy samo asali a cikin kwarangwal tsoka. Sun fara a kowane daya sashi na jiki, ko a wurare da dama.

Microscopically rhabdomyosarcoma a manya yana da nau'i na elongated ko taso keya Kwayoyin m. More halayyar wannan ƙari na yarantaka.

iri rhabdomyosarcoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma na ciki tsarin kasu kashi daban:

1. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma Kwayoyin kunshi zagaye da kuma fusiform wanda gudanar da bincike cytoplasm nuna a tsaye, ko mai gangara striations. Wannan irin rhabdomyosarcoma faruwa more sau da yawa. Yana bayyana embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma a yara da kuma samartaka. An located a wuyansa, ko shugaban, a kan al'aurar, a cikin nasopharynx. Ji na ƙwarai marurai zuwa radiation far, amma shi ne yiwuwa ga m cutar ta koma dawowa.

2. alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma aka hada da wani rukuni na sel zagaye da kuma m, wanda aka kewaye da Septa na connective nama. Domin irin wannan marurai halin bayyanar a kan kafafu ko makamai, ciki, da nono, tsuliya ko al'aura gabobin. Sau da yawa da shi za a iya samu a matasa da kuma manya a kan wata gabar jiki. Hangen nesa ne matalauci.

3. Abun da ke ciki pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma - polymorphic dogara sanda-dimbin yawa, kintinkiri-kamar, star-dimbin yawa sel da ƙari wanda zai iya bayyana a kan ƙafãfu ko hannun mutane. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, rhabdomyosarcoma girma ya auku da sauri kuma ba sa jin zafi da kuma aikin cuta. Yana auku kawai jijiyoyinmu. Su sau da yawa girma ta hanyar fata da kuma rufe sores, forming exophytic, zub da jini ƙari.

hadarin dalilai

Daga cikin muhalli dalilai samu irin wannan, da cewa kara yiwuwar aukuwar wannan ƙari. Wannan ya bambanta daga mafi rhabdomyosarcoma ciwon daji.

Saboda gaskiya cewa ba daidai sani Sanadin ƙari ci gaba, ba za mu iya ba da wani shawara ga guje wa da samuwar. Duk da haka, dole ne mu tuna cewa kai tare da isasshen magani na marasa lafiya da rhabdomyosarcoma iya, wani lokacin za gaba daya warke.

Hadarin dalilai domin bayyanar da amfrayo rhabdomyosarcoma ne irin genetically niyya cututtuka:

1. Li-Fraumeni ciwo ne mai rare cuta a cikin abin da suka gaji hali, gene lalacewa a lokacin da ya bace iyaye daya zuwa high mita bambancin ƙari iri tashi. Gado a cikin wannan Pathology daukar kwayar cutar bayani dalla-dalla na ƙari nama halayen lokacin da cika fuska qara Yiwuwar tasowa marurai tun da wuri. (30 years).

2. Neurofibromatosis farko da irin - ya fi na kowa gaji cuta da cewa yana sa bayyanar da predisposition zuwa malignancy.

3. Syndrome Beckwith-Wiedemann - Pathology, wanda aka halin macrosomia, macroglossia da omphalocele. Shi ne kuma ya bayyana matsalar yara na gaba bango na ciki, hernia, neonatal hypoglycaemia, da bambanta rarrabuwar na rectus tsokoki.

4. Costello ciwo - a rare cuta, wanda aka halin nakasar malformations: girma retardation, m fuska siffofin, fata canje-canje.

5. Noonan ta ciwo - a kayyade cuta halin da gajeren jiki ga abin da sabawa da a somatic ci gaba. Yana iya faruwa a cikin iyali, ko a wani na members.

Babies wanda ya haihuwa nauyi da girma, da fiye da wasu, da hadarin embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, duk da haka, Sanadin embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma ne ba a sani ba. A alama da cuta ne bayyanar da wani ƙari zama ƙara.

cututtuka

Symptomatology da cutar ciwon daji ne m. Ake bukata nan da nan tuntubar likita idan yara sun jera ãyõyin ciwon daji:

• edema ko kumburi, da kara a size, ko ba wucewa, wani lokacin mai raɗaɗi.
• bulging idanu.
• mai tsanani da ciwon kai.
• wahala da defecation kuma urination.
• jini a fitsari.
• zub da jini a cikin dubura, hanci da makogwaro.

bincikowa da

Don kwanan wata, ɓullo da hanyoyin for kayyade rhabdomyosarcoma har ta farko overt bayyanar cututtuka.

A farkon alamun ciwon daji - gida kumburi ko induration, ba ya haifar da matsaloli a farko ko zafi. Wannan alama ne halayyar rhabdomyosarcoma, makamai, kafafu da kuma jiki.

Idan ƙari da aka sarrafa a cikin ciki, ko kuma pelvic yanki na iya haifar da ciwon mara, amai ko maƙarƙashiya. Yana embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma na retroperitoneal sarari. More wuya, masu tasowa, a cikin biliary fili, rhabdomyosarcoma sa jaundice.

Idan akwai tuhuma da wannan ƙari, shi wajibi ne don gudanar da wani biopsy, wanda zai saka irin rhabdomyosarcoma samo asali.

A mafi yawan lokuta, rhabdomyosarcoma taso a wuraren an sauƙi gano, misali, hanci kogo ko waje da eyeball. Idan bulging idanu, ko hanci secretions bayyana, ya kamata ka nan da nan tuntubar likita da ake zargin ƙari da za a kamu a wani wuri mataki na cin gaban su. A cikin akwati inda rhabdomyosarcoma bayyana a kan surface na jiki, an sauƙi gano ba tare da wani bincike. Wannan ake kira embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma taushi nama.

A 30% na marasa lafiya da embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma ne a wani wuri mataki a lokacin da shi za a iya cire gaba daya. Amma mafi yawan marasa lafiya daki-daki jarrabawa bayyana kananan metastases, magani na wanda bukatar gaban jiyyar cutar sankara.

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, wanda aka located a cikin gwaiwa yankin sau da yawa samar a kananan yara da kuma samu da yaron ya iyaye a lokacin da wanka. Idan marurai da faruwa a cikin urinary fili, da suka sa wahala a urination ko na jini sallama - bayyanar cututtuka da cewa ba za a iya watsi da.

ƙari mataki

1. A mataki na farko. A ƙari iya zama wani size, amma ba ta riga ta bazu zuwa Lymph nodes da tsarin da aka located in daya daga cikin prognostically m yankunan na jiki:

- idanu ko periocular yanki.

- kai da wuya (ban da nama a cikin kwakwalwa da kuma laka yankin).

- da bile ducts da kuma gall mafitsara.

- a cikin mahaifa, ko kuma golaye.

Places waje da aka jera, suna dauke fi karfinsu yankunan.

2. A mataki na biyu. Kumburi ne daya daga cikin unfavorable zones (zones wanda aka rasa a cikin m). Ƙari size ne kasa da 5 cm kuma bai yaɗu zuwa Lymph nodes ya faru.

3. Na uku mataki. A ƙari aka located in a maƙiya yankin, da kuma saduwa da daya daga cikin wadannan yanayi:

- da girman da ƙari kasa da 5 cm, kuma shi da aka yada a kan gaba Lymph nodes.

- da ƙari ne ya fi girma fiye da 5 cm, kuma akwai hadarin cewa shi zai watsu cikin mafi kusantar Lymph kumburi.

4. Na hudu mataki. Ƙari size iya zama wani abu, kuma shi da aka yada zuwa Lymph nodes gaba. Akwai ya kasance mai yaduwar ciwon daji don m yankunan na jiki.

hadarin kungiyoyin

Sanya haƙuri hadarin kungiyar kayyade alama na komawa da rhabdomyosarcoma. Duk wani yaro wanda ya yi na'am da magani daga embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, dole sami ƙarin jiyyar cutar sankara zama kasa alama na ƙari komawa. View anticancer miyagun ƙwayoyi, da kuma sashi yawan zaman - duk da wannan ne m da hadarin ga wani yaro ya kira - low, tsaka-tsaki ko high.

magani zažužžukan

Marasa lafiya da embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma za a iya bi a hanyoyi daban-daban.
Jiyya ya shafi m marurai raba methodologies wanda aka dauke su gargajiya. Sauran dabaru ne a karkashin gwajinsu. Gwajinsu sun koma ga inganta data kasance hanyoyin da zalunta ko kara adadin data daga cikin sabuwar hanyoyin da zalunta marasa lafiya da rhabdomyosarcoma. Idan a sakamakon gwajinsu, ta bayyana cewa sabuwar hanyoyin magani ne mafĩfĩta gargajiya, da sabon magani da ke shiga cikin category na gargajiya.

Tun da m marurai ayan bayyana a fagage daban-daban na jiki, ya shafi wani babban yawan jiyya. Jiyya na rhabdomyosarcoma a yara kulawan yara oncologist.

Daga cikin hanyoyin da magani, akwai wasu da za a iya sa illa, ko a lokacin da magani shude tun lokaci mai tsawo.

tiyata

M hanya, ko kau da ƙari, an yadu amfani da magani daga rhabdomyosarcoma. Wannan aiki da aka kira wani "m gida excision". Wannan tsangwama ne a cire sashi na ƙari kuma kewaye nama tare da Lymph nodes cewa kuma rinjayar rhabdomyosarcoma. Jiyya wani lokacin ne yin da dama ayyukan. A yanke shawara a kan ganawa da aiki da kuma ta irin dogara da wadannan dalilai:

- sanya asali wuri na ƙari.

- wani yaro ayyuka na jiki fama da ciwon daji.

- ƙari mayar da martani ga radiotherapy, ko jiyyar cutar sankara, wanda za a iya amfani da a kan wani fifiko akai.

Mafi yawa daga cikin yara kau da duka girma da ƙari da aikin tiyata ne ba zai yiwu.

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma taushi nama o ƙarin da za a kafa a wurare daban-daban na jiki, kowanne daga abin da bukatar da kansa aiki. M baki aka nuna a yanayin saukan rhabdomyosarcoma al'aurar ko idanu, idan biopsy tabbatar da ganewar asali. Kafin aiki za a iya sanya jiyyar cutar sankara ko radiotherapy don rage manyan marurai, wanda ba za a iya sarrafa a kan, ya rage wuya da aiki na cire ciwon daji.

Ko da likita ba zai iya cire duka ƙari, marasa lafiya a karshen na aiki ya kamata a hõre jiyyar cutar sankara ga kashe ciwon daji Kwayoyin zauna da rai. Tare da jiyyar cutar sankara, radiation far da ake amfani. Jiyya da nufin rage kasadar komowa da cutar da ake kira adjuvant far.

radiation far

Tare da irin wannan magani amfani da X-ray ko wasu radiation. Radiation far directed a wani abu, to kashe ƙari Kwayoyin ko don dakatar da ci gaban. Its aikace-aikace a magani sun samu hanyoyi biyu don radiotherapy - waje da ciki.

External yana amfani da wani radiation tushen waje da jikin mutum domin irradiating da ƙari. Ciki radiation far ko brachytherapy irradiates ƙari tare da jeri na rediyoaktif abubuwa a cikin nan da nan kusanci na ciki na jikin mutum. Ana amfani da su bi mafitsara ciwon daji, kai da wuya, prostate, vulva.

Irin radiation far da kashi ƙaddara da yaro ta shekaru da kuma irin ƙari, ta sa hannu sarrafawa amma kuma a gaban saura ƙari kuma mataki na ƙari rejista mafi kusa Lymph nodes bayan tiyata.

jiyyar cutar sankara

Wannan irin ciwon daji magani da cewa yana amfani da magunguna don dakatar da ci gaban da ciwon daji Kwayoyin. Jiyyar cutar sankara kwayoyi taimaka kashe wadannan Kwayoyin, ko don kauce wa rabo. A tsari jiyyar cutar sankara kwayoyi da ake dauka baki ko allura intravenously ko intramuscularly. Isa a jini, da kwayoyi shafi ciwon daji Kwayoyin a ko'ina cikin jiki. Lokacin da na yankuna jiyyar cutar sankara kwayoyi suna allura kai tsaye a cikin gabobin da kuma jiki cavities, kazalika a cikin cerebrospinal ruwa. Hade jiyyar cutar sankara ne sau da yawa amfani, wanda shi ne mai lura da cewa an yi amfani da fiye da daya anti-ciwon daji miyagun ƙwayoyi. jiyyar cutar sankara Hanyar da aka zaba a dangane da irin da kuma mataki na ci gaba da neoplasm.

Jiyyar cutar sankara da aka nuna don kowane yaro wanda ake bi da ga rhabdomyosarcoma. Yana ba ka damar rage girman da alama na cuta komawa. A zabi na magani, da kashi da kuma yawan hanyoyin tsare hadarin kungiyar rhabdomyosarcoma.

New jiyya

New iri magani rhabdomyosarcoma, wucewa da gwajin:

• Manyan allurai da jiyyar cutar sankara a tare da dauke da fitar kara cell dashi. A hanyar sa shi yiwuwa don tsara maye hematopoietic Kwayoyin cewa an halaka su a lokacin da cutar daji. M jini Kwayoyin suna cire kafin lura da bargo, ko kuma jini na wani haƙuri kuma kiyaye su. By karshen jiyyar cutar sankara raskonserviruyut conserved kara Kwayoyin da kuma koma ga mãsu haƙuri da jiko. Kamar wancan ne da maikacin jini ya regenerate.
• Immunotherapy. A lokacin da wannan irin magani domin yaki da ciwon daji ta amfani da tsarin na rigakafi na haƙuri. Gudanar kwayoyi ne don inganta ko mayar da na halitta defenses da ciwon daji. Wannan magani an kira biotherapy na siffofin maruran.
• Niyya far. Wannan irin far ne directed da metastasis. Niyya far dogara ne a kan yin amfani da takamaiman antibodies cewa daura wa ciwon daji Kwayoyin. Wadannan antibodies ne kama da na al'ada antibodies na jikin mutum. Kamar haka suka wakilci a high-tech miyagun ƙwayoyi. Godiya ga niyya far da magani daga "sunadarai" za a iya samu don kai farmaki kawai ciwon daji Kwayoyin ba tare da cutar da lafiya Kwayoyin. Lokacin da rhabdomyosarcoma a angiogenesis hanawa ake amfani da manufa far. Wadannan kwayoyi hana samuwar jini a siffofin maruran. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa gaskiya cewa ƙari starves da Tashoshi girma. Angiogenesis hanawa da kuma monoclonal antibodies - daban na jamiái jurewa gwajinsu for iko da amfrayo rhabdomyosarcoma.