Fashewar na atomic bam da ginshikai na mataki

Fashewar na atomic bam ne daya daga cikin mafi ban mamaki, m kuma da ban tsoro tsari. The aiki manufa da makaman nukiliya dogara ne a kan sarkar dauki. Wannan shi ne irin wannan tsari, da sosai hanya wadda qaga ta ci gaba. The aiki manufa na hydrogen bam dogara ne a kan makaman nukiliya dauki kira.

A-bam

A nuclei na wasu isotopes na rediyoaktif abubuwa (plutonium, californium, uranium, da dai sauransu) ne iya rarrabu, haka kamawa a neutron. Bayan da ta fi fice wani biyu ko uku neutrons. Rushewar da za ta tsakiya zarra a karkashin manufa yanayi na iya haifar da rarrabuwa na biyu ko uku more, da bi da bi za su iya fararwa wasu kwayoyin halitta. Da sauransu. Karaya auku ambaliyar ruwa aiwatar kara yawan nuclei to saki makamashi discontinuity adadin giant atomic shaidu. Tare da fashewa da babban makamashi sake for ultra-kananan lokaci. Wannan ya auku a wani guda batu. Saboda haka, fashewar na atomic bam yana da iko da kuma hallakaswa.

Don fara da sarkar dauki shi wajibi ne cewa adadin rediyoaktif abu ya wuce da m taro. Babu shakka, akwai buƙatar ka kai 'yan guda na uranium ko plutonium da kuma hada a cikin daya. Duk da haka, don jawo fashewa da atomic bam, wannan bai isa ba, saboda da dauki tsaya a nan kafin ware isasshen adadin kuzari, ko da tsari zai zama jinkirin. Domin ci, dole ne ka wuce wani mawuyacin taro na al'amarin, da kuma yi shi a cikin wani sosai kananan lokaci. Zai fi kyau amfani da 'yan daga cikin m taro. Wannan shi ne cimma ta hanyar amfani da wasu bama-bamai. Haka kuma, a madadin azumin da kuma jinkirin nakiyoyi.

A farko gwajin makaman nukiliya da aka gudanar a watan Yuli na shekarar 1945 a Amurka a kusa da garin Almogordo. A watan Agusta na wannan shekara, Amirkawa amfani da wadannan makamai da Japan biranen Hiroshima da kuma Nagasaki. Fashewar na atomic bam a birnin ya kai ga muguwar halaka da kuma mutuwar mafi yawan jama'a. A Tarayyar Soviet da makaman nukiliya da aka halitta da kuma gwada a 1949.

H-bam

A hydrogen bam ne da makami mai girma hallakaswa ikon. A ka'ida ta aiki dogara ne a kan Fusion dauki, wanda shi ne mai kira da m nuclei nauyi hydrogen sunadaran helium. Kamar wancan akwai wani saki sosai yawa makamashi. Wannan dauki kama da matakai da faruwa a cikin Sun kuma sauran taurari. Fusion mafi sauki wuce ta amfani da isotopes na hydrogen (tritium ko deuterium) da kuma lithium.

Test farko hydrogen warhead Amirkawa kashe a cikin shekara ta 1952. A zamani ji wannan na'urar iya wuya a kira wani bam. Shi ne mai uku-labarin ginin cike da ruwa deuterium. A farko fashewa a hydrogen bam a Tarayyar Soviet da aka za'ayi watanni shida baya. Soviet thermonuclear warhead RDS-6 hura tashi a watan Agusta 1953 at Semipalatinsk. The most hydrogen bam damar 50 megatons (Tsar Bomb) Tarayyar Soviet samu a 1961. Kalaman bayan fashewa da harsasai circled duniya sau uku.