Fayil tsarin - abin da yake da shi? A NTFS fayil tsarin, mai, raw, UDF

A tsarin aiki, ban da duk wasu ayyuka, cika ta babban manufar - don tsara aikin takamaiman tsarin da bayanai. Domin wadannan dalilai, da fayil tsarin da ake amfani. Mene ne fayil tsarin da kuma abin da zai iya zama, kazalika da sauran bayanai game da shi za a bayar da baya.

janar description

Fayil tsarin ne wani ɓangare daga cikin tsarin aiki, wanda shi ne alhakin masauki, ajiya da kuma shafewa na bayanai a kafofin watsa labarai, bayar da masu amfani da aikace-aikace na wannan bayanai, kazalika da tabbatar da ta amintaccen amfani. Bugu da kari, shi ne m, a tanadi data idan akwai hardware ko software gazawar. Saboda haka muhimmanci fayil tsarin. Mene ne fayil tsarin da kuma abin da zai iya zama? Akwai da dama iri:

- for wuya DISKs, watau na'urorin da bazuwar damar.

- ga kaset, watau serial na'urar.

- for Tantancewar data dako.

- rumfa tsarin.

- Network sistemy.5

Kamar yadda mai ma'ana ajiya naúrar a cikin fayil tsarin ne fayil, shi ne wani umurni da ya kafa data ciwon wasu sunan. Duk da data amfani da tsarin aiki, gabatar a cikin nau'i na fayiloli: shirye-shirye, hotuna, texts, music, videos, kazalika da direbobi, dakunan karatu, da sauransu. Kowane irin rabi yana da wani sunan, irin, tsawo, halaye, da kuma size. Saboda haka, yanzu ka san abin da fayil. Fayil tsarin ne mai sa na irin wannan abubuwa, da kuma hanyoyin aiki tare da su. Dangane da tsari a cikin abin da shi da ake amfani da abin da ka'idojin yi amfani da shi, za mu iya bambanta da dama na asali iri filesystem.

programmatic m

Saboda haka, idan muka yi la'akari da fayil tsarin (cewa shi ne da kuma yadda za a yi aiki tare da shi), shi ne ake bukata a lura da cewa wannan shi ne wani Multi-matakin tsarin a cikin babba matakin akwai wani canji fayil tsarin, wanda ya samar da wani karamin aiki tsakanin tsarin da musamman aikace-aikace. Yana sabobin tuba cikin queries ga fayiloli a wani format da aka gani na gaba matakin - direbobi. Su, bi da bi, koma zuwa takamaiman na'urar direbobi, wanda ajiye zama dole bayani.

A abokin ciniki-uwar garke aikace-aikace don fayil tsarin cika bukatun quite high. Modern tsarin an tsara su don samar da tasiri access, goyon baya ga babban kundin na kafofin watsa labarai data kariya da samun dama marar izini, da adana mutunci bayanai.

Kitsen fayil tsarin

Wannan irin da aka ɓullo da a 1977 ta Bill Gates da kuma Marc McDonald. Da farko, an yi amfani da tsarin aiki 86-DOS. Idan muka magana game da abin da wani mai fayil tsarin, shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa da farko ta bai iya tallafawa wuya tafiyarwa, da kuma yi aiki kawai da m kafofin watsa labarai har zuwa 1 megabyte. Yanzu wannan hanin ne m, amma wannan filesystem amfani da "Microsoft" for Microsoft MS-DOS 1.0 ko daga baya. Kitsen amfani da wasu yarjejeniyoyi cikin sharuddan fayil sunayen:

- a farkon sunan dole ne wata wasika ko lambobi, da kuma a cikin shi za a iya samu halartar wani ascii hali, ban da sararin samaniya da kuma musamman abubuwa.

- The sunan dole ba fiye da 8 haruffa, bayan wani lokaci, da kuma fadada da kara nuna cewa kunshi uku haruffa;

- a fayil sunayen iya zama wani hali, shi ba ya bambanta da aka ba da ceto.

Tun asali mai da aka tsara don guda-mai amfani da tsarin aiki DOS, shi bai samar domin ajiya na bayanai a kan mai ko samun izini. A lokacin, da fayil tsarin da aka yada a mafi karfi, a sãɓãwar launukansa digiri, shi ne goyan bayan mafi zamani Tsarukan aiki. Its versatility sa ya yiwu don amfani da shi a kan kundin ana sarrafa ta daban-daban Tsarukan aiki. Wannan shi ne mai sauki fayil tsarin, wanda yake da ikon hana lalacewar fayiloli saboda rashin iya kashewa na kwamfuta. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na tsarin aiki a guje a kan wannan akai, akwai na musamman kayan aikin da duba tsarin da fayiloli da kuma daidaita hilafa.

NTFS fayil tsarin

Wannan filesystem ne mafi fĩfĩta aiki tare da tsarin aiki Windows NT, kamar yadda aka tsara musamman domin da shi. A OS hada da maida mai amfani da sabobin tuba a juz'i daga mai zuwa NTFS da HPFS kundin. Idan muka magana game da abin da yake cikin NTFS fayil tsarin, shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa shi muhimmanci bunkasa ikon sarrafa samun wasu kundayen da fayiloli, sa mai yawa halayen aiwatar fayil matsawa kayan aikin da kuzari, Laifi haƙuri, goyi bayan bukatar POSIX misali. Wannan fayil tsarin iya amfani da dogon fayil sunayen har zuwa 255 characters, tare da wani gajeren sunan shi generated a cikin wannan hanya kamar yadda a VFAT. Binciken abin da NTFS fayil tsarin, shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa shi ne iya regenerate kanta a cikin hali na tsarin aiki gazawar, don haka da cewa faifai zai zama m da kuma shugabanci tsarin ba za a shafa.

NTFS Features

A wani NTFS girma, kowane fayil da aka wakilta wani Littãfi a MFT. A farko 16 shigarwar da tebur an kiyayeshi da fayil tsarin don adana ƙarin bayani. A cikin fayil tebur kanta ya bayyana da farko rikodin. Da hallakar da farko rikodin an karanta a karo na biyu a sami wani madubi na MFT, inda na farko shigarwa ne m zuwa babban tebur. A ma'ana cibiyar da faifai da aka sanya a kwafin na taya fayil. A cikin uku tebur shigarwa ne log fayil cewa an yi amfani da data dawo. A cikin goma sha bakwai da kuma m records fayil tebur ƙunshi bayani game da fayiloli da kuma kundayen da suke da a kan rumbunka.

Ma'amala log ƙunshi cikakken sa na fasali da canja ƙarar da tsarin, ciki har da aiki wakilta halittar fayiloli, kazalika da duk wani umurni da shafi shugabanci tsarin. Ma'amala log for NTFS dawo a sakamakon wani tsarin gazawar. A shigarwa na tushen directory ƙunshi jerin kundayen da fayiloli da cewa suna located in tushen directory.

EFS Features

Encrypting fayil System (EFS) ne a Windows bangaren, inda bayani a kan wani wuya faifai za a iya adana a cikin wani ɓoyayyen format. Boye-boye ya zama mafi m kariya, wanda zai iya kawai bayar da tsarin aiki. A wannan yanayin, da boye-boye don mai amfani ne da wani fairly sauki mataki, shi bukatar kawai rajistan shiga akwatin a cikin kaddarorin da wani fayil, ko fayil. Za ka iya saka wanda zai iya karanta wadannan files. Boye-boye faruwa a lokacin da fayil aka rufe, da kuma lokacin da suka bude, shi ta atomatik zama shirye don amfani.

raw Features

Na'urorin ga bayanan ajiya, ne mafi m aka gyara, wanda sau da yawa m lalacewa, ba kawai jiki amma kuma Azancin. Wasu hardware matsaloli na iya zama m, yayin da wasu da wasu mafita. Wani lokacin da wani mai amfani tambaya: "Abin da yake a raw fayil tsarin?"

Kamar yadda aka sani, ga rikodi a kan wani rumbun kwamfutarka ko flash drive ne data ajiya na'urar dole ne a FS. Mafi na kowa ne da mai da kuma NTFS. Kuma ba ma wani raw fayil tsarin, wanda muka yawanci kwatanta shi. A gaskiya, shi ne wani kuskure riga an shigar da tsarin, cewa shi ne, ta ainihin rashi ga Windows. Mafi sau da yawa hade tare da lalata albarkatun fayil tsarin tsarin. Bayan haka, OS ba kawai ƙaryatãwa damar zuwa data, amma ba ya nuna fasaha bayanai a kan kayan aiki.

UDF Features

Universal Disk Format (UDF) an tsara don maye gurbin CDFS da kuma ƙara da goyon baya ga DVD-ROM na'urorin. Idan muka magana game da abin da UDF fayil tsarin, shi ne wani sabon aiwatar da tsohon juyi na Tantancewar woje, wanda ya gana da bukatun na kasa da kasa Organization for Standardization. An halin wasu siffofin:

- da tsawon da sunan fayil na iya zama har zuwa 255 characters.

- rajistar sunan iya zama ƙananan kuma babba.

- matsakaicin hanya tsawon shi ne 1023 haruffa.

An fara da Windows XP, wannan fayil tsarin goyon bayan karatu da rubutu.

Mene ne fayil tsarin EXFAT

Wannan fayil tsarin da ake amfani da flash tafiyarwa, wanda ake sa ran tambaya a lõkacin da aiki tare da daban-daban kwakwalwa a guje daban-daban Tsarukan aiki, ciki har da Windows da Linux. Yana EXFAT ya zama "gada" tsakanin biyu, tun da shi ne iya aiki tare da bayanai samu daga OS, kowanne daga abin da gudanar da kansa fayil tsarin. Abin da shi ne da kuma yadda yake aiki, za su bayyana a fili riga a yi.

binciken

Kamar yadda aka fahimta daga sama, a kowane aiki tsarin yana amfani da wasu filesystems. Suna yi nufi ga ajiya na umurce Tsarin data on jiki kafofin watsa labarai. Idan ka ba zato ba tsammani yayin da amfani da kwamfuta, tambaya taso, abin da shi ne na ƙarshe fayil tsarin, shi ne quite yiwu cewa a lokacin da ka yi kokarin kwafe wani takamaiman fayil a kan kafofin watsa labarai a gaban ku, shi da aka ruwaito wucewa halatta size. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa ka bukatar ka san abin da filesystem wani file size aka dauke m cewa a cikin canja wurin bayanai ba fuskanci kalubale.