Formic aldehyde. Shiri formic aldehyde

Formic aldehyde ko formaldehyde - shi ne mai colorless iskar gas da kaifi, m halayyar wari. Shi ne sosai narkewa a cikin ruwa da kuma alcohols. Formaldehyde ne sosai guba da kuma zai iya sa a cikin jikin mutum raunuka. Bugu da kari, an dauke a carcinogen.

Formaldehyde - na farko mamba a homologue jerin, wanda ya hada da aliphatic formic aldehyde. Formic acid kuma farfado Properties na wannan kungiya.

sinadaran Properties

Formaldehyde ne iya tafiyar da dukkan halayen da suke halayyar da homologue jerin aliphatic aldehydes. Ciki har da nucleophiles. Haka kuma an hade tare da rage jamiái. Wannan shi ne yafi saboda gaskiyar cewa formaldehyde ne low electron yawa a kan carbon atoms. Godiya ga wannan siffa daga cikin tsarin shi ne mai sauqi ka shiga cikin sinadaran halayen da ko mafi rauni nucleophiles. Wannan ya bayyana cewa a mai ruwa-ruwa formic aldehyde da aka samu a wani hydrated jihar.

samar da mai karɓa

Wannan al'amari ne quite sauki dabara. Formic aldehyde a sinadaran harshen kama da wannan: HCHO. Babban masana'antu Hanyar ta samar - ne hadawan abu da iskar shaka na methanol. Wannan dauki ne da za'ayi amfani da azurfa mai kara kuzari. Ake bukata zazzabi - 650 digiri. methanol hadawan abu da iskar shaka auku a yanayi matsa lamba.

Wannan tsari ne riga quite lokaci mai tsawo da ake amfani da ko'ina. Yana da kyau ƙware. Aƙalla 80% formaldehyde samu ta hanyar wani oxidizing dauki na methanol. Duk da haka, wannan ba kawai hanyar. A kwanan nan shi ɓullo da wani ko da mafi alamar rahama hanya. Ya dogara ne a kan yin amfani da baƙin ƙarfe-molybdenum catalysts. A wannan yanayin da ake so zazzabi matakin an rage zuwa 300 darajõji, kuma an kusan halved.

Kuma aka sani ne wani masana'antu tsari - da hadawan abu da iskar shaka na methane. A mayar da martani ga wannan wajen sauki da dabara: formic aldehyde aka samu a wani matsin lamba na 1-2 MPa a 450 digiri. A kara kuzari dauka aluminum phosphate.

aikace-aikace

Methanediol - mai ruwa-ruwa formaldehyde bayani, wanda ya haddasa gina jiki denaturation. Wannan quality damar yin amfani da abu mai tanning wakili a yi da fata abubuwa. Haka kuma an yi amfani da ko'ina a samar da Film-fina-finan. Saboda da karfi tannic Properties formaldehyde da aka sani a matsayin maganin antiseptik. An yadu a yi amfani da magani. Bisa shi nuna irin wannan antiseptic shirye-shirye, kamar yadda "Formagel" da "Formidron". Domin quite lokaci mai tsawo, formic aldehyde amfani da ilmin halitta domin ajiya na biomaterials, kamar dabba gabobin ko a jikinsu.

A halin yanzu, samun formic aldehyde riba itace da, ba shakka, da furniture masana'antu. Ana amfani domin samar da resins melaminokarbamidoformaldegidnyh. Suna amfani a yi na barbashi jirgin, plywood da sauran kayan gini.

Lokacin da adanar formic aldehyde kamata a lura cewa a yanayin zafi da ke ƙasa 10 digiri bayani zama hadari, kuma wani farin precipitate bayyana. Har ila yau, formaldehyde aka mayar da martani tare da oxygen. A sakamakon haka, kafa saboda da ƙarin degenerate sashe sarkar initiators.

mai guba Properties

Saboda haka, formaldehyde aka shirya da hadawan abu da iskar shaka na methanol da methane. Lalle, shi yana da isasshe babban mataki na yawan guba. Formic aldehyde da farko rinjayar da kwayoyin abu. Daga wannan abu sha da kuma haihuwa gabobin. Amma, ba shakka, sau da yawa alama airway lalacewa, fata da kuma ido.

Formaldehyde ne m da cewa shi yana da mummunan tasiri a kan CNS.

Formic aldehyde kawai ba mai guba - 60-90 ml abu (dangane da nauyi), makale a ciki, dalili mutuwa. Bayyanar cututtuka na guba sun hada da:

• janar sujuda.
• paleness na fata integument.
• unconsciousness.
• CNS ciki.
• shortness na numfashi;
• mai tsanani da ciwon kai.
• cramps, musamman da dare.

Formic aldehyde tasiri a kan jikin mutum

A amfani da formic aldehyde a samar sau da yawa take kaiwa zuwa sãɓãwar launukansa digiri na guba na ma'aikata. Tare da karfi inhalation raunuka, watau ta inhalation, ya lura conjunctivitis kuma m nau'i na mashako, wanda wani lokacin take kaiwa zuwa huhu edema. Symptomatology a shafe tsawon daukan hotuna na formaldehyde zai kawai kara. Bayan wani gajeren lokaci, akwai alamun rauni da kuma CNS ciki. Yana za a bayyana a akai dizziness, jin tsoro ya taso, da Gait zama unsteady, da kuma da dare a mutum na iya zama ko da seizures.

Idan da guba ya faru, ta bakin, da farko alama zai ƙone da mucous membranes na narkewa kamar fili. Yana zai bayyana kanta a cikin nau'i na zafi, a kona abin mamaki a cikin makogwaro da kuma esophagus. Man ji karfi retching, nauyi, kuma ya ƙaryata ciki zai dauke da jini. A tsanani lokuta, ci gaba laryngeal edema lura reflex numfashi kama.

A kullum guba a kananan yawa a cikin mutane akwai mai karfi nauyi asara, shafi tunanin mutum ruri, na gani disturbances, rashin barci, da kuma na kullum ciwon kai.

Guba da formaldehyde

Formic aldehyde mafi yawan samu a cikin iska. Kamfanin yana da ma'aikata tsunduma a aikin alaka da kera na roba resins, tare da m da kuma dogon lokacin daukan hotuna zuwa formaldehyde vapors yiwu guba. Sau da yawa a cikin na farko aiki kwanaki wani mutum ya alama dermatitis a kan fuskarsa, hannuwanku. A gaban formaldehyde a cikin jiki za a iya gani da jihar tabarbarewar kusoshi - su yi laushi da kuma zama gaggautsa.

Eczema da dermatitis iya zama na rashin lafiyan hali. Bayan wani mutum ya sha wahala a guba, shi ne kafa ta formic aldehyde karfi ji na ƙwarai. Akwai shaida da cewa formaldehyde adversely rinjayar da aiki na haihuwa tsarin na mace jiki.

A amfani da formaldehyde a cikin kayan shafawa

A formaldehyde abun ciki da aka jiyar da matsayin hana aifuwa na maza a cikin kayan shafawa, amma ta maida hankali kada wuce 0.1%. Formic aldehyde iya zama ba a cikin man goge baki creams ga jiki, da fuska da hannaye.

Har ila yau, a pharmacology, a wasu wajen hana wuce kima sweating iya ne formaldehyde. Its canja maida hankali - 0.5%. Wannan abu - mai kyau maganin antiseptik, har ma a irin wannan kananan yawa shi ne iya lalata micro-kwayoyin. An tsananin haramta wa sa wani maganin shafawa a kan fuska idan yana da wani ɓangare na wani 5% formaldehyde. Shi ne fraught tare da bayyanar dermatitis da kuma rashin lafiyan halayen. Har ila yau formic aldehyde ba a amfani da tsare kwaskwarima kayayyakin, idan aka sayar a matsayin aerosols kuma sprays.

Duk da kayayyakin a kan su tasirin kamata dauke da bayani game da abun ciki na kawo hadari abubuwa, ko da adadin 0.05%. A gaskiya, wannan rana ba, an bayyana a matsayin wani bayani da formaldehyde rinjayar da fata, amma an san cewa a cikin dabbobi shi ne ja da ƙwayoyi.

Carcinogenic formic aldehyde

An sani cewa formaldehyde aka mayar da martani tare da selenium, tare da sa hannu na matuƙar mayar da hankali sulfuric acid. A sakamakon haka ne ethersulfates-4-tetradetsilidioksan. Wannan abu da wani hadadden kira bayan gudanar da barium oxide hydrate zama m abu don wanka. Zai ze, abin da ke cikin hatsari? Amma formaldehyde da aka kara wa jerin abubuwa da carcinogenic Properties. Ko da yake mataki na hadari shi ya ba da aka kafa, wajibi ne a yi la'akari da cewa da formic aldehyde ne m ga dabbobi. Kamar yadda na aikin data na da yawa kimiyya cibiyoyin na duniya, da dangantakar dake tsakanin amfani da formaldehyde a yi na paints, resins, Textiles, robobi, da kuma abin da ya faru da ciwon daji marurai a cikin mutane tabbatar. Musamman high hadarin tasowa nasopharyngeal ciwon daji.