Furmanov Dmitriy Andreevich: biography, ayyukansu

Shahararren fim dangane da littafinsa, saki 8 shekaru bayan marubucin mutuwa. Ya sanya wani sunan wani shahararren marubuci, sa'an nan da gudummawar da ta ambaci a cikin wani iri-iri labarbaru. Daga nesa da shekaru, shi ne sau da yawa suna m, kuma m jirgin saman soja domin embodiment na jam'iyyar ta line, mukaddashin backhand a yaki, kuma a cikin wallafe-wallafe. Kawai a kusa look za su ga sauran fuskoki dabam-dabam na mutum hali Fuhrman surname. Dmitri A. zauna a takaice rai, daban-daban daga cikin rabo na da yawa daga cikin Sahaban fili ta gaban endowments da kuma kama su da bukatar m hanyar zabin a wani m zamanin tarihi canji.

farko

An haife shi a 1891, a wani babban iyali, a kauyen Sereda Kostroma lardin. Mahaifinsa ya zo daga Yaroslavl manoma, amma a nasa rusher. Lokacin da Dmitry ya 6 years old, da iyali koma Ivanovo-Voznesensk. Ba da da ewa tashar bude wani tavern mallakar mahaifinsa - Yanina Semenovich Furmanov. Dmitry Andreyevich sa'an nan ya tuna cewa kewaye da yara yanayi kamar yadda wata mãsu mãye whirlpool, wanda zai iya sauƙi sun kasance zurfin jãhilci.

Bayan kammala karatu Dmitry gari makaranta a 1903 mahaifinsa ya aiko shi zuwa ga wani fatauci makaranta, kuma a 1909-1912 ya rayu a Kineshma, inda ya yi karatu a makaranta. Daga farkon matasa ya na da al'ada, watakila, zama babban dalilin da marubuci Fuhrman surname. Dmitri A. rayuwa kiyaye wani cikakken diary, inda ya rubuta da gwaninta na karatu, daga mutanen da ya gana. Daga bisani, zabe sassa daga shi aka buga da kuma yabo daga wajen sukar ga dũkiya da wallafe-wallafen da kuma tarihi abu.

A farko-gwajen

Jaridar "Ivanovo takardar" a 1912, akwai wani waka sadaukar da malamin adabi Kineshma makaranta. Ya na farko bazawa, wanda aka sanya hannu a karkashin "Furmanov." Dmitry Andreyevich ga rayuwarsa ya rubuta mai yawa shayari, musamman a cikin matasa, amma ba su yi la'akari da kansa mawãƙi ne.

A hankali an yi ta Furmanova sha'awar tafiyar da wallafe-wallafen aiki. Wannan so kai shi za a canjawa wuri zuwa Dokar Faculty of Moscow Jami'ar Jihar, inda ya shiga jam'iyyar a 1912 a Tarihin kuma Philology. Farko na yakin duniya na farko ya da wani taron cewa sanya wani al'amari na sakandare karatu. Fara soja biography Furmanov. Dmitry Andreyevich shiga da ensign a asibiti jirgin kasa, da kuma a 1915 ya samun zuwa gaban.

siyasa kai-kafiya

Patriotic romanticism Furmanova, kamar mutane da yawa, bayan sanin da ma'anar da kuma yanayi na yaki bada hanya zuwa cizon yatsa. Yana a fili gani a diary, suna cike da bayyana a shafukan da Furmanova shayari. Dmitry Andreyevich ya lullube hango looming nasara a kasar rabo.

Bayan demobilization, ya sami kansa a Ivanovo-Voznesensk, inda, kamar yadda a ko'ina cikin kasar, tanã fita neman sauyi komowar ruwa. Lokacin da, a watan Fabrairu 1917, shi kai samame tafi da autocracy kafin Furmanov taso da bukatar zabi tsakanin iri-iri na siyasa igiyoyin.

Way to Bolshevism

Na farko, ya sami kansa a cikin sahu na Socialist-yunkuri, sa'an nan ya zama Oganeza na kungiyar maximalists. Ya tabbata cewa wani sabon duniya za a iya gina kawai ta hanyar da mafi m canje cewa ba da damar amfani da ba} in da matakan da waɗanda suka jingina ga tsohon hanyarsa ta rayuwa. A daidai wannan lokaci tsunduma a Furmanov yau da kullum da aikin da majalisar Ma'aikata 'wakilai.

A apotheosis na sosai neman sauyi views for shi ne zargin da birnin kungiyar na anarchists, wanda shugaban zama Furmanov. Dmitry Andreyevich, wanda biography zai ci gaba da za a hade tare da Bolshevik Party, karshe m bayan taron da kuma ha] in gwiwar na Mikhail Frunze, dispelled ya karshe Anarchist komai bane illa kawayeniya.

A shekara ta 1919 ya aka aiko da wani detachment Frunze zuwa gaba, inda aka nada Kwamishinan 25th Division.

Chapaev

Lokacin rubuta da ya fi shahara da ayyuka - "Chapaev", rubuta a shekarar 1923, ya yi amfani da tsarin sautinsu, wanda ya ba su daina duk lokacin da ya shafe a Chapayev Division. A littafin ne sosai daban-daban daga cikin shahararrun fim harbi a kan sabubban ta a 1934. A hade da matsananci hakikanci da labari kuma romantic generalizations aiwatuwa tare da wani ban mamaki fasaha ga matasa marubuci, ya yaba da masu karatu da kuma mafi girma Masters wallafe-wallafe. Gorky rubuta a cikin wata wasika ga Furmanov asali marubucin niyyar da kuma amincewa ne a zamanin rayuwarsa.

Soja Furmanova rabo jefa shi a kan daban-daban fronts na yakin basasa. A gani na ta - litattafan da labarai alama a matsayin babbar mamaki na Soviet adabi 20s. Labari "tayarwa" (1925) da aka sadaukar da danniya na kulak haddin shari'a cikin Kazakhstan, labari "Red Team" (1921) ya bayyana musamman kogin hari a raya na fari sojojin a cikin Kuban.

Kwamishinan mutuwa

Bayan da yaki, marubucin ya kasance mai aiki a wallafe-wallafen da kuma zamantakewa. Ya main aiki, ya yi imanin da yaki ga wani sabon akidar Soviet adabi, ko da yake yana karɓa mutuncin zargi ga opportunistic sprains daga RAPP - marubuta 'ƙungiya, ya bayyana matsananci hagu-reshe views.

Ya aka ƙoƙarin samun sabbin jigogi a cikin ayyukan da ba su da alaka da abubuwan da suka faru na yakin basasa. Ya post-yaki aiki - makala "Seashores" series (1925), sadaukar da tafiya zuwa kudu na Rasha, da Caucasian Coast da kuma a Crimea. Ya aka nuna babban yabo ta Gorky. Furmanov yi aiki tukuru aikin jarida, ya rubuta adabi critiques.

A cikin shafukan da diary na tara stuff cewa zai yi amfani da rubuta sabon texts. Amma ya nufi bar unfulfilled farkon m mutuwa. A sabili da mutuwar da aka kira da meningitis, da ciwon makogwaro, wanda ya bai kula.

Mutane da yawa bugi sakon, wanda ya bayyana a cikin bazara na 1926 da jaridu: 15 ga Maris, bayan wani gajeren amma m rashin lafiya da ta taso bayan da matsalolin da mura, Dmitriy Andreevich Furmanov mutu a Moscow. Articles da cewa sun bayyana bayan wannan labarai, su na cike da tsarkake nadãma game da farkon mutuwa na marubuci. Abin da ya gudanar ya yi, shi ya ba da bege ga zargin sabon littattafai zuwa gaske high quality.