Gaskiya a zane. Babban ra'ayin

Kalmar nan "hakikanin gaske" tana nufin "ainihin", "abu." A cikin fasaha, wannan shugabanci yana da gaskiya, yana nuna gaskiyar ta hanyar amfani da mahimman hanyoyi.

A tarihi, ma'anar ma'anar batun "hakikance" yana nufin fasalin fasaha da wallafe-wallafe wanda aka kafa a karni na sha takwas. Tsarinsa da zagaye na gaba wannan jagoran ya kai a karni na 19. A wannan lokacin, mafi fili ya tabbatar da m hakikanci a zanen. Direction da aka ɓullo da a hadin gwiwa ko fafitikar da sauran igiyoyin art karni na ashirin da.

Gaskiya a zane na tsakiyar tsakiyar karni na 19 an nuna wani tsarin fasaha, wanda shine ainihin barazanar a matsayin hanya mai hankali.

A Faransanci, wannan halayyar fasaha tana haɗi, musamman, tare da sunan Courbet. Babban da ake bukata na hakikanci a lokacin an roko ga zamani gaskiya a cikin wani iri-iri na ta bayyananen, jawo a kan wani daidai kimiyya. Ma'aikata na yanzu suna amfani da cikakkun bayanai, suna maye gurbin su da wasu na'urorin "m da rashin ƙarfi" na romanticism. Babban muhimmancin ci gaba da ci gaba da jagorancin shine juyin juya halin 1848, wanda ya watsar da yaudarar wakilan Faransanci.

A Rasha, hakikani a zane na zabin na biyu na karni na 19 an danganta shi ne da ci gaban cigaban zamantakewar al'umma. Wannan ya nuna kansa a cikin binciken da ya shafi yanayin, yanayin tausayi ga rayayyen rayuwar mutane tare da nuna rashin amincewa da tsarin jihar.

Kashi na uku na karni na sha tara shine alama ta hanyar kafa ƙungiyar Wanderers. Daga cikinsu akwai Kramskoy, Perov, Shishkin, Repin, Savrasov, Surikov da sauransu. Mun gode da su, hakikanin zane-zane ya ƙarfafa matsayinsu, ya bayyana a tarihin tarihi da na yau da kullum, wuri mai faɗi da hoto.

Hadisai na halin yanzu an kafa a Rasha a farkon karni na ashirin. Ana iya ganin wannan a cikin ayyukan Korovin, Serov, Ivanov da sauransu. Bayan da juyin juya halin, shi ne a kan tushen da wadannan hadisai suka fara samar gurguzu hakikanci a zanen. Wannan na'ura mai zanewa ta kasance kyakkyawan tunani game da tunanin jama'a game da mutum da kuma duniya. Wannan ra'ayi, a halin yanzu, ya kasance da yanayin ta hanyar gwagwarmayar gwagwarmaya don karfafawa da ƙarfafa sabuwar al'umma.

Ganin gaskiya a zane ya zama babban mahimmanci jagora a cikin USSR. Dalilin wannan yanayin shi ne sanarwar gaskiya na ainihi a cikin juyin juya hali.

Gorky ya kirkiro mafi mahimmanci ra'ayi a 1934 a majalisa na marubuta. Yace cewa hakikanin abinda ake yi a zane-zane, wallafe-wallafe, zane-zane a matsayin duka shine ake kira tabbatarwa a matsayin aikin. Kasancewa da na'ura mai mahimmanci, ya yi aiki na ci gaba da bunkasa ƙwarewar mutane, mafi kyau ga abin da zai yiwu ya rinjayi ƙarfin dabi'a don kare lafiyar jiki da kuma tsawon rayuwar ɗan adam da farin ciki mai yawa a duniya. Saboda haka, hakikanin zane-zane da kuma sauran fasaha na fasaha ya zama sabon nau'i na ƙwarewa.