Glomerulonephritis: rarrabuwa. Kumburi kodan. koda tiyata

Kumburi da kodan, wanda aka halin lalacewar da tacewa na'ura, a magani da ake kira "glomerulonephritis". Pathology rarrabuwa dogara a kan kafofin da cutar, Hakika na ƙayyadaddu. A mafi yawan lokuta wannan cuta ne lalace koda glomeruli (glomerulus). Duk da haka, da pathological tsari za a iya hada sauran koda sassan: tubules intercellular nama. Mafi sau da yawa, cutar da ake bincikar lafiya a yara a karkashin shekaru 12 da haihuwa. Duk da haka, ba za mu iya ware da hadarin cutar a} uruciyarsa.

Halaye na cuta

Mene ne glomerulonephritis? Yana mai yawan daban-daban cututtuka, wanda aka halin da kumburi koda cuta. Mafi sau da yawa suna jawo da mummunan tasiri na iya shiga cikin jikin cututtuka da kuma allergens.

Pathology bayyana kashi glomeruli, koda tubules, da kwanoni. Don gabatar da more daki-daki, abin da yake akwai wata cuta da cewa ya kamata taba da ilmin jikin mutum. Glomeruli yi a cikin jiki daya daga cikin muhimman ayyukan. Suna tace da gubobi, wuce haddi da ruwa lalata kayayyakin da sauran maras so abubuwa.

Glomeruli suna located a cikin jiki na koda. Su ne wani tari na capillaries daga cikin madauki irin. A wani al'ada aiki kwayoyin da jini motsa ta hanyar afferent arterioles. Yana nan ta shiga koda glomerulus. A nan, akwai wani tacewa da kuma fitsari da aka kafa. All sharar gida, sharar kayayyakin an shafe ta a mochesborny tubule. Daga shi suka shigar da rami na koda, sa'an nan - ga mafitsara. Jini, tsarkake daga wašanda ba'aso impurities da efferent arteriole bar glomerule.

A ɗan daban-daban hoto da aka lura a lokacin da wani mutum tasowa glomerulonephritis. Wannan Pathology ne halin da karuwa a koda tace patency. A sakamakon haka, da ake bukata aiki ne da za'ayi ba a cika. A fitsari iya shiga manyan Tsarin: furotin, ja da maikacin jini, da farin jini Kwayoyin. Kuma da waɗannan da aka gyara na da muhimmanci ga jiki. Ci gaban da cutar take kaiwa zuwa tabarbarewar da jini tsarkakewa. Da wuce haddi ruwa da kuma abubuwa masu cutarwa ba excreted.

Mafi sau da yawa a cikin cuta dogara ne a kan dauki da kwayoyin zuwa daban-daban cututtuka ko allergies. Amma wani lokacin da cuta ne autoimmune. A wannan yanayin, cutar tasowa a cikin koda da lalata da kansa antibodies.

A Sanadin cutar

Me zai iya faruwa glomerulonephritis? Rarrabuwa da ɗan dogara a kan hanyar da cutar.

Wadannan dalilai ne babban kafofin na glomerulonephritis:

1. Streptococcal kamuwa da cuta. Wannan kara kuzari ne ya fi kowa rashin lafiya. A mafi yawan lokuta, koda lalacewa tsokane ta m magani daga streptococcal tonsillitis. Don warkar da wannan Pathology, shi wajibi ne don kammala cikakken hanya na maganin rigakafi wajabta ta likita. Kashe streptococcus sauran hanyoyin da ba zai yiwu ba. Idan da kamuwa da cuta da aka ba da cikakken shafe, sa'an nan bayan 10-14 kwanaki, na iya samar da wani m post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Tare da irin wannan Pathology jiki da kanta ta fara kai farmaki da koda Kwayoyin.
2. Kwayar cutar. Yana iya kuma fararwa a sake komowa da cutar.
3. Colds. Rashin lafiya wuya koda kumburi.
4. Tsari Pathology na connective nama. Muhimmi da ci gaban glomerulonephritis iya karya rheumatoid amosanin gabbai, tsari lupus, polyarteritis periarthritis, vasculitis.
5. Kullum kwayan ko kwayar cututtuka. Pathology ne su iya ci gaba a kan bango na kwayar hepatitis B, kuma C, syphilis, dauke da kwayar cutar endocarditis, zazzabin cizon sauro.
6. Rayuwa cututtuka. By glomerulonephritis iya haifar amyloidosis, da ciwon sukari mellitus, urate nephropathy, gout.
7. Cututtuka na jini. Its rawa wajen ci gaban da cutar zai iya wasa a lymphoma, mahara myeloma, kullum cutar sankarar bargo.
8. Mai guba abubuwan. Zama jawo domin cin gaban glomerulonephritis iya zama abu zagi, kwayoyi da barasa. effects a jiki na Mercury, gubar, kaushi, wasu poisons (msl, beeswax, maciji). Dalili na bayyanar cutar iya karya radiation amai, da karfi undercooling alurar riga kafi.

symptomatology da cutar

Wani lokaci Pathology iya zama asymptomatic. Likitoci sun ce kusan rabin marasa lafiya da suke kamu glomerulonephritis, wata cuta da aka gano kawai ta hanyar kiwon lafiya da jarrabawa. Kuma marasa lafiya da kansu ba su ma sane da ci gaba a cikin jiki da irin wannan tsanani cutar.

Idan glomerulonephritis sa kanta ji, da cututtuka za su zama kamar haka:

1. Puffiness. Yana bayyana a kan fuskarsa, eyelids. Kumburi na iya faruwa a cikin manya da ƙananan extremities. adult taro sakamakon daga irin wannan bayyanar cututtuka, wani lokacin qara zuwa 7 kwanaki a 25 kg.
2. Oliguria. A rage ko cikakken rashi na haƙuri da fitsari.
3. Shortness na numfashi. Irin cututtuka a mai tsanani kwarara iya kai wa ga huhu edema.
4. Hematuria. A fitsari zama m. Wannan ne shibtarsu ta gaban da jini a cikin shi.
5. Hauhawar jini. Haƙuri ciwo m karuwa a matsa lamba.
6. A gaban gina jiki a cikin fitsari. An jawo da ya karu bandwidth glomeruli a lokacin jini tacewa.
7. A dagagge zafin jiki.
8. Pain a cikin lumbar yankin - dangantakar.
9. Constant ji ƙishirwa.
10. Amai, kasancewar tashin zuciya. Rashin ci.

Kuma yanzu dubi abin da yake akwai irin wannan iri-iri na pathologies kamar yadda glomerulonephritis.

rarrabuwa na cututtuka

Pathology da aka raba a kan daban-daban filaye. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa akwai da dama na ta sukayi fassara.

Saboda haka, ku tuna dalilan da ya sa akwai wani glomerulonephritis. Nau'in cutar a kan bayyanar kafofin zai zama kamar haka:

1. Primary glomerulonephritis. Kodan shafa a sakamakon pathogenic dalilai.
2. Secondary. The rashin lafiya tasowa kan bango na data kasance munanan a cikin jiki.

A cewar percolation yanayi da cutar na iya zama:

• kaifi - kwanan nan taso.
• subacute - Pathology yana mako biyu ko 'yan watanni.
• kullum - rashin lafiya jan a ga shekara, kuma wani lokacin ba.

A cewar har na release:

• yaxuwa tsari wanda yalwaci dukan tace tsarin.
• mai da hankali cuta.

nau'i na cutar

Ganin yanayin da cututtuka, likitoci rarraba da cutar kamar haka:

1. Latent form. A Pathology auku a fake. A haƙuri yana da bayyanar cututtuka na episodic sharewa. More sau da yawa fiye da ba, wannan nau'i ne halayyar subacute irin.
2. Cyclical. Halin da wani m kumburi. A haƙuri yana da tsanani cututtuka. Matsayin mai mulkin, akwai zo da wani m dawo. Duk da haka, wannan tsari sau da yawa Ɗ.

irin Pathology

Daya daga cikin manyan halaye na cutar da ake dauke su asibiti form. Tsaftacewa da cutar ne da za'ayi shan la'akari da rinjaye symptomatology.

A kan tushen da halayyar siffofin ne da wadannan iri glomerulonephritis:

1. Nephrotic. Bayyananne kumburi.
2. Hematuric. A kumburi tsari da aka hada tare da symptomatic canje-canje a cikin fitsari. Proteinuria, hematuria a moderation.
3. Hawan jinni. Hadari form. An halin a naci karuwa a matsa lamba. Za a iya samar da rikitarwa sa da hauhawar jini.
4. Gauraye. A wannan nau'i na nephrotic-hawan jinni hade da ãyõyinMu. Pathology bambanta quite wani matalauci hangen nesa.

Akwai wani rarrabuwa - morphological cututtuka:

1. Mai da hankali segmental glomerular kumburi. Domin Pathology halin da m sclerosis koda capillaries.
2. Mesangioproliferative nephritis. Mafi na kowa nau'i na cutar. A Pathology ne halin da adibas na rigakafi da gidaje don takamaiman pathogens na antibodies.
3. Membranous nephropathy. Thickened glomerular capillary ganuwar sun dauki proteinaceous plaques bayyana.
4. Mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis. Ma'aikata fallasa glomeruli nama yaxuwa sclerosis. A sakamakon haka, suna maye gurbinsu a haɗa da Kwayoyin. Pathology daban-daban m labari.

Bari mu bincika a cikin mafi daki-daki, wasu nau'in.

m view

Wannan Pathology farawa ba zato ba tsammani, kuma yana da sau da yawa symptomatic. M yaxuwa glomerulonephritis ne halin da zazzabi, gipostenuriey, polturiiey da hematuria, gaban ciwon baya. A Pathology iya zama kwayan, sashi, na rigakafi ko kwayar.

subacute fom

Pathology yana da wani sunan - m glomerulonephritis. An halin m ci gaba. A haƙuri yana da guda cututtuka kamar yadda a cikin m irin.

Duk da haka, duk alamun cutar ne mafi pronounced:

• ƙaruwa.
• rage adadin fitsari.
• ciwon kai.
• pallor.
• shortness na numfashi;
• discoloration fitsari.
• rauni.
• palpitations.
• matsa lamba.

Rashin lafiya kamu da wani jini gwajin, fitsari.

membranous glomerulopathy

Domin wannan nau'i ne halin da yaxuwa thickening na glomerular capillary membrane. Mafi sau da yawa, da Pathology hade tare da kamuwa da cuta. Shin mafi yiwuwa ga wannan cuta iri iri na maza. Suna da membranous glomerulonephritis halin da jinkirin fara. Bugu da kari, cutar da ake tare da nephrotic ciwo da kuma proteinuria.

A Pathology iya wuya da kullum na koda insufficiency, venous thrombosis, a sakamakon wanda zai iya sa gefe thromboembolism.

magani na cutar

Don magance cutar Kanmu m far cewa hadawa:

• magani.
• riko da wani m rage cin abinci (Table № 7Sai).
• gado sauran (a relapsed m ko kwarara).

A mafi yawan lokuta, wadannan hanyoyi ba ka damar da sauri kama da m Hakika na cutar. Daga bisani, da haƙuri da aka zaba rage far.

Amma wani lokacin da cutar halin tsanani. A wannan yanayin, hemodialysis haƙuri da ake sa. Wannan shi ne don kare haƙuri daga tsanani da rikitarwa da cutar. Musamman na'urar, da ake kira "wucin gadi koda", ya yi aikin jini tsarkakewa daga mai guba mahadi, wuce haddi da ruwa da kuma Wutan. An shawarar ga waɗanda marasa lafiya da suke yi a baya a tsakanin raunuka ɓullo da na koda insufficiency a kullum form.

koda tiyata

Kullum glomerulonephritis iya haifar da wani m m sakamakon. Daya daga cikinsu shi ne koda gazawar. Kuma idan a cikin matakin farko (a biyu-hanyar aiwatar) iya taimaka na'ura "wucin gadi koda", sa'an nan a guje aiwatar gaggawa batun transplants yakan. Shi ya ta'allaka ne a transplanting jikin mutum samu daga bayarwa.

Koda tiyata da aka yi kawai bayan na sosai jarrabawa na haƙuri. Ya kamata a lura cewa dasawa yana da nasa contraindications. Bugu da kari, matsaloli na iya tashi tare da zabin da wani mai bayarwa koda.