Mafi na kowa protozoal cututtuka

Kalmar "protozoa" daga kalmar Helenanci "protos", ma'ana "farko" da "zoon" ma'ana "dabba". Saboda haka ne da mulkin sauki rayayyun kwayoyin halitta bayyana a Duniya tsakanin na farko. Duk da na farko yanayin da tsarin da harshen damo, wani babban rukuni na wadannan kananan halittu da ke sa mutane da dabbobi da m protozoal cututtuka. Wasu mutane zama kamuwa da kwayoyin ta hanyar nasu laifi, saboda ba su cika tare da tsarki. Amma akwai sauki, waɗanda suka koyi shiga cikin wanda aka azabtar da taimakon wasu dabbobi - sauro, kwari, mites da sauransu, da za a ceto daga cizon ne ba ko da yaushe zai yiwu. Mun bayar da cikakken bayani game da abin da suke bayyanar cututtuka na kamuwa da cuta, da hanyoyin magani da kuma rigakafin.

Morphological sauki hoto

Total a duniya akwai daruruwan jinsunan protozoa. Protozoal cututtuka sa kawai waɗanda suka riga sun saba da parasitic salon. Protozoa zauna dukan sassa na duniya, da kuma a ko'ina: a cikin ƙasa, a cikin ruwa, a cikin iska, a cikin wasu rayayyun siffofin. Dukan su kunshi kawai guda cell, wanda mai karfi duk da muhimmanci abubuwa. Mai kawai ya san yadda za ta motsa, shi ne mai predator da kuma mayar da ba kawai sauki division, amma kuma jima'i. Parasitic nau'in a cikin shakka daga juyin halitta sun ci gaba da karfafa da hanyoyi daban-daban na shigar azzakari cikin farji cikin abincinsa. To, wadanda cewa infest da gabobin na gastrointestinal fili, da ake amfani da yafi sinadirai hanya. A wannan yanayin, manya ko su cysts fita daga rundunar yanayi (tumbi, fitsari, yau kasa), inda suke da zama wani lokaci har da lamba-baka hanya (ta hanyar datti hannuwansu da abinci) ba zai fada cikin wani sabon rundunar. Protozoa, parasites a cikin jini, matsar da aka azabtar da aka azabtar da taimakon jini-tsotsa kwari. Akwai ma parasites, ya zaɓi don kansa da jima'i shigar azzakari cikin farji hanya a cikin sabon rundunar.

Cututtuka lalacewa ta hanyar protozoa

A samu da kuma nazari na yau pathogens protozoan cututtuka sa da wadannan cututtuka:

- amebiasis.

- zazzabin cizon sauro.

- giardiasis.

- toxoplasmosis.

- leishmaniasis.

- barci cuce-cuce.

- babesiosis.

- Chagas cuta.

- trichomoniasis.

- balantidiasis.

- sarcocystis (yafi rinjayar shanu);

- isosporiasis.

- cryptosporidiosis.

Bari mu bincika mafi kowa wadanda kuma fara da hanji da ciwon kama etiology da Pathology.

amoebiasis

Wannan cutar da ake kuma kira amebic dysentery. Sa shi a wasu iri amoebas cewa zai iya rayuwa ne kawai a cikin mutum. Protozoal cututtuka na irin wannan kawai ake iya canza daga wani riga kamu mutum. Amoebic dysentery bautar da matsayi na biyu a cikin jerin miyagun cututtuka. Mafi sau da yawa da shi ya auku inda sauyin yanayi ne zafi da kuma cike da unsanitary yanayi. Cysts parasites a cikin faeces suna located waje (a ƙasa, a cikin ruwa) inda za su iya rayuwa ga dama makonni. A sabon azabtar da suka samu abinci, ruwa. Kawo da kamuwa da cuta da kayayyakin may kwari, kyankyasai da sauran "yan" mutum. Da zarar a cikin hanji, cysts halakar da bawo da ya sa a cikin Gut nama, haddasa su zuwa ulceration kuma ko da necrosis. Wani lokaci tare da jini, da za su iya kawo a wasu gabobi kamar hanta. A haƙuri yana da kimanin mako guda bayan bayyanar cututtuka na infestation:

- ciwon mara.

- zazzabi.

- rauni.

- zawo (wani lokacin tare da jini da kuma gamsai).

Ba tare da ta dace magani, cutar na iya zama na kullum, wadda take kaiwa zuwa perforation na hanji bango, peritonitis da kuma sauran rikitarwa.

Ganewar asali aka yi amfani da colonoscopy, duban dan tayi, PCR. Domin lura da amfani da miyagun kwayoyi "Metronidazole" ko "Tinidazole".

Rigakafin protozoan hanji cututtuka, ciki har da amoebic dysentery, kunshi shugaba a kiyaye da m da kuma tsabta. Shi ne m zuwa bukatar:

- kafin amfani tafasa ruwa daga bude ruwa.

- hannunka kiwon lafiya da jiki;

- A wanke 'ya'yan itatuwa, berries, kayan lambu, da akayi nufi don amfani adam.

- lalata kwari - cuta vectors.

Har ila yau, domin hana gudanar da wani binciken da duk ma'aikatan dake aiki, a masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin abinci, da kuma a cikin hearth, inda cutar da ake samu, gudanar da cikakken disinfection.

giardiasis

Protozoal cututtuka cewa an classified a matsayin hanji, da kuma hada da cutar. Yana ne ya sa ta Giardia. A bambanci ga amoebas su za a iya daukar kwayar cutar da mutane daga karnuka, Cats, hakori, a cikin abin da suka ma, suna parasitic. A Sanadin kamuwa da cuta, kamar yadda shi ne yanayin da amebiasis, ne rashin muhalli da kuma kiwon lafiya. Giardia parasitic kawai a cikin kananan hanji, da kuma koma a cikin wani m nau'i cysts cewa faeces dakatar da waje. A yanayi da suka rayu fiye da wata daya. All protozoan hanji cututtuka da yawan kowa bayyanar cututtuka - ciki zafi, lethargy, gajiya, zawo.

Lokacin da giardiasis kara musu tashin zuciya, rashin lafiyan dermatitis, tabarbarewa na biliary fili, da kuma zawo iya dan lokaci maye gurbinsu kulle. Jini a stool ne yawanci ba, amma gamsai iya zama ba.

Ganewar asali giardiasis ne da za'ayi amfani da fecal kasancewar wani mafitsara.

Jiyya ne da za'ayi a cikin hãlãye:

1. Hoto na yawan guba da kuma dawo da hanji aiki.

2. Amfani "Trichopolum" shirye-shirye "Tiberal" da kuma kama parasites hallaka.

3. KARFAFA rigakafi, rage cin abinci, da kuma bitamin probiotics.

Prophylaxis na giardiasis ne batu na m, na sirri kiwon lafiya, kazalika da jarrabawa ga mutane, musamman yara, a cikin karusa daga Giardia.

cryptosporidiosis

Akwai ba haka ba saba zuwa da fadi da kewayon, amma kuma matukar hatsari protozoal cututtuka. Daya daga cikinsu - cryptosporidiosis lalacewa ta hanyar protozoa na iyali Cryptosporididae kuma zai iya sa mutuwa. Suna kamuwa da baka-lamba, yin amfani da untreated ruwa na koguna, tafkunan, ko aqueducts, marsa wanki da 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu ko, kazalika a lokacin tsuliya jima'i. Domin cryptosporidiosis a cikin babban tsibirin, da shiryawa zamani yana zuwa makonni shida, wani lokacin har zuwa wata daya, da kuma babban alama ne mai tsanani zawo. Har ila yau, marasa lafiya suna lura:

- tashin zuciya ga amai.

- zazzabi.

- zafi a ciki.

- convulsions.

- bayyanar cututtuka na dehydration.

Mutane da high rigakafi cuta na iya faruwa ba tare da cututtuka, amma suna dako na parasites.

Cryptosporidiosis gubar zuwa pancreatitis, cholecystitis, cholangitis, rinjayar da huhu, ciki kuma pancreas. Ideal nufin cikakken taimaka tare da kamuwa da cuta, sai an ci gaba.

Rigakafin ne sanitization abinci, da ruwa, madara pasteurization, m sirri kiwon lafiya.

Cututtuka protozoal hanji, su ne rare

Wadannan sun hada da balantidiasis, wanda yake shi ne m ciliate Balantidium coli, kuma isosporiasis lalacewa ta hanyar protozoa na HALITTAR Isospora. Ciliates Balantidium coli rayuwa a cikin gastrointestinal fili da aladu, wanda bayyanar cututtuka iya zama mãsu fakowa ba. A cikin jikin mutum da suka zo daga raw nama, ko ta hanyar wata classic ga duk hanji cututtuka. Babban bayyanar cututtuka na m siffofin balantidiasis ne zawo, ciwon mara, da zazzaɓi, da ãyõyin maye. A miƙa mulki na cuta a cikin wani nau'i na kullum da buɗi na bayyanar cututtuka na weakening ko suka bace gaba ɗaya, amma mutum ya zama m na pathogen.

A sauki izospory a cikin yanayi ne sosai tartsatsi ne. Sun shiga cikin jikin su alimentary hanyoyi. A shiryawa zamani aka mika wa daya da rabi makonni, bayan da cutar ta fara sa samun abinci. A haƙuri yana da wani zazzabi, amai, zawo, mai tsanani ciki zafi. A Cutar HIV isosporiasis zai iya sa mutuwa. Jiyya ne da za'ayi antimicrobial jamiái "Fansidar", "metronidazole" da sauransu.

da zazzabin cizon sauro

Akwai mai tsanani protozoal cututtuka, da magani daga wanda ba ya ko da yaushe kawo karshen nasarar. Daya daga cikin wadannan cututtuka - zazzabin cizon sauro. Shekara, shi rinjayar har zuwa 300 mutane miliyan, daga abin da game da 750,000 mutu. Yana yana daukar kwayar cutar zazzabin cizon sauro-dauke sauro a lokacin tsotsa da jini daga gare su. Akwai zazzabin cizon sauro a duniya, ban da yankunan da sanyi sosai, kamar yadda low yanayin zafi ne cutarwa ga sauro. Plasmodium falciparum jini shiga hanta, inda su ne da dama aiki a fara ninka ta sauki division. Daya m iya ba 40,000 sabon rai kwayoyin! Ku kira su merozoites. Wannan tsari faruwa ga mãsu haƙuri ba tare da bayyanar cututtuka. Bayan game da shida makonni matasa merozoites bar hanta da kuma shiga cikin jini. Ga su suna a haɗe zuwa ja da maikacin jini, da za a fara da pathogenic aiki. A wannan yanayin, ya lura:

- zazzabi

- makantar da ciwon kai.

- jin sanyi.

- amai.

- convulsions.

- wani lokacin asarar sani.

- anemia.

- ischemia.

- kasafi a fitsari haemoglobin.

A cikin shekaru, zazzabin cizon sauro bi da tare da quinine. sabon kwayoyi, kamar "Artesunate", "Amodiaquine", "Kotrifazit" "Mefloquine" Wa tsara da kuma sauransu. Wasu daga cikin su yi amfani ba kawai don magani amma kuma domin rigakafin. Zazzabin cizon sauro maganin, da rashin alheri, babu.

toxoplasmosis

Wannan ne mai matukar hatsari protozoal kamuwa da cuta, musamman ga jarirai. Sa ta sauki Toxoplasma gondii. A tushen kamuwa da cuta ne da yawa sosai (a kan 180 jinsunan), cikin gida da kuma dabbobin daji. A cewar WHO, toxoplasmosis kamu rabin na 'yan adam. kamuwa da cuta haddasawa ne:

- yi amfani da sun an sarrafa nama, qwai, madara.

- lamba tare da marasa lafiya dabbobi.

- datti hannayensu (bayan aiki tare da kamuwa da dabbobi).

- intrauterine watsa;

- jini da kuma / ko dasawa da gabobin.

- yara iyaye - dako na kwayoyin.

Alamun iya sun hada da:

- zazzabi.

- ciwon kai.

- amai.

- inna.

- raunuka da dama gabobin da kuma tsarin.

Toxoplasmosis auku a biyu siffofin - m kuma na kullum, kuma zai iya zama ko dai nakasar ko samu.

A hangen nesa ga jarirai ne musamman talakawa, domin ya cece rayukansu aka gudanar waye far. Sauran magani ba da ake bukata, kamar yadda da m nau'i na toxoplasmosis gudanar da kanta.

babesiosis

Wannan protozoan kamuwa rinjayar mutane da dabbobi. A m na pathogen ne mites. bayyanar cututtuka:

- high zazzabi.

- zazzabi.

- kara girman hanta da saifa.

A dabbobi nuna kaifi tabarbarewar, zawo, maƙarƙashiya, shortness na numfashi, na jini da fitsari, saniya ta madara zama m, da na tumaki zubar waccan ciki. Mace-mace a tsakanin dabbobi daga babesiosis - har zuwa 80%.

A cikin mutane, cuta na iya zama m, kuma mai tsanani siffofin. Jiyya ne da za'ayi shirye-shirye "Beren", "Albargin", "Akaprin" da sauransu.

Rigakafin protozoal cututtuka ɗauke da jini-tsotsa kwari, ya ta'allaka ne, yafi a halaka su, kazalika da alurar riga kafi.

m cututtuka

Bugu da kari, akwai tartsatsi protozoal cututtuka kamu a kawai 'yan yankuna. Za su iya samun rashin lafiya, tafi hutu ko aiki. Alal misali, a cikin wurare masu zafi Afirka na kowa ake kira barci amai, wanda ke saka mutane tsetse gardama. Bayan ta farko cizo bayyanar cututtuka bayyana bayan 1-3 makonni. Yana iya zama ciwon kai da kuma hadin gwiwa zafi, zazzabi, itching. A 'yan watanni mutum yana numbness, da ruɗewa, disorientation a motsi. Jiyya na barci cuta magani kawai.

A Latin America, akwai wani matsala, da ake kira Chagas cuta. Ku shi ga mutane ko sumbatan kwari da cewa aika da protozoa jinsunan Trypanosoma cruzi. Symptomatology m cuta kamar yadda kumburi tafiyar matakai faruwa a dama gabobin: zuciya, hanta, tsoka, kwakwalwa da kuma laka, da kuma degenerative canje-canje na gabobin a cikin wannan yanayin ne babu ja. Haka kuma cutar na faruwa a matakai biyu. Domin na farko ne halin da zafi a ciki, kirji, tsokoki na dukan jiki, zuciya rashin cin nasara, da zazzaɓi, shortness na numfashi. Na biyu ga masu rinjaye na kamuwa da asymptomatic, amma wasu da bayyanar cututtuka na lalacewar da juyayi, kuma kayan hanji da zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin.

Rigakafin protozoal da kwayar cututtuka

Protozoa kamuwa da cuta a mutunta mutane da yawa kama da cutar kamuwa da cuta. Saboda haka, kusan kowane irin fevers (dengue, yellow, West Nile, Karelian) sa daban-daban ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma kawo su daga m ga rashin lafiya sauro. Wani kowa m protozoa, da ƙwayoyin cuta - mite, wanda cizon zai iya sa encephalitis. Da kyau a san su da yawa daga cikin mu rotavirus shiga jiki na wanda aka azabtar, idan ba complied da dokoki na kiwon lafiya.

Tun da hanyar kamuwa da cuta da protozoan parasites da ƙwayoyin cuta ne ba yawa daban-daban, ya zama sun fi mayar da irin wannan da kuma rigakafin protozoal da kwayar cututtuka. Indiscriminately A. T. tare da haɗin gwiwar GM da Eshtokin Abdusalamov FM fito da wani littafi, inda ya bayyana da yawa dauke da kwayar cutar, fungal, helminthic cuta. Har ila yau, shi ya bayyana yadda za a bi da su, da kuma yadda za a kare kanka daga gare su. Babban abu cewa kana bukatar ka bi ko da yaushe da kuma duk, - muhalli da kuma kiwon lafiya. Wadannan postulates ne wani shãmaki saboda mutane da yawa mutum parasites. M matakan da cututtuka, kwari-haifa, shi ne halaka da kuma kawar da mazauninsu. Amma lamba - wannan shi ne mafi kyau rigakafin kamuwa da cuta da wadda jiki tasowa rigakafi.