Hange kura. Description, mazauninsu

A Afirka, wani bai gogu da duniya mai tafiya lurk yawa hatsarori a kowane bi da bi. Wannan nahiyar da aka sanaki daban-daban dabbobi, da wanda shi ne mafi alhẽri ba hadu kadai. Ba kawai zakoki, crocodiles, damisa, cheetahs da dorina, giwaye da kuma hyenas amma. A dare, wadannan gregarious da yara aka kunna, kuma bone ya tabbata ga matafiyi wanda bai da lokacin ta soke babban bonfire da Stock sama da makãmashi ga dare.

Hange kura - mafi girma wakilin scavenging dabbobi masu shayarwa. An mafi embodies duk halaye, halaye da kuma tsarin, hali na wannan nau'in. Jikin tsawon dabbare kura ne daga 95 zuwa 166 cm, wutsiya - daga 26 zuwa 36 cm, da kuma bushe tsawo - game da 80 cm.

Wannan nau'in, ko da ciwon gwada da kananan size, duk da haka, shi ne m da mutane, musamman a cikin fakitin. Wannan ne mai matukar m predator. Hyenas hange - kawai dabbobi masu shayarwa wanda jaws ne iya haifar da babban matsin lamba (50 zuwa 70 kg square cm.). Su ne sauki crack, ƙashi na daga dorina. Hange hyenas aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi. Suna zaune a cikin daji da shekaru 25 a zaman fursuna - har zuwa arba'in.

A mazauninsu na hange hyenas - Wild Afirka

Wannan irin yara za a iya samu ne kawai a Afirka. Mafi na kowa mazauninsu na hange hyenas - dukan ƙasar yankin Saharar Afrika. Wannan shi ne yafi kudu da gabas na Afirka, a kusa da Cape of Good Hope, a bakin dutse Ngorongoro, a Kenya, da Serengeti, Botswana da Namibiya.

Wild Afirka shi ne mai arziki a cikin hamada, kuma Jungle ƙasa, amma akwai hange hyenas ba faruwa. The fi so wurin zama - da Savannah. Wadannan dabbobi ne ba sosai m tare da sauran membobin nasu jinsin, don haka shi ne sau da yawa jefa fitar da taguwar da kuma ruwan kasa hyenas daga gidajensu da wuraren zama.

Mene ne dabbare kura

Wakilai daga irin wannan da wani m baki hancinsa cewa yayi kama da kare, da taso kunnuwa. A dabbare hyenas ne sosai iko muƙamuƙanka, baya gangaren, Hind kafafu guntu fiye da gaba. Duk da m tsawo na kafafu, hyenas iya isa gudu up to 65 km / h. Wata gabar jiki da yara tetradigitate fika ƙi. Lokacin da guje hyenas matse a kan yatsun kafa. Fur dabbobi ne takaice, fãce ga m gashi a kan mayar da wuyansa, kafa mane.

launi

Hange kura yana da dama zaɓuɓɓuka saboda canza launi. Yana iya zama duhu ko kuma haske. Gashi launi - rawaya-kasa-kasa da duhu, ko haske launin ruwan kasa spots a jiki. A muzzle ne baki, a baya na kai yana da wani m ya dafa. Shugaban launin ruwan kasa, ba tare da aibobi. kafafu da wata gabar jiki da tabawa da launin toka. Tail - launin ruwan kasa da baki tip.

murya

Kura hange wallafa zuwa 11 daban-daban audio sakonni. A shafe tsawon kuka, mafi kamar "dariya", wadannan dabbobi suna amfani da su tuntube juna. A lokacin ta faɗa ga ganima suka "dariya ba loto", "dariya", yi gurnani da kururuwa. Moans da kururuwarta ana amfani da su gaisuwa.

Abin sha'awa, a sauti na garken maza shi amsa da wuya ko belatedly, da kuma sakonni da aka ba da mãtã, nan da nan. Low snarl da grunting sauti (tare da bakinsa a rufe) bayyana ta'adi. High "dariya" kamar clucking, da aka buga tare da tashin hankali ko tarzoma (misali, a lokacin da wani kura bi). M da kuma zurfin fašakarwar yi gurnani yara amfani da su kai farmaki da kuma tsaro, a matsayin barazana. Lokacin da Lion kura kai sakonni yan'uwanmu m low snarl.

Matsayi a makarantu

Wild hyenas kasance a matriarchal iyalansu, a kan yankunan da zuwa 1,800 sq. km. A garkunan akwai wani m matsayi. Mãtan zauna a rinjaye matsayi a kan akasin jima'i. A wannan yanayin akwai wani ƙarin rabuwa therebetween. Manya ne babban. Su na farko ci gaba da ci, shakata a gaban daga kogon, aka girma fiye da zurriyarsu. Mãtan da wani m matsayi a cikin fakitin ba su samu wannan gata ba, amma ya kasance a cikin tsakiyar matsayi.

Maza zauna mafi ƙasƙanci rung. A lokaci guda sun kuma kiyaye irin wannan rabuwa. A m mutane da fifiko samun mace. Duk da haka, duk nuna wani na kowa biyayya ga sauran jima'i. Domin kiwo maza sau da yawa shiga sabon swarms.

Daga cikin dabbare hyenas ne m Inter-kabila yaki ga mazauninsu. Iyakoki na ƙasa ne kullum patrolled da wadannan yara da kuma rabu faeces da tsuliya secretions odorous gland. Number daya kabila iya isa daga 10 zuwa 100 mutane.

al'aurar

Hange kura yana da musamman genitalia. All mãtã da jiki a cikin wani nau'i na azzakari. Don rarrabe jima'i da dabbobi iya zama wani gogaggen sana'a. Al'aurar mata kama namiji gabobin. Shasshafa dan tsakar ta ne sosai kama da azzakari. Ƙõramu ne Kwalatai (Scrotum). Clit ta hanyar memba wuce da urogenital canal.

Maqiyan hange hyenas

Wadannan yara da "Har abada" kishiyoyinsu. Lions da hyenas aka kullum da gasar. Wannan gwagwarmaya daukan wani lokacin m siffofin. Kamar hyenas kai farmaki da kadan kwiyakwiyanta, kuma sau da yawa kashe tsohon da rashin lafiya manya. A mayar da martani, Lions kashe kura. The yaki tsakanin yara da kuma ke don abinci. Lions da hyenas sukan kore juna daga samarwa. A nasara ke da mafi yawa "detachment."

Dabbare kura feed

Wadannan dabbobi ne sosai picky a abinci. Amma babban abinci ga hyenas - mũshe. Za su iya farautar da kuma cin wani nama sãbo, amma kuma ba su yi ƙyãmar gawawwakin dabbobi, da kuma wani lokacin ci da dangi. Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, wadannan dabbobi suna sosai ɓullo da muƙamuƙi. Saboda wannan dalili, hange hyenas ci kowane sashi na jiki samar, da barin kadan sirri. Wannan yiwuwar aka gane saboda da musamman narkewa kamar tsarin, kazalika da sosai aiki na ciki da ruwan 'ya'yan itace.

Abin da zai iya ci a kura? Namun daji, Ya halitta na musamman da "masu aikin jinya". Wadannan yara ne iya sha duk - fata, kasusuwa, hooves, ƙahonin, hakora, gashi kuma tumbi. Duk wannan yana narkewar a ciki domin kwana. Wadannan yara ciyar da matattu dabbobi, wanda kusan gaba daya bazu.

Duk da haka, 50% na rage cin abinci hange hyenas jikinsu sun dauki ungulate (karkanda, zebras, barewa, irin gada, da sauransu. D.). Da yara sau da yawa bi da lafiya da kuma tsufa dabbobi. Sun ci, kamar yadda hares, porcupines, bareyi, warthogs da yawa wasu dabbobi. Alal misali, a fakitin hyenas iya kai farmaki har irin Refayawa kamar yadda raƙumin dawa, karkanda da kuma dorina.

farauta

Wadannan yara don adana da suna na matsorata, dabbobi, ko da yake shi ne ba haka ba. A cewar da yawa nazarin, hyenas - kyau kwarai dayansu, wanda Excel a cikin wannan art zakoki. Wadannan scavengers ne mafi aiki da dare. A search abinci kura tafiya mai nisa - har zuwa 70 kilomita kowace rana. A lokacin da rana da suka yi farauta kasa akai-akai, yana fifita zuwa sauran, a cikin inuwa, ko kwance cikin ruwa a cikin m ruwa.

hyenas farauta ne vymatyvanii dogon samar gudu. Wadannan yara zai iya gudu mai nĩsa. Lokacin da suka kama sama da samar, cewa gnaw babbar jini jijiya a kan ƙafafunsa. Hyenas ba makara su wadanda, kamar sauran yara, har ma za a fara tsaga rai jiki.

Farauta faruwa a hanyoyi daban-daban. A kananan-barewa fita singly, irin gada - kananan kungiyoyin na 3 zuwa 4 dabbobi. A farauta emit daban-daban sauti, amma mafi sau da yawa - "dariya", juya cikin wani shafe tsawon kuka.

Tare da kyau kwarai ji na wari, Afirka hyenas ne iya sansana mũshe daga nesa na fiye da 4 kilomita. Saboda farauta da suka yi amfani da gani da mai ji. Duk da har abada yaki tare da na zakoki, hyenas sama da ganima iya ba, idan lafiya adult namiji ne ba a cikin zangon maqiya.

Dabbare Afirka predator - yana da ban mamaki dabba. Kura yana da wasu halaye a cikin karye, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin mafi kyau m. Ta sosai m da taurin kai. Idan wani m kura, shi ne iya yaga ko da ya fi girma dabbobi. A farauta yana kokarin amfani da ƙarfi na muƙamuƙanka, wani mai sauri gudu da kuma ferocity. Yunwa kura da kuma iya kai farmaki mutane. Kamar wancan shi ne da karfi da cewa jikin mutum zai iya gudanar da sauƙi, kuma gallop kadai.

haifuwa

Don asali dabbare kura amfani da burrows na sauran dabbobi ko kananan kogwanni. Kwiyakwiyanta, duk da ya mutunci, ta ba ci. Karuwan malignancy saboda da babban abun ciki na wani androgen hormone. Amma wannan quality aka bai da yanayi ya kare da zuriyata ga mãtan iya kare da kuma ciyar da su matasa, wanda isa jima'i balaga kawai zuwa shekaru 3.

Zuriyya bayyana kafin a fara damana. Hatching matasa mace kamar kwanaki 100. Daya zuriyar dabbobi zai iya ƙunsar har zuwa hudu yara a wani lokaci. Hasken da suka bayyana riga gani da kuma da mai kyau ji. Bayan watanni 3, jariran riga ku auna nauyi fiye da 14 kg.

Idan wani matashi gay, kusan nan da nan bayan haihuwa ta fara gwagwarmaya da mutuwa tsakanin su. Hange kura ciyar da su matasa tare da madara a kan wani shekara, amma duk da haka shi bai hana majiya karfi fara farautar da kuma abinci mai gina jiki a farkon watanni na rayuwa.

Amfanin a cikin yanayin hyenas

Wadannan dabbobi zauna da daya daga cikin manyan wuraren da a gyara ta kunsa Savannah. Wannan halitta "da mãma". Suna kashe a kowace shekara domin kusan 12% na wildebeest a Serengetti, kyale herbivores ya kula da yawa na irin a cikin m iyaka. M samun haihuwa ko rashin lafiya dabbobi a hange hyenas hakora.