Hatsi samuwa rikicin: haddasawa da kuma sakamakon

Hatsi samuwa rikicin ya faru a lokacin da New Tattalin Policy (NEP) a cikin Tarayyar Soviet a shekara ta 1927. A gaskiya, a 1920 da kasar ta gani biyu tattalin arziki da rikicin, wanda ya yi shaida zuwa tsanani matsaloli, ba kawai a cikin aikin noma, amma da masana'antu ga tattalin arziki. Abin baƙin ciki, da ikon shawo kan su ba a koma ga kasuwar hanyoyin, kuma zuwa administrative da mandative tsarin, warware matsaloli ta hanyar karfi, wanda kara worsens da tattalin arziki da halin da ake ciki na manoma da ma'aikata.

abubuwan da ake bukata

A Sanadin hatsi samuwa rikicin dole ne, a nemi a cikin tattalin arziki manufofin biyã da Bolshevik Party a shekaru na 1920. Duk wani shirin na tattalin arziki da walwalar, a matsayin samarwa a lokacin da Lenin, sabon shugabancin karkashin jagorancin Joseph Stalin fĩfĩta su yi aiki da administrative hanyoyin, yana fifita ci gaban da ba noma, da masana'antu Enterprises.

Gaskiyar ita ce, a cikin tsakiyar 1920s, kasar fara rayayye saya da kuma samar da masana'antu kayayyakin a kudi na kauye. hatsi fitarwa zama babban aiki na gwamnati, kamar yadda da kudi samu daga sayar, aka da ake bukata domin samar da masana'antu. Hatsi samuwa rikicin da aka sa ta unequal farashin ga masana'antu da kuma kayayyakin gona. A jihar sayayya hatsi daga manoma a wata low price, yayin da artificially cika da farashin kerarre kaya.

Wannan siyasa ya kai ga cewa manoman sun rage hatsi tallace-tallace. Furfure gazawar a wasu yankunan kasar ya jagoranci wani tabarbarewar halin da ake ciki a kasar, accelerating coagulation na NEP.

samuwa matsala

Hatsi prices, wanda ya nuna cewa jihar manoma aka fili underestimated a kwatanta da kasuwa, ya saba wa ka'idojin da New Tattalin Policy, wanda yakan haifar da wani free tattalin arziki musayar tsakanin gari da kuma kasar. Duk da haka, saboda da siyasa na jihar da cewa kula da farko game da ci gaban masana'antu, manoma rage sayar da hatsi, ko da rage acreage cewa ya bi da shugabannin jam'iyyar da ake zargi da kauye. A halin yanzu, low hatsi farashin bai karfafa manoma wajen samar da aikin gona da samar da abinci.

Saboda haka, a cikin hunturu na 1927-1928 da suka sa jihar miliyan 300 ton na hatsi, da kuma shi ne fiye da miliyan daya m, fiye da bara. Ya kamata a lura cewa da yawan amfanin ƙasa a lokacin yana da kyau ƙwarai. Farmers sun sha wahala ba kawai saboda tawayar farashin, amma kuma daga gaira na kerarre dukiya, wanda shi yana da haka wajibi ne ga noma. A halin da ake ciki ya kara ma saboda gaskiyar cewa a kan maki na isar da hatsi zuwa jihar sau da yawa yana da tarzoma, a Bugu da kari, ƙauyen ne rayayye da jita-jita game da wani yiwu fashewa da yaki, wanda ƙarfafa rashin tunani na yankunan karkara kera domin aikinsu.

Jigon da matsala

Hatsi samuwa rikicin ya kai ga cewa jihar ya rage kudin shiga da ake bukata domin sayan kerarre kaya kasashen waje.

Har ila yau, da gazawar da hatsi samuwa a kasar ya haddasa cewa masana'antu ci gaba da shirin ne a karkashin barazana. Sa'an nan jam'iyyar gangarawa ga tilasta kau burodi ga waɗanda manoma suka ki sayar da hatsi zuwa jihar domin na musamman, sayan farashin, wanda suka ƙananan fiye da kasuwa.

jam'iyyar mataki

Hatsi samuwa rikicin sa a backlash a kasar shugabanci, wanda ya yanke shawarar kai da samar da ragi ga wanda musamman dubawa a fannoni daban daban na kasar. (Stalin ya jagoranci wani rukunin da aka aika zuwa Siberia) aka halicce su. Bugu da ƙari kuma, mun fara manyan sikelin-tsaftacewa a-gizo. A kauyen majalisarku da kuma jam'iyyar Kwayoyin yayi watsi da masu, a cikin ra'ayi na babban jami'in gudanarwa, ba zai iya jimre da samar da hatsi zuwa jihar. Har ila yau ya kafa musamman kungiyoyin na talakawa, wanda aka cire hatsi daga kulaks, da abin da suka samu wani sakamako na kashi 25 hatsi.

sakamakon

Hatsi samuwa rikicin na 1927 ya kai ga m naƙasa daga cikin NEP. Hukumomi ta yi watsi da shirin halittar co-operatives, a kan wanda a lokaci daya kamar yadda Lenin nace, da kuma yanke shawarar halin fasalin harkokin noma, samar da sabon siffofin hulda tsakanin kauyen da kuma jihar a cikin nau'i na gama gonaki da na'ura-kai tashoshin (MTS).

Matsaloli tare da samar da hatsi a cikin birane ya kai ga cewa jam'iyyar ta gabatar da wani abinci da kuma masana'antu katunan soke bayan yakin basasa. Tun da masana'antu kansu zuwa aiki yadda ya kamata saboda da aiki goyon bayan da jihar, duk da matsaloli da aka zarge shi da fists - m manoma. Stalin sa a gaba da sabawa rubuce-rubucensu na intensification na aji gwagwarmaya, wanda ya ba Yunƙurin rage NEP kuma je collectivization a karkara da kuma a biranen masana'antu. A sakamakon haka, manoma da aka hada zuwa fi girma gonaki, da samar da wanda aka tsĩrar zuwa jihar, wanda sanya shi yiwuwa a takaice in mun gwada lokaci don ƙirƙirar mafi girma masana'antu tushe a cikin jihar.