Hawk mujiya: description da kuma hotuna

Hawk mujiya - Sarauniyar na gandun daji a yankin arewacin Eurasia, a kan iyakar Kamchatka da kuma Tekun Okhotsk. Yana kasancewa daya daga cikin mafi m daji da tsuntsaye da yawa a cikin al'ummai ne dauke da wani alama ce na hukunci da ilmi.

bayyanar

Da yawa siffofin rarrabe wannan nau'in daga sauran owls. Its sunan shaho mujiya ya samu domin ta kama da shaho, wanda aka bayyana ba kawai a cikin bayyanar amma kuma a cikin hali da kuma halaye. Bird na matsakaici size, da nauyi ba ya wuce 380 A kananan shugaban tare da suma haske sosai dan kadan flattened fuska Disc, alkalami "kunnuwa" a kan shi a can. Idanu da kuma baki rawaya. wingspan na kimanin 70-80 cm. A mãtã na wannan size kamar maza, kuma wani lokacin a can ne ya fi girma. Ƙafãfu da baki fika an rufe tare da kyawawan m fins.

A] aukacin launi ne duhu launin ruwan kasa da haske specks a baya, wuyansa da kuma kafadu. The m surface na ciki da kuma kirji na da pronounced mai gangara zane. Nadhvoste dan kadan m baya. An yi imani da cewa da shekaru zama m shaho mujiya. Hotuna da kwatancin waɗannan tsuntsaye bari ka ga yadda data kasance jiki na haske da duhu zane, Crappie da kuma bũlãla sake kamanni mujiya karkashin Birch haushi. Saboda wannan shi ne ake kira da launi Birch mujiya.

habitats

A gandun daji na North America, taiga tsiri a Turai da kuma Asiya, tsakiyar Rasha da kuma Siberia - inda tsuntsu fi son zuwa gida. Kadan na kowa shaho mujiya a cikin Tien Shan, a Mongolia, Sakhalin da Primorye.

Taiga, gandun daji tundra - mafi fi so habitats na owls. Suka zauna a riverine spruce a gandun daji girma tare da kewaye da manyan swamps, duk inda da yawa daga itace na coniferous ciyayi. Sau da yawa, wadannan tsuntsaye gida a cikin withering clearings, tsohon konewa. Favorite mazauninsu a duwatsun kwarin suna gudana saukar daga duwãtsu da kõguna da fadamun peripherals.

Hanyar domin ganewa na owls

A cike lissafin kudi na shaho mujiya ne quite tricky, t. Don. Domin wannan hanya kana so ka ciyar a kan marshy da wuya ƙasa. Tare da nassi na wadannan yankunan iya kunna kiša kururuwarta na mace da namiji ga manufar mafi hadewa.

A kan aiwatar da neman sosai binciki kuma m fi na karya itatuwa. A mafi sauki hanyar gudanar da wannan aiki a lokacin da wuya fledglings tashi daga cikin gida da kuma suna located kusa da rassan bishiyoyi da auku kututturan.

Winter za a iya bambanta a cikin dusar ƙanƙara sawaye bar ta da wani mujiya. Sun bambanta daga burbushi na sauran wakilan wannan iyali ne kasa pronounced X-dimbin yawa. Saboda karfi pubescence na dungu kwafi, wanda ya fita da shaho mujiya a cikin dusar ƙanƙara, mai hazo. A lokacin da dasa a Bugu da kari wata alama daga wani wutsiya.

matsakaitan abinci

Ciyar da wadannan owls zai fi dacewa kananan hakori. Wani lokaci su zama ganima da tsuntsãye. Farko, kuma farkon shaho mujiya gumãkan hakori (lemmings, ja-goyon baya vole). Binciken da za'ayi da ma'aikata na Kandalaksha Reserve, ya nuna cewa snow-free lokaci na nestling abinci ne 98 bisa dari na wadannan dabbobi. Kuma da rinjaye - a vole. A katsin bar ta tsuntsaye, da samu ko da ragowar frogs. A cikin gandun daji na Finland da kuma Norway, irin wannan karatu sun kuma nuna cewa wani muhimmin bangare ne na rage cin abinci na shaho owls ne hakori, kuma tsuntsaye raba bayyana kadan fiye da daya bisa dari.

Kuma kawai a cikin hunturu kakar shaho mujiya ke farauta ita, yafi tsuntsaye. A farko wuri - shi ne da fari Partridge, takaddamarsu da kuma kananan passerine wakilan.

farauta

Ba kawai bayyanar, amma kuma da hali na mujiya ne sosai kama da shaho. Yana farauta ita kagaggun lokacin da rana, wani lokacin a faɗuwar rana. Kamar sauran tsuntsaye masu cin nama suke zaune a cikin dazuzzuka, wani mujiya Picks sama gudun, yin m flapping fukafukinsa, sa'an nan amai su har yanzu faruwa a gaba.

Iya abke fada daga wani babban itace, da kuma a babban gudun ga wani lokacin Flying ba kasa da wata ɗari mita, abruptly karu har zuwa baya up. Wani lokaci, tashi a kusa da ƙasa, ta flips ta hanyar reshe da wani dutse dama saukar. Wannan ya faru saboda haka azumi cewa za ka iya kawai ga abin da aka riga zaune tare da ganima shaho mujiya.

Description of yadda predator dubi ga abincinsa, ya yi kama da halaye na mai shaho. Mafarautan a bude mai faɗi, da mujiya kawai rataye a cikin iska, neman saukar. An sau da yawa amfani da wani kallo post m tsaye matattu itatuwa. Neman a kusa da kan sasanninta unguwa for rabin awa, ya tashi zuwa wani itace.

nesting

dabbar ta hanyar canjin zamani, shaho mujiya fara a watan Maris. A watan Afrilu, ta shirya wani wuri zuwa sa su qwai, ko amfani da wannan tsohon wani ta gida. Yawancin lokaci mujiya daukan halitta hollows, located yawanci a spruce ko Pine, kuma a very high altitudes - wani talakawan na 14-15 mita. Sau da yawa da shi sheƙarsu a kan da na fi oblomyshey, ya magance cikin Arch cavities. Birds tsayar da nisa tsakanin ramummuka daga daya zuwa bakwai kilomita, dangane da yawa daga cikin kungiyar.

A watan Afrilu-May, da mace kayansa mãsu qwai. A talakawan ne 4-5 qwai da kama. A wani kakar arziki a murine hakori, su yawan iya isa zuwa wani dozin. A qwai ne daga game da 35 zuwa 40 mm. Hawk Mujiya a gida behaves mafadaci. Da zarar jin bayyanar wani kusa, ta fara ihu da ƙarfi, yawo daga wuri zuwa wuri, da kuma a yanayin saukan hadari, da mace da namiji rayayye kare gida, baki dũkan a maƙiyi ta kai.

kajin

Shiryawa yana game da wata, da kuma riga akwai yara a duniya a watan Yuni. Da farko kaya ne wani farin fluff, wanda a hankali ya zama m ripples feathering. A kan wani duhu na fuska Disc tsaya fita fari girare da kuma guda launi elongated madauwari spots karkashin idanun. Black spots located a kusa da ido, saje sama da baki.

Duk da yake jiran isowa daga iyaye, a zaune a cikin gida kajin emit a irin wanda muryarsa ta duƙushe amo irin na jemage. Bayan 3 weeks, sun riga sun kusan guda launin gashi kamar yadda ya fara tasawa shaho mujiya, mai kyau photo nuna musamman da yake launinta. Wani mummunan kasancewa iya tashi, kajin ƙara zama a kan rassan a kusa da gida, furta a wannan bushe-bushe sautuna.

A lõkacin da samarin owls kiwon a watan, sun iya tashi a kan nasu kewayon 20 zuwa mita 30. Amma na dogon lokaci, iyaye ci gaba da kula da su matasa, ban da tsoro kai hare hare duk wanda dares su kusanci su. Duk da haka, sai su kirãyi m, ma'ana hatsarin sigina, tilasta majiya karfi Fade a matsayin shafi. Iyaye ma ya ba da wani kira na ƙarfin hali. Independent rai na matasa owls fara kewaye Satumba.

Very high mace-mace na nestlings. Ko da tare da manyan clutches brood yana yawanci ba fiye da uku da tsuntsaye. A yankunan da yawa, riga a kan gab da nau'i nau'i ne shaho mujiya. The Red Littafi na tsakiya Urals, da Moscow yankin da kuma sauran yankuna na da irin wannan hada owls, tare da wasu, a cikin bukatar da kariya daga dabbobi.