High-gudun jiragen kasa. The gudun high-gudun jirgin kasa

A Railway ya kusa ga daruruwan shekaru. A wannan lokaci da jirgin kasa ya wuce wata babbar juyin hanya daga m trolleys, ana motsa da hannu a tunkuɗa up superhighways inji aiki a kan manufa da Magnetic levitation. Yau Railway Express ne a kusan kowace kasa. Bari mu ga, abin da yake ya fi sauri jirgin kasa a Rasha da kuma a duk duniya. A nan ne rating nuna wanda za a iya isa gudu daga kan tazarar kilomita 300 a kowace awa.

Belgium

A sha ɗaya wuri - Belgium TGV sadarwa jerin (Train à Grande Vitesse). Wadannan jiragen kasa da aka ɓullo da a farkon shekarar 1987, kuma ya je ya taso daga Amsterdam zuwa birnin Paris, wucewa Cologne da kuma Brussels. Express jiragen kasa da aka sa a cikin aiki a 1997.

Modern HSL 1 gudanar a kan wani high-gudun line, wadda ta ha babban birnin kasar Belgium, Faransa railway. A hanya daga Paris zuwa Brussels (300 km) jirgin kasa gudanar a kawai 82 minutes. Ya talakawan gudun kusa da tazarar kilomita 300 a kowace awa. Ba zato ba tsammani, wannan hanya ba cheap sufuri. High-gudun jirgin kasa tikitin Kudinsa 88 Tarayyar Turai (sau biyu mai rahusa fiye da iska tafiya). Duk da haka, abubuwa na wani m rangwame tsarin.

Taiwan

Ten fi sauri jiragen kasa na duniya yana buɗewa da Taiwan locomotive THSR 700T. Long, tsauri da kuma m. "Shinkansen" prototypes da misalai don ƙirƙirar shi ne a Japan jirgin kasa. Matsakaicin aiki gudun ne Taiwan Express tazarar kilomita 300 a kowace awa. Duk da haka, a shekarar 2005, ya kai alamar 315 kilomita. Wanne yarda THSR 700T shiga saman goma fi sauri.

Locomotive gudanar daga Arewa zuwa Kudu na Taipei, Kaohsiung. Goma sha biyu dadi da motoci da tafiya iya hau sama zuwa 989 fasinjoji. The jirgin kasa ne da ya shahara ba kawai domin ta gudu amma kuma cikin aminci da kuma daidaito.

Jamus

Tara wuri a cikin ranking suna shagaltar da Jamusanci high-gudun horar da InterCity Express (ICE). The gudun irin wannan model reluwe Strasbourg Paris kai 320 kilomita awa. Yau kar ICE - Waɗannan su ne babban Jamus jirgin kasa mai nisa. Su ma zo a cikin gaba Tarayyar Turai, da kuma Rasha (misali, high-gudun horar Moscow - St. Petersburg).

A Jamus, mun fara samar high-gudun model a shekarar 1985, lokacin da kasar da aka kasu kashi biyu. Kuma a kan na farko jirgin kasa reluwe tashi a 1991, bayan hadewar. Mock ICE-V ci gaba a cikin gwajin yanayin, gudun 407 kilomita awa. Duk da haka, a cikin aiki, sai aka ba saki.

A shekarar 1984 da kamfanin fara ci gaban Transrapid gwajin na Railway layi tsakanin biranen Laten da Derpy aiki a kan wani tsarin na "maglev". A wannan reshe jirgin kasa zai karba gudun har zuwa 420 km. Amma saboda bala'i da cewa ya faru a kan cewa kashe mutane 23 line a watan Satumba na shekarar 2006, da kaddamar da "Maglev" da aka dakatar da illa ma sha Allahu. Yau, da wannan layin dogo locomotives tafi kawai a matsayin yawon shakatawa yawon shakatawa da kuma jan hankali.

Ingila

A na takwas wuri a cikin ranking - Birtaniya high-gudun jiragen kasa. Top wakilan - a Burtaniya Rail Class 373 da Eurostar. Su gudu jeri daga 300 zuwa 335 kilomita. Wadannan lantarki jerin TGV (Faransa samfurin) aka sa a cikin aiki, a 1994, da kuma gudu tsakanin kasashen uku: Birtaniya, Faransa da kuma Belgium. Musu da hanyarsu ne ta hanyar sanannen Railway rami a karkashin English Channel. Ba zato ba tsammani, da rami - na biyu mafi tsawo a duniya.

Idan ka koma cikin kudi, sa'an nan ka bukatar ka ce game da rikodin kafa ta Eurostar locomotive a 2003 - 334,7 kilomita awa. All hanya daga Paris zuwa London a cikin wannan jirgin kasa daukan 136 minti.

London horar da mafi capacious a duniya. Suna iya haura zuwa 900 fasinjoji. Bugu da kari, high-gudun fasinja jirgin kasa Eurostar an dauki daya daga cikin mafi tsawo locomotives - ya kai gare shi 394 mita a tsawon kuma yana da 20 motoci a jirgin kasa.

Koriya ta Kudu

Bakwai wuri a cikin ranking Korean jirgin kasa KTX Sancheon. Its gudun - daga 305 zuwa 352 kilomita. Lokomotiv fara da farko hanya a 2009. A developer - a duniya shahara kamfanin Hyundai Rotem, wanda shi ne dalilin halittar locomotive dauki Faransa TGV fasaha.

Electric mallaki kasa Railway na Korea ta Kudu. Kuma duk da rikodin kafa a 2004 (352 km / h), da kar gudun aka kusan ba ya wuce da maki na 305 kilomita. Duk wannan shi ne domin kare lafiya dalilai, ba shakka. KTX Sancheon - capacious (har zuwa 363 fasinjoji), dadi da kuma na zamani model gudanar a kan Seoul - Pusan da Yongsan - Mokpo (a Kwangju).

Italiya

A shida wuri - Italiya kar ETR-500. Ya full name - Elettro Treno Rapido 500. A jirgin kasa da aka saki a Roma a shekarar 1993. A talakawan aiki gudun Express ne 300km / h. Amma wa littafinsa a cikin 362 kilometer locomotive tsĩrar da a shekarar 2009, lokacin tuki ta hanyar wani rami dake haɗa Bologna zuwa Florence.

Lokaci a lokacin da ETR-500 nasara your hanya (Bologna - Milano), shi ne kasa da awa daya. Ba zato ba tsammani, wannan shekara shirya saki a Italiya kawai shida sabon ƙarni na ETR-100 locomotives. Wadannan inji za su iya karba gudun tsakanin 350 da kuma 400 km / h.

Spain

Biyar daga cikin gaggawa bude da Spanish high-gudun jiragen kasa kerarre da wani ciniki kamfanin Alta Velocidad Española, ko rage tsawon Ave. Wannan raguwa ne ba ta hanyar kwatsam. A Spanish, "da Ave" na nufin "tsuntsu." Mafi shahara model na kamfanin - shi ne mai alatu kar jirgin kasa Ave Talgo-350. Yana da gaske tashi kamar tsuntsu, kai gudu daga 330 km / h.

Ave Talgo-350 - a high-gudun jirgin kasa da kuma dadi domin har zuwa 318 mutane. Ya gudanar tsakanin Madrid, Valladolid da Barcelona. A 2004, a lokacin da gwaje-gwaje da kuma gwaji, da locomotive sun iya overclock up zuwa iyakar gudun - 365 km / h. Af, shi ne ake kira "duck". Wannan jirgin kasa da aka yi wa lakabi saboda ta tsawon kafin, a fili karfi da kama wani duck ta baki.

China

Kuma karo na hudu, da kuma na uku wuraren da ake dauka ta hanyar da Sin high-gudun locomotives.

A karo na hudu - "tsarki Sin» CRH380A. Its manufacturer - mafi girma na kasa kamfanin domin samar da layin dogo motoci - CSR Qingdao Sifang Locomotive da Rolling Stock Company. Locomotive gudãnar har zuwa 380 kilomita awa. Kuma a kan gwajin ya kafa wa littãfinsa - 486 kilomita. CRH380A - dadi da kuma na ɗaki high-gudun jirgin kasa Beijing - Shanghai, Shanghai - Hangzhou da kuma Guangzhou - Wuhan. Da kullum flights, ya fara yi tare da Satumba 2010.

Na uku wuri - don Sin Shanghai Maglev Train. Shi ne iya samar da wani gudun 431 zuwa 501 kilomita awa. The jirgin kasa aiki a kan manufa da Magnetic dakatar "maglev", wanda bai kafa kansa da Jamus. Ba zato ba tsammani, Shanghai Maglev ɓullo da ba na kasar Sin, amma wannan Jamusawa. Ya samfur ya Jamus locomotive Transrapid SMT. Sin high-gudun jirgin kasa da aka samu izini a 2004 a birnin Shanghai. A iyakar gudu a wadda ta gudanar a kowace rana tare da hanya Shanghai - Airport ba ya wuce 431 km / h. Duk da haka, shi iya da kuma more. A gwaji locomotive tarwatsa zuwa 501 kilomita awa!

Faransa

Na biyu a duniya domin gudun - shi ne Faransa TGV jirgin jerin. Sun yi tafiya a kan hanyoyi daga Faransa zuwa Switzerland da Jamus. A matsakaita gudun model - da 320 km / h. A rikodin aka kafa a shekara ta 2007 da kuma zambar 574,8 km / h.

Faransa high-gudun jirgin kasa tsarin da Train Grande Vitesse - daya daga cikin mafi shahara da kuma fi sauri a duniya. Sun akai-akai doke duniya gudun records. A ci gaba da irin wannan model fara a Faransa a shekarun 1960s. Shi ne mai mayar da martani ga halittar da Japan "Sinkansenov". Yau, France alfahari wata babbar high-gudun Lines (a kan 1,700 kilomita) da 4,000 locomotives bakwai jinsin.

Land of mafitar rãnã

Saboda haka, da muka zo ya fi sauri jirgin kasa a duniya. Kuma wannan Japanese jerin "Shinkansen» (Shinkansen). The gudun high-gudun jiragen kasa - 581 km / h. Yana karya duk duniya records to date. Japan kasance kasa ta farko daga ta dogo tsarin ware raba line for high-gudun hanyoyi. A farko wannan tsarin ya sanya matukin gudu a shekarar 1964. Yana da aka ƙare ta zo daidai da wasannin Olympics a birnin Tokyo. Route: Tokyo - Osaka.

A farko locomotive, "Shinkansen" da aka yi a cikin nau'i na harsasai, Saboda haka ya dace sunan. Ko a yau, da Japan jirgin kasa a kan tsohon-kera hanya da ake kira "harsasai". Yana kuma wata alama ce da su high-gudun fasalin. Express gaske tashi tare da gudun wani harsashi. Al'ada gudun "Shinkansen" - 443 km / h. Kuma da cikakkar duniya rikodin, wanda aka kafa a 2003, ta kai alamar 581 km.

Modern "Shinkansen" - wani dadi high-gudun kar jirgin kasa, wanda yana a cikin abun da ke ciki na goma sha shida da karfi da kuma ci da motoci. Japan engine ne ba kawai ya fi sauri a duniya, amma kuma da safest. Shekara arba'in da biyar na aiki da jirgin kasa na wannan alama taba samu a cikin wani manyan hatsari! Babu jikkata, babu lalacewar - cikakken aminci.

Ba zato ba tsammani, da Tokyo dogo cibiyar sadarwa ne busiest a duniya. A lokacin ta zama, "Shinkansen" jiragen kasa kwashe fiye da shida biliyan fasinjoji! Babu sauran layi ba zai iya gadara da irin wannan adadi.

The fi sauri, mafi amintattu, amma kuma mafi m, a duniya. Saboda haka, da nisa daga Osaka zuwa Tokyo locomotive tashi for 145 minti. Kuma a cikin 2003, ya kammala 160 daga cikin wadannan flights, "Shinkansen" karkata daga jadawalin kawai shida seconds ...

Rasha

Our kasa ne, ba shakka, ba zai iya gadara da irin wannan m Figures, da kuma 300 km / h Rasha locomotives ba kamfata. Duk da haka, za mu iya ma taƙama high-gudun hanyoyi.

Kafin shekarar 2009, a kan hanya Moscow - St. Petersburg bi jirgin kasa ER200. Its sauri kamar yadda ya riga ya yiwuwa a fahimci daga sunan, shi ne 200 km / h. Kuma a lokacin gwajin locomotive sun iya overclock har zuwa 210 kilomita. A shekara ta 2009, shi ne mu'ujiza na fasahar rubuta kashe, kuma ya aka maye gurbinsu da high-gudun jirgin kasa "Sapsan". Wannan sunan locomotive aka mai suna bayan da peregrine shaho, wanda aka dauke cikin gaggawa tsuntsu a duniya. The jirgin kasa da aka tsara da kuma tattara a Jamus. A ganiya shi zai iya ci gaba da wani gudun 300 km / h. A manufacturer (Siemens) ta kafa wani matsakaicin zane gudun 350 kilomita awa. A lokacin gwajin gudanar a mu Railway locomotive tarwatsa zuwa 290 km / h. Train "Sapsan" motsa a kan hanya Moscow - St. Petersburg. Wannan nesa da ta shimfida a kan hudu hours, da matsakaita gudun ne 166 km / h. Shi ba more watsar domin kare lafiya. Af, da kar daga Moscow zuwa Nizhny Novgorod, kullum motsa a gudun kilomita 160 a kowace awa ...

A Rasha, a karo na biyu wuri bayan "Peregrine Falcon" tsaye da sauri jirgin kasa "Swallow". An kuma aka ci gaba da Jamusanci kamfanin Siemens. Yana da aka musamman aika zuwa Rasha a farkon gasar Olympics Winter a Sochi. Ya kunshi biyar motoci da kuma wani tsawon har zuwa 130 mita. Yana iya ma za a sarrafa a dual yanayin (tare da Bugu da kari na biyar motoci). "Tsattsewa" kudi ne m - har zuwa 160 km / h. An tsara don kewayen birni hanyoyi da kuma sanye take da babban dandamali. Yau, wadannan jiragen kasa gudu daga Moscow, St. Petersburg da kuma Krasnodar. Kazalika da jiragen kasa da kuma a Sochi Tuapse.

A Rasha, sabanin sauran kasashe, mai raba kwazo high-gudun Lines yi ba. Kuma high-gudun jirgin kasa "Ki haɗiye", kuma ba kasa m "Sapsan" tafiya cikin riga pre-data kasance, albeit sabunta hanyoyin, hanyoyi. Bugu da kari, gabatar da wadannan bayyana, muna da cire wasu hankali hanya. Wannan, bi da bi, ya sa da yawa daga damunsu cikin gida yawan. Kuma da kudin tikiti na wadannan jiragen kasa ne quite high, ko da bukatunsu na Turai da kuma Asiya. A lokacin da tafiya zuwa locomotive daga Moscow zuwa St Petersburg za ka biya kamar yadda za a ba idan aka jefa a can da jirgin sama.