Hydrocephalus: cututtuka. Hydrocephalus Brain: Sanadin, bincike da kuma magance

High intracranial matsa lamba - shi ne mai ganewar asali, wanda shi ne saba wa mutane da yawa. Yana da quite na kowa. A wannan yanayin, shi ne sau da yawa kuskuren sanya, ba tare da isasshen bincike. Amma a ainihin Pathology ne tsanani cututtuka. Daya daga cikinsu - hydrocephalus. Alamun cutar sun recognizable isa kuma zai iya haifar da tsanani sakamakon.

A bit na Anatomy

A lokacin al'ada aiki na mutum kwakwalwa ne kullum wanke da share ruwa. Yana amfanin jiki da kuma kare shi. The ruwa circulates a cikin sarari tsakanin taushi da kuma choroid hemispheres da cerebellum. A cikin jiki akwai wata musamman wuri - tanki, inda shi accumulates. Suna located a gindi daga cikin kwanyar. Wadannan tankuna suna da alaka da juna da kuma laka. The m al'amari na ruwa dake a cikin hudu ventricles. Wannan shi ne al'ada.

Samar cerebrospinal ruwa daga jini. jimlar kudi ne 150 ml. Kan aiwatar da bunkasa ruwa da kuma tsotsa ne a ma'auni. Disharmony na auna na tsanani sakamakon. Bewafa fara tara a kwakwalwa. By wannan results a cikin ko dai wani karu a sha, wani karuwa a samar.

Idan gaji da damuwa da outflow na ruwa, da mãsu haƙuri tasowa hydrocephalus. A bayyanar cututtuka za a iya lura a jarirai da kuma manya. A tushen matsalar shi ne takaita da tashar tsakanin ventricles ko illa sha na jiki ruwaye. Domin fahimtar Pathology kamata a yi la'akari, shi ya dubi kamar kwakwalwa (photo ne a cikin takarda). Sau da yawa m cutar da ake bincikar lafiya a cikin jariri. A cewar statistics, kowane 500th baby haife a cikin duniya, mallakan da muka ambata a sama tsanani matsalar.

Wani lokaci da cutar ba nakasar cuta. Medicine, akwai lokuta inda ãyõyin hydrocephalus aka samu a lokacin rayuwa da hali. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, ta haddasawa kwanta rashin lafiya. Sau da yawa shi ne cerebrovascular cuta na kwakwalwa tsokani wani mummunan cuta.

-daban na cuta

Hydrocephalus aka bambanta bisa ga siffofin da haddasawa. Yau a magani, akwai da dama sukayi fassara da cutar.

By ruwa jari wuri da cutar ne zuwa kashi iri:

1. Ciki hydrocephalus. Bewafa (CSF) tattara a cikin ventricles a wani wuce haddi adadin.
2. External hydrocephalus kwakwalwa. Haka kuma an kira da matsanancin. Tare da wannan nau'i na cutar da ake lura da jari na cerebrospinal ruwa a cikin subarachnoid sarari. A wasu kalmomin, da ruwa da aka sarrafa a kusa da kwanyar.
3. Total hydrocephalus. A wannan nau'i na sayar da giya dauke cikin kwakwalwa. Ya samu a cikin ventricles da subarachnoid sarari. Wannan nau'i na da wani sunan - gauraye hydrocephalus.

A Sanadin cutar a yara

Babban factor sa ciwo a jarirai masu wuya haihuwa. Matsayin mai mulkin, muna magana ne game da wani dogon bushe lokacin da tayin ko yaro haihuwa raunin samu.

Wani lokaci akwai ruwa jari a cikin kwakwalwa na wani yaro wanda shi ne har yanzu a cikin mahaifa. Wannan Pathology an haɗa tare da canja wurin da mace mai ciki cututtuka da kuma kwayar cututtuka. Musamman m herpes, toxoplasmosis, salivary gland shine yake cuta.

An dauke da ya fi na kowa nakasar hydrocephalus kwakwalwa. Ta bayyanar cututtuka fara zuwa bayyana kanta a cikin watannin farko na rayuwa. Duk da haka, a cikin mazan yara na iya zama wani rashin lafiya. Sources, har suka sa rashin lafiya mai tsanani, da yawa. Daga cikin su akwai:

• kwakwalwa marurai (kamar kwakwalwa da kuma laka).
• meningitis.
• encephalitis.
• cututtuka (tarin fuka).
• kwakwalwa da kuma jijiyoyin bugun gini malformations.
• hemorrhage.
• traumatic kwakwalwa rauni.
• kwayoyin cuta.

Wani lokaci tushen da mummunan cuta da ba ma iya shigar.

A Sanadin cutar a manya

Ba wai kawai yin da yara samu wani mummunan ganewar asali. Yana iya sa a kowane zamani. Akwai hydrocephalus, ko kamar yadda aka popularly kira, dropsy na kwakwalwa a manya saboda da canjawa wuri cututtuka:

• zub da jini a cikin kwakwalwa.
• bugun jini.
• kwakwalwa tiyata.
• meningitis.
• oncological cututtuka na kwakwalwa.
• traumatic kwakwalwa rauni.
• atrophy na kwakwalwa.

A mafi yawan lokuta, cerebrovascular cuta na kwakwalwa (atherosclerosis, bugun jini, hauhawar jini) zama real cike da ya haifar da ci gaban hydrocephalus.

Clinical alamun cuta a cikin yara

Cerebrospinal ruwa (CSF) yana yin wani muhimmin aiki a cikin jiki. Yana amfanin jiki da kwakwalwa duk gina jiki da kuma ta kawar daga shi slag. Dace outflow na ruwa Yanã da al'ada aiki na Babban jiki. Duk wani take hakkin ya sayar da giya ne fraught da sakamakon. Bayan da ruwa fitarwa ba ya canja. A sakamakon haka, da ventricles ambaliya. A sakamakon, akwai su fadada.

The fi na kowa a cikin ganewar asali "hydrocephalus" bayyanar cututtuka:

• wani m karuwa da kai (acquires mai siffar zobe siffar).
• da jariri ne sosai whiny kuma m.
• Toddler sau da yawa vomits copiously.
• fontanel lẽƙãwa a kan surface na kwanyar, babu pulsation.
• neonatal idanu matsawa saukar, hangen nesa tabarbarewa.Idan, wani lokacin akwai wani squint.
• iya samun seizures.
• tsumburai jiki da hankulansu ci gaban;
• M amai da shugaban da baya.
• kodadde fata.
• jitter kuma Chin wata gabar jiki.

A mazan yara, da shugaban da aka ba girma, saboda kwanyar ƙasũsuwa sun Fused tare. The ruwa zai har yanzu tara. Wannan bayyanuwar likita zai duba a lokacin da muka dubi kwakwalwa scans. Hotuna za su kasance sosai daban-daban daga cikin image da suke a lafiya mutane. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, yara annoba mai tsanani da ciwon kai, amai, ji na tashin zuciya. Iya samun wani karu a ji da gani. The yaro yana da wani rauni a can.

Symptomatology na da cuta a cikin manya

Bambanta da wadannan cututtuka da hydrocephalus:

• dizziness, zafi.
• tashin zuciya, amai.
• noises a kai.
• seizures.
• motsi cuta da kuma neurological ayyuka.
• rage aikinta, da bayyanar apathy, ciki;
• Heart hangen nesa.

A fasalin da cutar mazan mutane ne na al'ada ko kadan karuwa a intracranial matsa lamba. A kananan sabawa daga na kullum characterizes al'ada matsa lamba hydrocephalus. Squeezing da launin toka al'amari a kudi na ruwa take kaiwa zuwa ga halaka da kwakwalwa.

Idan gauraye canzawa ne suka kamu da hydrocephalus, da ciki matsa lamba bai tashi ba, domin sau da yawa cutar Dalilin ta'allaka a cikin kwakwalwa atrophy. Saboda haka, cikin ruwa kawai ya cika sarari. Wannan sarari ne sakamakon atrophy.

Features waje hydrocephalus

Kamar a sama lura, wannan cutar halin jari na ruwa a kusa da kwanyar. Sayar da giya zai iya yardar kaina sadarwa tare da kowane na da sarrafawa. Irin wannan waje hydrocephalus kwakwalwa da ake kira bude. An Rufe form ya shafi cikakken rabuwa da duk sarari tare da ruwa.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka da cutar bayyana gajiya, wani rauni, drowsiness. Akwai iya zama biyu da hangen nesa, da ciwon kai. A wasu lokuta - tashin zuciya, amai. Bi rashin lafiya sosai daidaituwa na motsi, canji a Gait. Wani lokaci irin wannan fasali kara incontinence.

Akwai lokuta, a cikinsa akwai imperceptible ci gaban hydrocephalus. A bayyanar cututtuka su ne gaba daya ba a nan na dogon lokaci. A haƙuri an kiyaye matsa lamba karuwa. Ciwon kai ba ya faruwa.

Insidious form aka dauke su tsakaita hydrocephalus. An halin rashi na cututtuka da dama shekaru. A daya batu a haƙuri da yanayin tabarbarewa.Idan. Source na matsalar ta'allaka ne da cerebral wurare dabam dabam. Yawancin lokaci, ganewar asali da "m kwakwalwa hydrocephalus" a mafi yawan lokuta an ajiye su da ka. A likita lura da munanan a fundus jarrabawa.

Nuances ciki hydrocephalus

Wannan irin cuta halin da jari na ruwa a cikin ventricles. Ciki hydrocephalus iya haifar daga matalauta sha na CSF a cikin nama. Dalilan da wannan sabon abu za a iya canjawa wuri cututtuka, bugun jini, subarachnoid a yankin jannayẽnsa occlusion da thrombus.

A halayyar bayyanuwar cutar zama mai tsanani da ciwon kai. Don ta sau da yawa da alaka tashin zuciya, sosai na gani da auditory ayyuka. Duk da haka, kamar yadda a cikin sama yadda aka bayyana nau'i na cuta, moderately m hydrocephalus iya ba bayyana kanta ta wani alama.

A general nau'i na cutar

A ci gaba da irin wannan hydrocephalus ake dangantawa da jari na ruwa a cikin ventricles, kuma a cikin yankunan kusa da kwanyar. An yi imani da cewa ci gaban kwakwalwa atrophy aka tsokane gauraye hydrocephalus. By wannan nau'i na cutar sakamakon a fadada daga cikin ventricles da subarachnoid sarari. Duk da haka, da suka ragu tsokani wani karuwa a kwakwalwa nama atrophy.

Hadin gwiwa maye Hydrocephalus - mai tsanani da rashin lafiya a cikin abin da kwakwalwa sarari sauya cerebrospinal ruwa. A hadarin ga wannan nau'i na cutar sun hada da mutane da shekaru suka yi kamu hauhawar jini, atherosclerosis. Replenish wannan category na marasa lafiya da rashin zaman lafiya a wuyansa vertebrae, ya halartar girgizawa. Hadarin don samun wani mummunan cuta, da kuma mutanen da suke da m barasa.

A wannan nau'i na bayyanar cututtuka iya zama gaba daya ba a nan. Ko bayyana da m dizziness, naci drowsiness, tashin zuciya da amai.

diagnosing da rashin lafiya

A ganewar asali mai yiwuwa ne kawai bayan da wani cikakken jarrabawa na haƙuri. Da farko, a hankali karatu da ocular fundus. Next, da haƙuri da aka rika sha ƙarin karatu kamar neurosonography, MRI, CT. Zargin mummunan cuta daga halayyar bayyanar cututtuka da kuma sanya farko ganewar asali iya ilimin (pediatrician), a neonatologist, a neurosurgeon ko neurologist.

Domin jariran har zuwa 2 years old ne sau da yawa amfani da wani tasiri Hanyar - neurosonography. Irin wannan hanya ne yiwu muddin neonatal fontanelle aikata ba kusa. A jarirai, akwai sauran yankin na kwanyar, halin da bakin ciki sosai kashi. Wadannan wurare ne ma kyau kwarai "ultrasonic windows." Alal misali, boko kashi ne da-dace domin wannan binciken. Wannan hanya damar domin sanin fadada daga cikin ventricles, bayyanãwa gaban sarari-mamaye raunuka (cysts, haematomas, ƙari), diagnosing wasu laifuffukan kwakwalwa. Tare da wannan duka muka ambata a sama Hanyar ba daidai isa. Saboda haka da yara yi kyau MRI.

A rarrabe ne da ikon gane asali adult don sauraron haƙuri gunaguni. Yana da wani sosai data tarin kuma neurological jarrabawa bayar da shawarar da ci gaban wannan Pathology. Duk da haka, irin wannan jarrabawa ne bai isa ba, domin kammala ganewar asali. Saboda haka, adult marasa lafiya likita ya bada shawarar wani MRI. Wannan nazari ya nuna wani kwakwalwa Pathology.

Adult Angiography iya amfani maimakon X-haskoki na kwanyar tomography. Idan da ya faru na cuta hade da wani kwayar cutar, a dakin gwaje-gwaje gwajin da aka sanya wa DNA ko antibodies pathogens. A adult hydrocephalus bambance tare da kwakwalwa siffofin maruran. The yara - rikitarwa na rickets.

magani

Tare da wani jinkirin ci gaban da cutar za a iya zaba ra'ayin mazan jiya far. A manya, wannan magani Hanyar kayyade bude nau'i na cutar. Ya kamata a fahimci cewa zabi wani hanya don magance cutar Picks sama ne kawai likita.

Yawancin lokaci, hydrocephalus kwakwalwa bukatar da wadannan mazan jiya magani:

1. Rage high intracranial matsa lamba. Domin irin wannan dalilai likita nada nufin "Diakarb" "Furosemide". Sami data shirye-shirye sanya tsawon lokaci. Sau da yawa shi ne mai tambaya na 'yan watanni.
2. Rage adadin ruwa. Ya dauki mafi kyau duka miyagun ƙwayoyi "glycerol" "mannitol".
3. Ƙarfafa tasoshin da cikakken electrolyte balance. Don cimma wannan sakamako, yi amfani potassium kari.
4. Rage na sayar da giya. Shi ne mai kyau kayan aiki "Acetazolamide."
5. Medical needling. Wannan hanya ne kawai dace da jarirai. Wannan hanya na cire wuce haddi da ruwa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyar nezarosshy fontanelle.
6. Restorative far. Marasa lafiya yawanci nada ta Pine, gishiri wanka. Zabi na musamman hanya na bitamin. Complementing wannan far desensitizing jamiái.
7. Jiyya cututtuka cewa jawo ci gaban hydrocephalus. A dacewar wannan magani saboda da samu nau'i na cutar.

A hali na rashin cin nasara na sama jiyya, likitoci bayar da shawarar tiyata. Danae hanya damar marasa lafiya a cimma wata dawo da a wasu lokuta - ko da wani cikakken magani. Wani lokaci tiyata ne da nufin ceton da haƙuri ta rayuwa.

M magani. contraindications

Abin baƙin ciki, da tasiri likita hanyoyin da gwagwarmaya tare da cutar a kowane mataki ba tukuna raya. A bisa lura da ake amfani da m siffofin da cutar. Yawanci, wadannan dabaru daidai rage intracranial matsa lamba da kuma kare haƙuri daga rikitarwa. Doctors tsananin iko da kwarara muhimmancin hydrocephalus.

Idan kana da wani abubuwan da ake bukata ga m baki kamata a yi la'akari, wasu contraindications. Babu wani daga cikin wadannan ayyuka ba za a iya yin haƙuri idan yana da:

• gudãna kumburi a kwakwalwa harsashi.
• komowar matakai (makanta, wani nauyi, epilepsy, shafi tunanin mutum da cuta).

kewaya

A wannan yanayin, idan kwakwalwa ba a mayar da ginshikai na ruwa fitarwa, likita ya furta tiyata. kawai tiyata iya taimaka a cikin irin wannan hali. Hydrocephalus a kwanan nan baya yadda ya kamata kauda kawai ta - wuce tiyata.

Manufar na baki ne don mayar da fitarwa na CSF daga cikin kwakwalwa. Don yin wannan, saita shunt. Na ramin zuciya catheter sanya a kaikaice ventricle. Special bawul na samar da tsari na ruwa outflow. Gefe catheter gabatar a cikin atrial yanki ko a cikin kogon ciki. Wannan taimaka wajen inganta sha na CSF. A wasu lokuta, bayan excision na wani koda karbo daga ruwa ne da za'ayi a cikin ureter.

Wannan aiki yana da yawan yiwu rikitarwa da kuma rashin amfani. Daga cikin su akwai wadannan:

• shunt kamuwa da cuta.
• inji lalacewar da saka tsarin.
• take hakkin shunt aiki.
• rage da outflow na cerebrospinal ruwa.

A cikin wadannan yanayi, wajibi ne a maimaita tiyata.

endoscopic tiyata

Wannan hanya ne ya fi kowa a yau. Endoscopy ya shafi kananan incisions. Wannan muhimmanci rage hadarin wani rikitarwa. Domin da haƙuri, rage fi lokaci. A lokacin tiyata, Likita da shugabantar da outflow na ruwa a cikin tanki na kwakwalwa da kullum iya zuwa sha da sayar da giya. Saboda haka, murmurewa al'ada wurare dabam dabam na ruwa. Nasara aiki gaba daya watsi da bukatar kafa wata shunt. A haƙuri kõmo zuwa al'ada rayuwa.

cephalotrypesis

Wannan baki bukatar hydrocephalus kwakwalwa, da Sanadin wanda kwanta daban-daban hana outflow na ruwa. Matsayin mai mulkin, muna magana ne game da aneurysms, maruran. Ya danganta da wurin, suna iya toshe likvoroprovodyaschie hanya. A irin haka ne, a craniotomy. Matsayin mai mulkin, a lokacin tiyata don ƙirƙirar sababbin hanyoyin outflow na ruwa.

A sakamakon cutar

Cutar na iya haifar da encephalomalacia - nama necrosis. A sakamakon Sistem sakulasan cuta na kwakwalwa yankuna atrophy faruwa. Wadannan matakai ne babu ja. Popular sau da yawa, shi zai sa mu tawaya hydrocephalus. Alamun isasshe ansu kafofin tarwatsa tasiri a kan kwayoyin. A haƙuri iya rasa shafi tunanin mutum da kuma mota damar iya yin komai.

A na kowa wahala da cutar ne sāke wuri ciwo. An halin matsawa na kwakwalwa da kuma abin da ya faru na ciki na sani, coma kuma sau da yawa.

Nakasar cuta na iya dakatar da ci gaba a kowane zamani. Tare da irin wannan sakamako haƙuri shi ne cikakken ko partially warke. A cikin hali na m ci gaban yara da wuya rayuwa to yana da shekaru 5-6 shekaru.

m matakan

A mafi muhimmanci mulki ne zuwa cikakken bi da dukan shawarwari na likita a lokacin daukar ciki kwayoyi liyafar. A wannan mataki, kana ya kamata a hankali don kauce wa duk wani cututtuka, da kuma musamman - cutar. An shawarar kafin daukar ciki da za a alurar riga kafi a kan waɗanda cututtuka da cewa a baya expectant uwa ba ciwo. Wajibi ne a gaba daya kawar da yin amfani da barasa da taba.

Manya dole ne ka mai da hankali game da su lafiya. Lokaci gane asali cututtuka, bi da su yadda ya kamata. Wannan Gaskiya ne, na cututtuka na tsakiya m tsarin, jini, zuciya, kashin baya. Wajibi ne su hana rauni da kai. A mafi kyau preventative awo da mafi ailments - shi ne wani aiki, lafiya salon. Ka yi kokarin tabbatar da rigakafi. Kula da nauyi daidaita. Kuma babu wani daga cikin cututtuka da ku ba zai ji tsoro!