Ina vasomotor cibiyar? da darajar

A jijiyoyin bugun gini tsarin na jiki ne da muhimmanci sosai. Lalle ne, godiya ga jijiyoyi da kuma jijiyoyinmu auku jini da kuma oxygen bayarwa. Ba tare da wannan alama, mutane ba za su iya zama. Shi ne ke da alhakin wannan aiki na jiki vasomotor cibiyar. Kazalika da dukan dokokin sunadaran, shi ne a cikin kwakwalwa. Murmure daga rauni ne mai hadarin gaske da kuma shi ne sau da yawa m tare da rayuwa. Lalle ne, godiya ga vasomotor cibiyar zo rarraba jini da gabobin. Ya kuma partially shirya cardiac aiki. Duk da mulkin kai na myocardium, juyayi da tsarin kula ne har yanzu da ake bukata.

A ra'ayi na vasomotor cibiyar

A ra'ayi na "vasomotor cibiyar" da aka bayyana wannan hanya: yana da wani daga ilimin Halittar Jiki samuwar, located a cikin kwakwalwa. Duk da haka, wannan lokaci ya kamata a yi la'akari mai yawa. Da farko shi ne, ba wani jiki, amma wani sa na tsarin, kunsha na jijiya nama. Kowanne sashi ne alhakin takamaiman ayyuka. Duk da haka, duk suka yi aiki tare domin tabbatar da cewa ayyuka na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin. Wadannan sassa vasomotor cibiyar nasaba ba kawai aikin amma anatomically. Wannan shi ne, ta hanyar jijiya zaruruwa. A karo na farko a kan tsari na jijiyoyin bugun gini tsarin, shi ya zama sananne a cikin marigayi 19th karni. A gudanar da dabba gwajen Ovseanicov masanin kimiyya ya gano cewa, ta hanyar yankan da juyayi nama located kasa colliculus, akwai canje-canje a cikin jini. Physiologist kammala: take hakkin wannan tsarin sa kwakwalwa daya fadada tasoshi, da kuma sauran ƙuntatawa. Bayan wannan tsara aiki da aka rayayye yi karatu.

Location vasomotor cibiyar

An yi imani da cewa vasomotor cibiyar aka located a cikin medulla oblongata. Amma idan muka yi la'akari da dukkan Tsarin cewa shafi dokokin aiki na jini wadata, da wannan hukunci ba gaba ɗaya na gaskiya. Tun vasomotor jijiya zaruruwa fãra a cibiyar na laka, kuma ta karshe rabi ne bawo. A farko ne axons - matakai na sel. Sami neurons suna located in na sama uku lumbar da kuma duk thoracic laka segments. A daidai da sarrafawa - a kaikaice Kakakin. Saboda su wurare ake kira kashin baya vasoconstrictor cibiyoyin. Duk da haka, da wannan sunan shi ne ba daidai ba, tun da zaruruwa ba su iya tasiri baya daga sauran raka'a. medulla vasomotor cibiyar aka located a cikin 4 ventricle. Yana da wani tari na jijiya Kwayoyin. A mafi m sarrafawa na vasomotor cibiyar - yana da ƙananan kuma tsakiyar ɓangare na rhomboid fossa. Sashe na neurons located in da reticular samuwar.

Wadannan sassan da suka shafi yau da kullum links a cibiyar ne hypothalamus da kuma tsakiyar kwakwalwa. Akwai located jijiya zaruruwa da suke da alhakin canje-canje a cikin jijiyoyin bugun gini aiki. A karshe mahada aka dauke su cerebral bawo. A mafi shiga xabi'a kuma orbital engine sassan.

Vasomotor cibiyar: Physiology na jiki

Idan muka kwatanta dukan sassa na vasomotor tsarin daga kasa zuwa sama, ya kamata ka fara da neurons dake a cikin laka. Su tashi daga m preganglionic axons (zaruruwa). Wadannan raka'a ba su iya sarrafa nasu sautin, amma da suka aika da hasken dake fitowa zuwa wasu jijiya Kwayoyin zuwa tasoshin. A karo na farko a kan su muhimmanci gane masanin kimiyya Ovsyannikov, ta haka ne yin mai girma samu a Physiology. Ya samu cewa rabuwa da kwakwalwa da kuma laka ya auku drop a jini. Duk da haka, bayan da wasu lokaci sake shi qara jini (kasa baseline) da kuma goyon bayan da kansa saboda preganglionic zaruruwa. A medulla oblongata ne jijiya cibiyar - vasomotor. Shi ne ke da alhakin tsari na kashin baya sashen. Ya Physiology ne: neurons located in cibiyar, zuwa kashi 2 iri. Na farko shi ne alhakin da pressor aiki (vasoconstriction). Na biyu kungiyar sa shakatawa na endothelium. An yi imani da cewa neurons alhakin vasoconstriction, fi a lambar. Kwayoyin ba a cikin midbrain, zai iya sa karin jini. A neurons na hypothalamic yankin, a maimakon haka, yi kamar yadda depressants, wato, kai wa ga wata shakatawa na jini. Mafi yawa daga cikin jijiya zaruruwa ratsa cikin cibiyar, dake a cikin medulla oblongata. Bugu da kari, wani ɓangare na kashin baya axons gama kai tsaye rabu da hypothalamus. Front bawo rinjayar da biyu da riba da kuma hanawa daga cikin ayyuka na neurons located a cikin ƙananan links.

Da rabo daga cikin vasomotor cibiyar a cikin sassan

Ganin cewa tsari za'ayi da dama raka'a juyayi tsarin, yana yiwuwa ya ware wadannan sassan vasomotor cibiyar:

1. Laka. A kaikaice zankayen thoracic da lumbar segments ne preganglionic tsakiya. Su tashi daga axons - zaruruwa.
2. Kai tsaye vasomotor cibiyar. A wannan sashe suna located da neurons alhakin shakatawa na endothelium da vasoconstriction.
3. Midbrain. Sel suna samuwa a cikin wannan sashe, zai iya sa takaita da jirgin ruwa bango.
4. Hypothalamic yankin. Neurons ne da alhakin shakatawa na jijiyoyin bugun gini nama, hade da biyu da cibiyar da kanta, kuma dabam tare da laka Kwayoyin.
5. Filin bawo. Duk da cewa mafi yawan neurons located in gaban yankin, shi ne zai yiwu rinjayar sauran kwakwalwa yankunan.

Duk da kasancewar 5 sassan, masana ilimin tunani na raba vasomotor tsari kawai 2 manajoji. Wadannan sun hada da kashin baya, kuma bulbar yankin na zare. A abun da ke ciki duk sauran jijiya Kwayoyin, shafi jijiyoyin bugun gini sautin. Duka-rabensu suna dauke inganci.

Vasomotor cibiyar: Jiki

Kamar yadda aka sani, babban manufar ne ga tsara da vasomotor cibiyar sautin. Kowace daga sassa aikin da kansa aiki. Duk da haka, ya sauya sheka kashe akalla daya mahada take kaiwa zuwa rushewa daga cikin jini kuma na dukan jiki. Ware wadannan ayyuka:

1. Gudanar da hatsaisai (sakonni) daga cortical da medulla sassan zuwa periphery. Wannan yana nufin sakamakon da neurons a tasoshin samar da gabobin. Wannan aiki ne da za'ayi godiya ga kashin baya preganglionic zaruruwa.
2. Maintenance na jijiyoyin bugun gini sautin. A al'ada aiki, kowane sashen jini ne kiyaye a dace matakin.
3. Shakatawa da kuma vasoconstriction. Kai tsaye ta shafa a cibiyar dake a cikin medulla oblongata.
4. Tabbatar da isasshen jini ya kwarara da kuma ta rarraba wa kowane sashen.
5. Thermoregulation. Wannan aiki da aka yi da canje-canje a cikin jijiyoyin bugun gini lumen. Su fadada lura a wani dumi yanayi, da kuma hanin ya auku a low zazzabi.

dangane da zuciya cibiyar

Baya da cewa vasomotor cibiyar ne ke da alhakin fadada da kuma ƙanƙancewa na endothelial nama, shi kuma yana da wani sakamako a kan zuciya tsoka. Wannan ya shafi Kwayoyin a kaikaice part 4 fossa ventricle. An sani cewa innervation na zuciya ne da za'ayi godiya ga m zaruruwa. A cikinsu akwai hasken dake fitowa daga cikin medulla oblongata. A sakamakon kunnawa da zuciya. Wannan yana bayyana daga tachycardia. A weakening na zuciya aiki na neurons a vasomotor cibiyar ma shiga. Suna located in da tsakiya part. Daga can, da sakonni zuwa dorsal nuclei na vagus jijiya. Duk da cewa daya aiki na zuciya tsoka ne automatism, da aiki ba zai yiwu ba tare da hannu na kwakwalwa.

Regulation na vasomotor cibiyar

Tasiri vasomotor cibiyar neurons located in medulla, iya cortical tsarin. Bayan duk, su ne babban inji na da tsari na ƙananan ƙungiyoyin ba. Cortical neurons zai iya sa duka biyu wani karu da karuwa a vasomotor cibiyar aiki. Bugu da kari, akwai kuma wani reflex tsari. Yana yana da za'ayi tare da carotid sinus da aortic baka. Wannan shi ne saboda da mechanoreceptors. A surface da hatsaisai da ake tãyar tare da vagus da depressor jijiyoyi zuwa vasomotor cibiyoyin. A daidai wannan depressant aiki na wannan sashen an inganta. A sakamakon haka, jini shakata da jini. vasodilation kuma Yanã kunnawa da tsakiya na vagus jijiyoyi.

vasomotor cibiyar sautin canje-canje

Ƙarƙashin rinjayar daban-daban dalilai faruwa dysregulation. A sakamakon da vasomotor sautin dabam cibiyar. Karkashin al'ada hali, wannan da aka yi ta cikin reflex tsari. Lokacin da Pathology a take sautin. Misalai ne daban-daban jijiyoyin bugun gini cututtuka, atherosclerosis, kiba. Har ila yau, a rage ko karuwa a sautin za a iya gyara a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da kwayoyi (antihypertensive kwayoyi, vasopressors).

Effect da sinadarai a kan jijiyoyin bugun gini Center

Direct tasiri a kan yau da kullum da sunadaran da jijiyoyin bugun gini tsarin iya samun sinadaran da abubuwa a cikin jiki. An misali ne carbon dioxide wanda accumulates a cikin jini a lokacin oxygen rashi (apnea). Ƙarƙashin rinjayar da wannan abu an kara kuzari da vasomotor cibiyar. A tsanani lokuta, shafe tsawon rashin oxygen iya kai ga inna.