Jamus marubuci Michael gama: biography

Michael gama - daya daga cikin rare Jamus-harshen marubuta na postwar lokaci. Ayyukansa da aka fassara a cikin arba'in da harsuna. A total wurare dabam dabam na littattafai - a kan ashirin miliyan kofe. A Rasha, ya zama da aka sani, a 1984, lokacin da fuska saki fim "The Story Neverending". Books ta Jamus marubuci a kan Rasha harshen da aka fassara da yawa daga baya.

Farkon yara marubuci

A cikin kananan Jamus garin Garmisch haife Michael gama. Haife wannan marubuci - Nuwamba 12, 1929. The mahaifin na gaba marubuci ya da wani mai zane-zane, ya fentin a wani m surrealist style. Creativity Edgar gama yana da hukunci tasiri a Michael. Daga baya, kamar yadda ya fara tasawa, ya nemi sake style of mahaifinsa a wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu.

Duk da haka, Michael gama yara ya da nisa daga saukin ganewa. A shekara ta 1933 a Jamus, an san su iya sarrafawa duk duniyoyin rayuwa da Adolf Hitler. Kuma a cikin ƙasa mulki totalitarianism. A kan abin da ya zama ma'adanin na uku Reich, da Fuhrer ya bayyana ra'ayoyin. Surrealists Hitler bai amince, imani da cewa art cewa suna wakiltar wani "degenerate." Kuma saboda wani hoto na Michael ta mahaifinsa, kazalika da ayyukan da sauran 'yan avant-garde art, aka tsananin haramta.

Michael gama - marubuci wanda ya sadaukar da aiki ga yara. Zai yiwu zabi na jigogi ga ayyukan da aka nasaba da ji na Loneliness cewa gama dandana kamar yadda an makaranta. Iyaye sau da yawa yayi musu. Kudi a cikin iyali bai isa ba. Bayan da End-m m aka dakatar, uwar tafi aiki. Amma wannan bai inganta kudi halin da ake ciki na iyali. Yaron da jũna a zama cewa shi ne dalilin da zullumi, da m scandals. Iyaye sukan a cikin jayayya nuna cewa yaron da ba su damar. Kirkiro laifi Michael juya a cikin wani na kullum Loneliness.

makaranta

Ya yi karatu Michael gama mugun. Da zarar ya ma zauna shekara ta biyu. Shi ba a san abin da zai yi da rabo daga cikin End, idan wata rana ya haɗu da wani yãro, zaune a cikin unguwa. Sunansa Matiyas. Mahaifinsa kiyaye a kananan sayar da litattafai. A farko da sabon aboki gabatar Karshen to ban al'ajabi da duniyar wallafe-wallafe. Kuma daga baya, a lokacin da Michael ya karanta mai yawa m littattafai, Mathias gayyace shi don fara a rubuce waqe.

A shekarar 1935 ya koma Munich Ƙare. A cikin wannan birnin, suka takalman karamin Apartment. Next kofa rayu painters, sculptors da sauran artists. Michael ta ado ra'ayoyi aka kafa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar mahaifinsa ba kawai kerawa, amma kuma abokansa. Duk da haka, wannan tasiri ne ba ko da yaushe m.

yaki

A gaban, Michael gama bai zauna dogon. A goma sha shida, sai aka kira shi. Amma a 'yan shekaru kafin wannan taron ya faru da cewa yana da wani tasiri a kan gaba Outlook na marubuci. Michael gama, wanda biography ne quite aiki saboda da abubuwan tarihin da a da ya zama wani involuntary shaida, ta farko koya game da ma'anar yaki a 1943.

A 1941, da gaban da ake kira Mika'ilu ta mahaifinsa. Bayan shekaru biyu, nan gaba marubuci, yayin da a Munich halarta da m bombardment. Michael gama yaƙi bayan wannan ya faru, ba ya so, kuma haka shiga cikin Bavarian anti-Nazi kungiyar. Ko da yake akwai wani version, bisa ga abin da End, kasancewa a gaban, sanya a kan daya daga cikin jami'an haka ya fi karfinsu ra'ayi cewa wani soja ya manta. Duk da haka, dan surrealist fenta aka ba tada, saboda mafarkin da wani m sana'a. Tuni a cikin matasa, ya fara rubuta plays.

bayan da yaki,

A marigayi forties, da ya jagoranci wani zaman kanta rayuwa na Michael gama. Ban sha'awa facts daga biography an rage wa aiki a gidan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma koyon aiki azuzuwan. Shin Karshen 'yan wasan kwaikwayo so zama? Nisa daga gare shi. Amma a wadannan shekaru, shi ne musamman janyo hankalin zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Ya rubuta da dama plays. Ina so in sa su. Amma halittar irin ayyukan da aka inextricably nasaba da addashin. Kuma saboda haka duba a cikin wannan wuya kimiyya, ya dauke shi ya bi.

drama

Karshen wasa a gidan wasan kwaikwayo 'yan qananan matsayin. A cikin kayayyakin lokaci ya rubuta plays. Daya daga cikin su ya zarar karanta a mahaifinsa bita, wanda ya kawo tare sanannun Munich marubuta da kuma playwrights. Bayan karshen karatu, dalibai bai bayyana wani m ko approving comments. Sun ci gaba da magana a kan m jigogi. Wannan wasa ba a sa a kan mataki. A kan m ban mamaki ayyukan masu kallo da kuma connoisseurs na Theatrical art, kuma kõ dã mun koya, amma otneslisk shi coldly.

Michael gama ya yi aiki a gidan wasan kwaikwayo har 1952. Duniya adabi da janyo hankalin shi yafi. Bugu da kari, da aiki a cikin wasan kwaikwayo ya bar, saboda a wannan lokacin da iyali Karshen Tashin hankalin ya faru. Dangantaka tsakanin iyaye a karshe ya tafi ba daidai ba. The mahaifin bar iyali. Kuma uwar ko da kokarin kashe kansa.

Karshen 'yan shekaru da ya yi aiki a gidan wasan kwaikwayo mai zargi. Kafin zama wani shahararren marubuci, ya kuma yi aiki a Munich Radio. Daya daga wasanni sadaukar da ayyukansu na Jamus litattafansu - Schiller, ya da wani rabo. Duk da haka, a rediyo aiki Karshen ya ba ci gaba.

wallafe-wallafen aikin

A farko kayan zane gama da aka buga a 1960. A duniyar adabi, marubucin m hanzarta kuma nan da nan tsiwirwirinsu shahararsa tsakanin masu karatu. Masu sun mayar da martani kan dake tasowa marubucin sosai da idon. A kalla ga samfurin, wanda a Rasha da aka sani a matsayin "Jim Button kuma Lucas direban 'End aka bayar da babbar wallafe-wallafen kyauta. Duk da haka, wannan marubuci da aka sani ga sanannen "M tarihi". Wannan aikin da aka halitta a shekarar 1979.

Michael gama, wani photo na wanda aka gabatar a wannan labarin - marubuci, da aka sani a ko'ina cikin duniya da farko kamar yadda marubucin litattafan yara. Duk da haka, ya taba bambanta tsakanin yara adabi da kuma ayyukan da suke da ban sha'awa kawai ga matasa masu karatu. Zai yiwu shi ya sa ya halittun ban sha'awa ga mutane daban-daban shekaru Categories.

"The Story Neverending"

A mãkirci na hadaddun samfurin. The labari da alaka da wani yaro wanda shi ne quite m: takwarorina ba na son shi, uban bai lura. Bugu da kari, shi ya kasance wani mummunan dalibi. Da alama cewa gwarzo na wannan yanki ne Michael gama kamar yadda yaro. Duk da haka, a cikin rãyuwar babban harafin "The Story Neverending" shi ne mu'ujiza, wanda a gaskiya bai hadu marubucin. Daya kubuta daga bullies, yaron da dama a cikin wani karamin shago kayayyakin gargajiya. A owner ba shi da wani littafi. Kuma shi ne tare da wannan kyauta Kasadar fara.

nunawa

A 1980, marubucin kammala yarjejeniya a kan karbuwa daga cikin labari "The Story Neverending". Kafin farko, a matsayin sa ran, marubucin aka kira su zuwa ga mai zaman kansa Viewing. Kuma ya kasance musamman m da fim. Amma da faifai na film har yanzu aka saki. A fim grossed fiye da miliyan sittin da daloli.

A shekarar 1986 ya aka sanya a kan allo ne wani aiki na Michael gama - "Momo". A fim ta darektan gangan barranta dukan lantarki dabaru. All fatan ya sanya a kan riko. Wannan fim Karshen son.

Personal rai

Michael gama da aka yi aure sau biyu. A karo na farko ya yi aure, a cikin farkon sittin. Ya zabi ya actress Ingeborg Hoffmann. Wannan mace ta da wani tasiri ba kawai marubuci ta sirri rai, amma kuma ya yi aiki. C. Hoffmann Karshen tattauna rubutum ta kuma ba a kare ba samfurin. A shekarar 1985, Ingeborg mutu. Na biyu matar - Mariko Sato - kuma halarci da ya wallafa aiki. A musamman, ta ya fassara littattafai da dama Mihaelya gama a Japan.

Creative nasara ba kawo farin ciki Ƙare. A shekarar 1988, ya zama sananne cewa wakili ba kawai yaudare shi da shekaru da yawa, amma kuma bar mai yawa bashi a cikin sunan marubuci. A Karshen ya karamin gado: mahaifinsa zane-zane da kuma furniture. Duk da dukiyar da aka kama. Michael gama, marubucin-dabam dabam littattafai da kuma rubutun ga m fina-finan, ya zama fatara. Amma har yanzu da haquri da msa wannan duka na rabo.

Jamus marubuci Michael gama ya mutu a shekarar 1975 a sakamakon ciwon daji. Binne marubucin "M Tarihi" a Munich.