"Irin kifi-idealist": short tãtsũniyõyin abun ME Saltykov-Shchedrin. bincike na

Shin shi mai kyau ya zama wani idealist? Wannan tambaya ne shirya kai Saltykov-Shchedrin a cikin labari "irin kifi-idealist" tare da m matsayi. Ilimin falsafa idealism Rasha classic ba ko a gani. Saboda haka, kada ku jinkirta shari'ar illa ma sha Allahu, matsa zuwa samfurin, "irin kifi-idealist", a takaice abin da aka gabatar a cikin labarin. Saltykov-Shchedrin rubuta shi a 1824.

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"Irin kifi-idealist" labarin da kanta ba. Ya prostroen a tattaunawa irin kifi da kuma Ruff. Karas da-karanta, mai hankali littafin hikima, amma ban sani ba rayuwa, amma wannan ba ya hana shi daga ake mãye da gurguzu ideas. Ya mafarki cewa kowa da kowa zai zama a daidaito da kuma fraternity. Pike daina cin abinci irin kifi, da Ruhbãnãwa haƙĩƙa sunã - kunne.

Ruff kuma sauraron duk wannan, kawai grins kuma in ba haka ba da zagin da takwaransa. Amma su hira kuma da sake faru. Ruff furuci da cewa ko da yake irin kifi da kuma dolt, amma ba tare da wani daya a cikin kogi, baya daga gare shi, wannan sarauta maɗaukaka batutuwa ba magana. Saboda haka, kifi an samu kan kuma a sake jayayya. Karas dubi kome ta hanyar jã tabarau kaffa da Ruff sukar da ra'ayoyi da irin kifi daga mahangar kowa hankali. Kuma haka ne, page bayan page, suka ja da igiya baya da kuma fitar da muhawara. Saboda haka, a fili yake cewa da ƙayyadaddu na hikaya "irin kifi-idealist" shi ne cewa akwai wani magana. All motsi da kuma tashin hankali a ɓõye, a cikin hirar Ruff da kuma irin kifi.

Kuma yanzu ya zo da muhimmanci lokacin: irin kifi yanzu dole ya tabbatar da inganci na ra'ayoyi Pike. Direct abinci (irin kifi) yayi kokarin shawo kan abokin ciniki (Pike) cewa ya yi su canza halaye da kuma canjawa zuwa sauran rage cin abinci domin ideas na daidaito da kuma fraternity. Ba shi da wuya a tsammani cewa ƙare har cin Pike irin kifi. Sai ya faru kamar yadda idan da hatsari a cikin shakka daga cikin tattaunawar, da kuma duk ba a lokaci daya bincika Pike, irin kifi akwai mai kyau, ku ɗanɗani.

"Irin kifi-idealist": a takaice. tabbatar da adalci muhawara

A lokacin tattaunawar, irin kifi da kuma Ruff shafi yawa azãba mai duka biyu ga Rasha da kuma ga duniya. Alal misali, tambaya na tabbatar da adalci. Wa cikinmu ya ba mafarkin na al'umma na daidaita dama, da kuma cewa kuma yana so ya irin kifi da kuma Ruff shi straightens fitar ya nuna cewa, da kyau, shi ke mai kyau, amma ba a kan irin wannan Pike ba zai je domin a cikin kogin akwai zai zama ko da yaushe wani matsayi. Kuma yayin da ake zalunta za a "barci a cikin laka", da tip zai ji dadin rayuwa. Karas ne kokarin shawo kan Ruff cewa Pike nan da nan, da zaran sun ji game da ra'ayin tabbatar da adalci, sa'an nan su tũba shi a cikin mabiyansa masu aminci. Ruff ne kawai mocks (domin kyawawan dalilai). Saltykov-Shchedrin a cikin hikaya "irin kifi-idealist", a takaice abin da za mu yi la'akari da matsalar da zamantakewa rashin daidaito da aka bayyana. A ideas bayyana Mihailom Evgrafovichem 5 shekaru kafin mutuwa, zama dacewa ga Rasha na 21st karni.

An ƙunshe kadaici daga rai

Bayyananniyar nufi shi ne gaskiya cewa irin kifi ba ya san abin da ya ke magana. A nan, a karkashin wuta na zargi da marubucin fall, tabbas saba wa shi mafarkai da suke so su sake gina rayuwa a Rasha. Domin irin kifi Pike wani yanci hali, har ya sadu da ita. Bai san wani abu game da abin da suka aikata game da Ruhbãnãwa haƙĩƙa sunã kama irin kifi. Kifi idealist bai san yadda dadi ta takwarorinsu a kirim mai tsami.

Abin da a yarda da matashi ba da fuska fara tasawa. Dukan mutane a cikin matasa idealists da mafarkai, amma a lokacin da rai Picks sama ya bulala, cewa mutum imani suna bari, kuma tsira kawai wadanda da saduwa da mafi kowa hankali. Wannan ne janar dabi'un, wanda aka bai wa wani labari na Saltykov-Shchedrin ta "irin kifi-idealist."

Zamantakewa da siyasa fassarar

Tattaunawa tsakanin haruffa da aka gina a sosai peculiar hanyar: matalauta yan'uwanmu irin kifi-ƙagauta, kokarin Pike tabbatar da wani abu, kuma a lõkacin da ya stutters na nagarta, nan da nan Pike "bazata" lõma da shi. A wasu kalmomin, ba za ka iya magana da wani dalĩli kawai idan ka tsaya a kan gwiwoyi a roko matsayi, kan daidai gabãtarwar a magance shi ne fraught.

Zai yiwu Saltykov-Shchedrin aka sosai sha'awar da rabo daga cikin PY Chaadaev. Ka tuna cewa Peter Y. yarda da kansa to ƙoƙari zargi da zamantakewa domin Rasha na karni na 19th, kuma ya aka ayyana mahaukaci ya kuma umarci wani likita jarrabawa.

Duk da haka, tare da duk wannan irin kifi - har yanzu ba'a adadi, amma rubutu na aikin, "irin kifi-idealist" (summary sa shi ba zai yiwu ba ga daki-daki duk wadannan lokacin) alhãli kuwa kuna sane ko saninsa ba Firaministan a kan wannan daidaici.

Shin shi mai kyau ya zama wani idealist?

A batun shi ne hadaddun da shubuha. Idan ka danganta fata, idealism da dreaminess, da imani da kyau da kuma haske ne da ake bukata don girma a al'ada mutum. Amma kamar yadda suke girma mazan mutum dole ne ku ba da bukatun da dabi'u cewa sun zama wanda aka rabu amfani da ja da shi sauka. A lokaci guda bai kamata mu tsammaci cewa saboda irin wannan hali yakan haifar da wani halin kirki conformism. Ainihin kyawawan dabi'u ta wata hanya ya kamata yi mulki mutum hali. Duk da haka, idan ka so su tambaye marubucin tatsuniyoyi, sa'an nan ya Saltykov-Shchedrin ( "irin kifi-idealist" ya tabbatar da wannan ra'ayi) Ina gaya wa mai karatu cewa ba ya son wani idealism ko wawa fata saki daga hakikanin rai.

Ga wanda aka rubuta labari Rasha litattafansu?

A samfurin ba zai zama bayyananne zuwa makaranta, an rubuta shi ne domin manya. A general, ga alama cewa a lokacin da ya halitta aikinsa Saltykov-Shchedrin ( "irin kifi-idealist"), to, shi ne riga yiwu ga crystallize imani da kuma ra'ayoyi a kan zamani Rasha gaskiya a gare shi. Classic kariminci kara wadannan "lu'ulu'u" a baya rubuce-rubucen, kuma suka yi tsiwirwirinsu wata musamman misalin-falsafa dandano.

Wannan shi ne bincike na da hikaya "irin kifi idealist" Saltykov-Shchedrin. Zai yiwu shi ne bai cika ba, watakila saboda wannan hadaddiyar da unfathomable a kan darajar da samfurin na Rasha marubuci iya cire wani abu dabam, amma, kamar yadda NV Litattafan Gogol, "mu mutumin da ya kamata a mutunta ko da ga yunkurin."