Jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Admiral Grigorovich": photos, gini da kuma kaddamar

Resurgent sojan ruwa ikon Rasha so duk gaskiya ne kishin kasa. Bayan shekaru masu yawa a lokacin da rundunar motoci zo a cikin ƙi, a karshe ta fara zamani, tare da commissioning na sabon raka'a cewa sadu da bukatun da sabon karni. Daga gare su, a jirgin ruwa mai filafilai na Project 11356 "Admiral Grigorovich," ƙaddamar 14 Maris 2014.

Mene ne wani jirgin ruwa mai filafilai Rasha

A Soviet rarrabuwa Navy jiragen ruwa na wannan aji, kamar yadda wani jirgin ruwa mai filafilai, shi ya ba. Sun gina wani babban anti-submarine jiragen ruwa (BOD) da kuma masu gadi (IC), wanda ta haifa da babban nauyin tabbatar da inviolability na kan iyakoki na Tarayyar Soviet mika ruwa. Tun shekarar 1968, sojoji kotu na aikin 1135, gina a kan factory "Yantar" sun fara hallara a cikin jiragen ruwa da sabis. A jerin goma sha takwas jiragen ruwa, kamar yadda ya saba, aka mai suna a bãyan farko naúrar, "Petrel". Guard sabis kuma kwashe "Norei" (Project 11351), gina a fi girma yawa (39 guda). Wasu daga cikin su har yanzu suna a cikin sabis, amma lokacin da na raƙuman ruwa ne m, kayan aiki o ƙarin tabbatar da ci da kuma tsufa da wajen tunani. Experience tsiwirwirinsu shipbuilders a bunkasa wadannan iri dauke. A da wuri zai zo da jiragen ruwa na sabon shiri - 11356 aji "Admiral Grigorovich," yayi dace da yarda a da yawa navies na duniya manufar "jirgin ruwa mai filafilai" kamar yadda a muhallinsa, da kuma fama damar. Zai yiwu wannan aji za su samu saba wa Rasha Navy.

A girmamawa wani mai suna jirgin da kuma jerin

The "Admiral Grigorovich," a cikin shekaru masu zuwa zai ci gaba domin hudu frigates riga aza, qazanta sunayen shahararrun Rasha admirals Essen, Makarov, Butakova da Istomin. Sojan Ruwa kwamandojin, wadannan suna da aka sani da mafi yawa ga mutane sha'awar a tarihin Rasha da kuma ta sojoji. Dukan su sun zama sananne a lokacin da jaruntakar tsaro na Port Arthur a lokacin da Rasha-Japanese War na 1905-1907. A wannan yanayin, kalla dukkan mu yan'uwanmu 'yan ƙasa san cewa ke takwara jirgin na cikin jerin suna - da jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Admiral Grigorovich." Akwai zai zama haka saboda biography na girmama soja dattaku ba quite daidai da Ganin cewa na Soviet farfaganda game da kishin kasa.

Daga midshipman zuwa admiral

IK Grigorovich aka haife shi a 1853. Ya zo ga sojojin ruwa matsayin midshipman, wani digiri na biyu na sojan ruwa Academy. Ilimi na samu soke, domin wannan dalilin shi, ashirin da biyar jami'an da aka aika zuwa ga North American Amurka a rukuni na masana domin yarda da hudu jiragen ruwa na aji "jirgin ruwa na soja", ya umarci a Philadelphia shipyards. Bayan shekaru biyar, a 1883, Grigorovich zama na farko da shugaban suna fadin "telltales" ba yana fitowa daga cikin harbor tashar jiragen ruwa. Yana da jũna, aiki motsa ba sosai nasara, amma talented, m kuma gunaguni jami'in magabatansu lura. Biye da dama fassarorin, da sabis zama mafi wuya, amma ban sha'awa.

Admiral ta Fate

A ƙarshen XIX karni, shi hidima a matsayin wani sojan ruwa attaché a London, kuma a shekara ta 1904 samu wani sabon alƙawari zuwa ga post na shugaban tushe na sojan ruwa na Port Arthur, wanda ya isa a kan gada "Tsarevich" armadillo. A lokacin da Japan, yaƙi ya kewaye IK Grigorovich nuna kansa da tare da mafi kyau hannunka, kasancewa iya samar da dukkan dole tsaron gida. Tun 1911, Vice Admiral bautar da post na kasar da na mallaka Rasha Navy. Ya kayayyaki sun samu su ci gaba bayan 1917. All battleships Soviet Rasha, a na uku na hallaka, Cruisers da kuma kusan rabin iyo kafin yaki da Grigorovich ɓullo da modernization shirye-shirye. Admiral da kansa, duk da haka, bai yarda da Bolshevik gwamnatin, ya rayu bayan juyin juya hali, Faransa Riviera, inda - bayan shekaru shida na hijira - ya mutu a 1930.

Karshe kyaun wurin ƙailũla na toka na girmama Rasha jihar da kuma na sojan ruwa adadi kai a shekarar 2005. Bisa ga nufin marigayin, aka binne shi a cikin iyali vault a St. Nicholas hurumi na St. Petersburg.

bayyanar jirgin

Saukarsa "Admiral Grigorovitch" ruwa a kan Maris 14, tare da wasu bata lokaci ba ya sa ta yanayin. A bikin ya samu halartar manyan-jikan Artyom Moskovchenko sojan ruwa kwamandan, da kuma jikanyar Olga Petrova, wanda ya ci da kuma na gargajiya kwalban shampen a kan tushe. Saboda haka da farko ya gana da teku tãguwar ruwa jirgin "Admiral Grigorovich." Photos kama wannan muhimmin lokaci. Babu shakka cewa fitarwa daga abin yabo sojan ruwa kwamandan a gaban gida kasar ta shãfe zuriyarsa.

A cewar dangi, da kakansa shi ne shugaban wani m, ya zai yi bari kome da kome, daga tushe to mãsu kauri, mãsu kafin yin wani jirgin ruwa mai filafilai. Grigorovich, a fili, zan zama gamsu da sakamakon da dubawa. Jirgin ya daraja. Bayan gaji mafi kyau hali ne na baya ayyukan, wannan Multi-manufa hawa samu sabon Properties halayyar mafi zamani samfurori da marine makamai. Its karkashin ruwa contours samar da kyau kwarai navigability, da gidaje da kuma superstructure sanya ta amfani da fasaha na low ganuwa. A kayan aiki kõma, zuwa ga sosai latest fasahar da lantarki. Ga alama jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Admiral Grigorovich," m, ta zamani, da kuma tsauri.

Dalilin da jirgin

Kowane warship gina tare da wani dalili, to yi sosai musamman ayyuka. Wannan irin makami ne daban-daban daga wasu sosai high kudin da naúrar kansa, kuma ta m aiki.

Jirgin ruwa mai filafilai Project 11356 "Admiral Grigorovich," tsara don yaƙar wajibi a cikin Rum tasa, da kuma wurin da gidansa daga farkon shirya birnin Rasha daukaka - Sevastopol. Black Sea jiragen ruwa a bukatar zamani jiragen ruwa, da ƙara NATO aiki a cikin yankin wajabta mayar da martani. Duk da haka, tsaya-shi kadai nesa (game da dubu biyar mil) damar da za a hayin delineated zone sintiri, misali, don yin yaki tare da 'yan fashi, kazalika a cikin wasu m lokuta. Ayyuka da za su iya warware jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Admiral Grigorovich," sosai bambancin. Shi ne iya samu nasarar tsayayya da wani torpedo, iska da kuma makami mai linzami harin, iya mayar da maƙiya ayyuka. Makamai a kan jirgin, isa ya buga wani karkashin ruwa ko sama-ruwa manufa, ciki har da jirgin sama dako tonnage jiragen ruwa.

makamai hadaddun

Babban jirgin makamai - launchers "zamo-NK" for cruise jifa "onis" (3m-54TE). Takwas daga cikinsu, wannan ne mai matukar tsanani tsarin da suke iya buga wani abu a teku, da kuma a kan ƙasar. A duniya da ba su analogues.

Don kare da zai yiwu hare-haren daga iska jirgin "Admiral Grygorovych" yana da biyu iska tsaro tsarin, da ake kira "kwantar da hankula 1" (a cikin arsenal na shiryar da makamai masu linzami 36) da kuma "Palash". A farko daga cikin wadannan - da roka Multi-tashar, wanda ke nufin za ka iya ci gaba da buga da dama hari a lokaci guda. Na biyu shi ne a high-yi roka-manyan bindigogi hadaddun, kazalika da biyu "Dirk" tsarin, kuma alhakin da aminci daga cikin sararin samaniyar. Raka'a biyu A-190 da fasali mai dauke da mafi m-harbe-harben bindigogi a duniya na zamo kamar na 100 mm. Biyu TA saukar da kowane na uku 533-mm torpedo. Kammala iko kariya lokaci-jarraba roka rokoki RBU-6000. Kuma, ba shakka, 11356 jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Admiral Grigorovich," kamar yadda wani zamani sintiri jirgin ruwan, da aka ba ba tare da da kansa reshe a cikin wani nau'i na Ka-31 helikofta (amfani da Ka-27, PL).

low Ganuwar

A zamanin yau, a karkashin ɓadda kama fahimta ba ne kawai da canza launi a sake kamanni launuka, wadda tabbatar iyakar halin asiri a kan bango na teku ruwa da kuma sararin sama. Shi ne ma ya cancanta, gani ganewa ne daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci hanyoyi na hankali, amma mafi muhimmanci ya zama ganuwa zuwa radar na yuwuwar maƙiyi. radar manufa ne guda a matsayin cewa a alfijir na ta ƙarya. Nuna electron katako high-mita nuna da wuri na duk abubuwa, falalen sama da teku matakin. Don rage ganuwa, yana yiwuwa su yi aiki a hanyoyi biyu: to tura barbashi kwarara zuwa wancan gefe ko sha radiation. Tare, waɗannan matakan da aka mai suna "Stealth Technology". Jirgin ruwa mai filafilai Project 11356 "Admiral Grigorovich," da kuma, ba shakka, duk m jiragen ruwa na wannan jerin suna da wani low sa hannu ga locators m maƙiyi. Samu ne na musamman nau'i na mahalli, tare da shaci, kunsha na tudun lodi, musamman absorber shafi da kuma kayan lantarki, hampering jirgin ganewa ta radar. The girma na makamai da kuma kayan aiki boye a baya a tsare saman. Hakika, gaba daya ganuwa zuwa radar jirgin ba za a iya yi, amma a sami a cikin tẽku jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Grigorovich" zai zama quite wuya.

kayayyaki

Kamar yadda al'ada ƙwanso fasahar da shi da aka aza a kan hannun jari, sa'an nan ya gina daga kasa zuwa sama gaba ɗaya. Saboda haka jiragen ruwa suka gina tun lokacin da. Amma fasahar yana da wani ɗan daban-daban a cikin shekaru goma. yana daukan la'akari da bukatar m zamani da shigarwa na sabon kayan aiki, wani lokacin ƙato. Da gidaje da aka gina a sassa, don haka da cewa, idan akwai bukatar for undocking, shi ba zai haifar da fasaha matsaloli. A yi na jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Admiral Grigorovich," samar a cikin wani ire hanya, mafi m to date. The jirgin yana da wani ajiye yuwuwar na zamani, wanda damar maye gurbin kowane nodes daga powertrain da lantarki da kayan aiki.

India jirgin ruwa mai filafilai

Jihar sha'anin shuka "Yantar" ya wanzu tun nasarar 1945. A Jamus Königsberg shi ne masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa "Sheehan," wanda ya zama tushen da jirgin ya samar bayan da yaki, a lokacin da ya zama birnin da Soviet Baltic. A lokacin da wanzuwar shuka ne na iyo fiye da dari jirãge, mafi yawa soja.

Tun 2007, izini da gwamnatin Indiya a kan Baltic shuka yi na musamman domin: to gina jiragen ruwa don Navy na sada kasar. The aikin ne guda a matsayin 11356, da abin da ya halitta da jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Admiral Grigorovich." Bambanci, duk da haka, yana da muhimmanci. The kowa kashi a biyu "yan'uwa" ne da jiki, da kuma daban-daban kayan aiki da kuma makamai. Indian frigates suna dauke da makamai linzami da tsarin "Brahmos", da a tsaye launchers.

Seaworthiness Rasha jiragen ruwa ne don haka yarda abokan ciniki da cewa sun bayyana su so su gina nasu, saya da fasaha takardun. Su samar da cikakken taimako a cikin tsarin na soja hadin gwiwa shirin. Sunayen na farko hudu frigates na Indian jerin - "Talwar", "Tarkash", "Trikand" da "tag".

A hadaddun EW

Lantarki yaƙi da abokan sadarwa da kuma kula da sun zama yanzu babban burin, da nasara bayani daga wanda kusan ya tabbatar da nasara a kan wani maƙiyi. 11356 jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Admiral Grigorovich," dauke da makamai hudu kaguwa PC-10 "Brave." Wadannan desyatistvolnye shigarwa kama roka rokoki, amma matsalar ita ce, suna da wani. Maimakon kai tsaye kayar maƙiyi jirgin ruwa, sun nuna bawo cewa zai iya lalata lantarki da makiya jamiái. Jefarwa tsangwama rabu da makiya rundunar motoci da dama ga bayanai sharing, makantar radar, zai kawo saukar da iska tsaro tsarin.

Kula da tsarin harbi

Long tafi ne kwanaki lokacin da kora "da ido". Ko nagartaccen scopes ba gamsar da bukatun na matuƙan saboda da brevity na halin da ake ciki a Maritime fagen soja mataki. Shawarwarin bude wuta - da prerogative na shugaban, da kuma yin lissafi da sigogi na harbi ƙungiya amãnõninsu da kai. The jirgin "Admiral Grigorovich," yana da iko jirgin sarrafa kwamfuta tsarin da suke da muhimmanci ga da sauri hakan ya sa na makami zuwa ga manufa. The bayanai zo daga "Puma" radar, mai linzami ta kaddamar da tsunduma a gudanar da tsarin "Vympel" 123-02, kuma shi ne ke da alhakin torpedo putts "Purga-11356".

A size da kuma yawan

Game da girman da jirãge ake hukunci da hijirar. "Admiral Grigorovich" - sintiri jirgin ruwan, sabili da haka bai kamata ya zama a matsayin babban matsayin wani jirgin sama m. Ya laka ne kananan, har zuwa 7.5 mita, wanda ya yi daidai da halaye na Black Sea, wanda shi ne m, a wurare da dama. Hijira ne game da dubu huɗu ton, wanda ba a ce game da babban size. Alal misali, a jirgin ruwa na soja "Petr Veliky", ya kai gare shi 25 thous. Ton.

Jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Admiral Grigorovich": photo da rabbai

Frigates - manyan jirãge, amma ba da babbar. Wannan ne lamuni na su maneuverability, gudu da kuma stealth. Duk da haka, kadan ba za a iya kira wani jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Admiral Grigorovich." Hotuna bayar da Navy ta latsa sabis, eloquently nuna quite dogon (125 mita). The gidaje ne elongated, a cikin jirgi, kamar yadda suka "matsa" a tarnaƙi, wanda ya nuna ta propulsion. A ikon shuka kunsha na biyu gas turbines, accelerates da jirgin ruwa har zuwa 30 kullin, kuma a cikin afterburner yanayin - ko da sauri.

The ƙungiya kunshi 18 sanda, 142 matuƙan da ashirin sojin rundunar jiragen ruwa, a total of 180 mutane. Manajan wani hadadden kumbon sama jannati, kamar jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Admiral Grigorovich," na bukatar da wani babban matakin da horo, da jituwa tsakanin da cohesion. Team, ya iya zama gaskiya kwararru da suka son teku, da kuma, ba shakka, mahaifarsa.