Kaliningrad, Koenigsberg Cathedral: description tare da hotuna

picturesque birnin Kaliningrad aka located a cikin mafi yammacin ɓangare na Rasha, sani na da m sauyin yanayi, amber ado, m tarihi da kuma gani. Har tsakiyar 13th karni da ya sa Tvangaste sunan kuma wani Prussian USAID. Bayan da ci daga wadannan yankuna da Salibiyya, a 1255 da Czech sarki Premysl Otakar II da umarnin kafa a wuri mai kagara kira Konigsberg, t. E. Royal. Ba da da ewa birnin da aka kafa a kusa da shi, kuma a cikin farkon karni na 14th, kusa da m tsarin da aka gina ta da shi - Konigsberg Cathedral. Yau, wannan gini ne daya daga cikin manyan kayan ado da kuma mafi akai-akai ziyarci birnin turobektov.

yi

Da haikalin da aka kafa a 1333, da shekara da Bishop Siegfried. Duk da haka, ya mutu nan da nan bayan da yi ci gaba a karkashin shugabanci na Ioganesa Klare. Asali nufin gina wani garu coci. Duk da haka, ta domin na Grand Jagora Luther na Brunswick aka umurce su da su gina babban haikalin.

A aikin da aka fara tare da bagaden yankin da kuma kammala ta 1335-th shekara. Sa'an nan ya fara gina biyu hasumiya, da wani a tsaye rabo, wanda aka yi nufi ga parishioners. A total na Königsberg Cathedral (Kaliningrad) da aka gina a cikin shakka daga shekaru hamsin, sai game da 1380. A gini tsawon 101, wani nisa - tsawo da kuma 36 - 58 mita, shan la'akari da girman da hasumiyarki. Duk da haka, a lokacin da wuta a tsakiyar 16th karni, biyu daga cikinsu an kone, da kuma akwai daya kawai mayar, ta Kudu ado da wani tsayi spire, kuma daga Arewa aka gina pediment.

Königsberg Cathedral (Kaliningrad): Tarihi

Binne shi a 1344 a wuri mai tsarki na ginin, Bishop Ioganes Klare bai rayu har zuwa consecration na coci, wanda ya faru a 1351.

A haikali wanzu kamar yadda cocin Katolika ne kawai game da 170 shekaru, har irin wannan lokaci kamar yadda yankin na Prussia shiga canji. A sakamakon nasarar Protestantism, riga a 1523, da shekara ta Johann Brismanom a cikin Haikali ya karanta na farko Ikklesiyoyin bishara hadisin a Jamus, da kuma Lutheran bangaskiya da aka gane a matsayin hukuma addini. Bayan shekaru 5, ginin da aka bai wa coci a hurumin birnin Kneiphof kuma a kusa da ginin kanta da aka kafa tare da shiri na limaman Kirista na babban coci square, makaranta, da gidaje ga rector na coci, da bishop na cikin gida da kuma gonar gine-gine.

jami'a lokaci

A 1530-ies kusa da Haikalin gina gine-ginen Jami'ar Albertina. Tun wannan lokacin Konigsberg Cathedral fara yi da aiki na coci na wannan sanannen makarantun, kamar yadda daga 1650, shekara ta a cikin ta Kudu Tower fara shirya Vallenrodskaya library, wanda shi ne mai girma tarin kimiyya da kuma addini rubuce-rubucen. Bugu da kari, a lokacin daidai wannan lokacin a cikin coci akwai wani professorial kabari inda aka binne shi, da kuma Immanuel Kant. A 1924, da bicentennial tunawa da Falsafa a wajen gabas na Königsberg babban coci da aka gina portico "Stoa cantiano".

A tarihin Ikilisiya a lokacin yakin duniya na II

Up har da hare-hare na 1944 Königsberg Cathedral tsaya cif. Abin takaici, shi aka mugun lalace a lokacin yakin da kuma daga baya aka fatattakakkun. A arziki ado na coci ya kusan gama ƙone. Suka tsira kawai 'yan gravestones, ciki har da wani abin tunawa a Duke Albrecht Hohenzollern, sanya da Flemish sculptor kuma m Cornelis Floris.

Bayan yaki da gina wata mudda ta tsaye ba tare da wani rufin kuma zuwa sannu a hankali a cikin disrepair.

Restoration of tarihi al'adunmu

A farkon 70-ies karni na karshe Königsberg Cathedral, an yanke shawarar gyara. A rukunin farko na maido da haikalin ya m wani facelift, da kuma cikakken sikelin injiniya fara aiki ne kawai a shekarar 1992.

Tun da Cathedral aka located a kan peaty kasar gona, kafuwar kowace shekara da dama a 'yan millimeters. Tun da haikali tushe da shi sagged fiye da rabin mita, da kuma kwana na son na bango ya fi mutum arba'in santimita. Don magance wadannan mamaki a 1903 aka sanya karya ne windows, amma ba su taimaka, don haka da restorers yi aiki tuƙuru don mayar da ƙarfi daga cikin tsarin. Bugu da kari, a cikin 90s hudu karrarawa aka shigar, kazalika da steeple da Agogon hasumiya a cikin ta Kudu. Saboda haka, haikali ya samu wani nau'i kusa da asali.

description

Königsberg Cathedral (Kaliningrad), photos na wanda ƙawata yawa yawon shakatawa brochures, gina a cikin style na Baltic Gothic. Architecturally, shi ne na ƙwarai ciki hukumar hasumiyar da wani karkace bene, kuma ta arches, muhimmi a cikin Sicilian gine na 11-13 ƙarni.

A watan Oktoba 1998, a ginin Haikalin gidan kayan gargajiya Immanuel Kant da aka bude, wani ɓangare na nuni ne duqufar da tarihi na ginin. A lokacin, aiki ne underway da ta sauya fasalin Koenigsberg Cathedral a cikin muhimmanci da al'adu da kuma addini cibiyar.

The gina gidaje da Ikklesiyoyin bishara da kuma Orthodox ɗakin sujada, da kuma a kai a kai runduna kide na gargajiya da kuma addini music, kuma kasa da kasa zata gasa.

A 'yan ban sha'awa facts

Directed aunaci yin fim a cikin tarihi cibiyar na Kaliningrad, don haka kama da pre-yaki Jamus, yaki, da kuma firam ba samu lokaci da kuma Cathedral.

By da 750th ranar tunawa da kafuwar birnin an saki wani kudin sufurin hatimi da siffar ta jan hankali. Daya daga cikinsu shi ne babban coci. View daga cikin haikali imprinted a kan commemorative tsabar kudi a cikin ƙungiyõyi na goma rubles, wanda shi ne wani ɓangare daga cikin jerin "Ancient Alƙaryu na Rasha", saki a 2005, biyar miliyan kofe.

A shekarar 2007, Königsberg Cathedral ne a contender domin lakabi na daya daga cikin "Bakwai Ban Mamaki Rasha", kuma da wadannan aka gane a matsayin babban alama ce da Kaliningrad yankin a sakamakon Summing up yakin "Bakwai Ban Mamaki amber baki."

Königsberg Cathedral (Kaliningrad): Address

Nemo wannan haikali ne mai sauqi qwarai, kamar yadda located a kan daya daga cikin tsibiran tarihi gari - a kan Kant tsibirin, kewaye da kogin Pregol. The hukuma adireshin da Majalisar: Kant Street, 1. Za ka iya samun can a kan daya daga cikin biyu gadoji a haɗa da babban yankin da kuma tsibirin ..