Kogon lebe da kuma palate: dalili da kuma gyara

A haihuwar jariri - dogon-jiran lokacin ga mutane da yawa. Amma akwai sau lokacin da bushãra bi ta events to wanda iyaye ba su shirya a gaba. Irin wannan eventualities ne nakasar anomalies da kuma lahanin da duhu bayyanar da yaro ta haihuwa.

Kogon lebe da kuma palate - ya fi na kowa haihuwa lahani mutum. A mutane anomaly kira "zaychey lebe" (kogon lebe) da kuma "kogon palate" (kogon palate). Su samuwar daukan wuri a cikin ta farko trimester na ciki, daga 5th zuwa 11th mako na da amfrayo ci gaba.

etiology

"Zaychey lebe" da aka kira wani anomaly, wanda aka halin m ko cikakken rashi na adhesions na kyallen takarda da babba lebe. Yana iya ci gaba kamar yadda wani zaman kanta a jihar, kuma za a iya hade tare da wani kogon palate.

"Tsattsãgẽwa palate" - rata, kogon palate a tsakiyar ko gefen rabo. Yana iya located in wani musamman yankin (agara kashi ko taushi nama na baya palate), ko mika dukan tsawon.

A cikin uwa tasa ta jiki a lokacin daukar ciki iya adversely shafi wani adadin dalilai, sakamakon wani bayyanar wannan anomalies kamar kogon lebe da kuma palate. A Sanadin da wadannan pathologies:

1. Hereditary predisposition - wani mutum wanda aka haifa tare da wani kogon, akwai yiwuwar don canja wurin wannan yanayin da aka gada ta yaro a 7-10% na lokuta.
2. Cuta kwayar asalin, canjawa wuri uwarsa a farko trimester na ciki (rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes cutar kamuwa da cuta, toxoplasmosis).
3. Nauyi muhalli da kuma radiation yanayi a yankin na mata masu a lokacin na dauke da wani yaro.
4. Kullum cututtuka da kuma gwamnati na kwayoyi da teratogenic a bango.
5. Uwar ta miyagun halaye (barasa zagi, shan taba, da yin amfani da miyagun} wayoyi kwayoyi).

Nau'in kogon lebe da kuma palate

A kan tushen da ilimin Halittar Jiki da kuma physiological halaye na rarrabuwa na tsattsagewa an ci gaba. Domin saukaka, za mu gabatar da bayanai a wani tebur.

kungiyar	subgroups	Features subgroups
Ware kogon lebe	submucous	C 1 gefen 2 bangarorin
	Bai cika (s hanci nakasawa ko ba tare da)	C 1 gefen 2 bangarorin
	full	C 1 gefen 2 bangarorin
Ware kogon palate	Wadanda suka shafi kawai yankin na taushi palate	Submucous, bai cika ba, gama
	Wadanda suka shafi yankin na taushi da kuma m palate	Submucous, bai cika ba, gama
Complete kogon palate da alveolar kashi	C 1 gefen 2 bangarorin
Kogon agara kashi na taushi palate, babba lebe da kuma alveolar kashi	C 1 gefen 2 bangarorin
Looping kogon shafi da babba lebe, alveolar tsari, wuya da kuma taushi palate	C 1 gefen	Bangaren dama, hagu
	C 2 bangarorin
Kogon lebe da kuma palate (photo kasa), atypical yanayi

bincikowa da

Pathology aka bayyana a cikin tsawon ciki. Nakasar kogon lebe da kuma palate riga visualized a kan 16-20 mako na da amfrayo ci gaba. Idan duk 3 manyan duban dan tayi jarrabawa da jariri ya bijire daga haska naúrar haka cewa wuya ga ganewar tsarin iya zama wani ƙarya sakamakon binciken.

Reviews iyaye, wanda daga baya ya yara da nakasar anomalies, tabbatar da yiwuwar ƙarya galaba, kuma a duka kwatance. Wasu ce cewa baby da aka haife rashin lafiya, da kuma a sakamakon da yaro ba daban-daban daga takwarorina. Ko, a akasin wannan, uwãyensa sun kasance m, a wani karfi baby ta kiwon lafiya, da kuma da aka haife tare da cutar.

Ciyar da wani jariri da wani abnormality

Kafin ya zo gyara matsalar, kana bukatar ka warware batun tare da yaro-Powered. Ciyar da yara da kogon lebe da kuma palate ne daban-daban, don haka uwar dole ne bi da dokokin, wanda bambanta dangane da nau'i na Pathology.

Idan yaro yana da kawai anomaly a cikin tsarin da lebe, da matsaloli tare da kama da nono da kuma tsotsa bakinsa ya so ba. Kogon lebe da kuma palate ko kawai sama na bukatar wasu gyare-gyare ga jaririn ta abinci ci tun bude tsakanin hanci da baka rami iya daga ƙarƙashinsu a cikin madara, kuma babu wani matsin lamba da ake bukata domin tsotsa tsari.

Yadda madara samun shiga cikin hanci kogo, da kuma iska kamar wancan gudana a cikin bakin da, daidai da, a cikin ciki. Toddlers bukatar dogon lokaci kwance matsayi bayan cin haddi iska kumfa fita. A farko watanni na rayuwa suna tare da m colic, regurgitation, zai iya kai har ma zuwa amai.

ciyar da sharudda:

1. Yi amfani da ko nono ciyar, ko ta wajen ciyar kwalabe (daga wani kofin ko cokali ba lallai ba ne ta ciyar da).
2. Halan cikin ƙirãza kafin a ciyar. Wannan zai kara yawan madara da aiki reflexively, da yaro ba dole ba ne exert yawa kokarin.
3. Ku kiyaye dokokin on-bukatar ciyar. Sau da yawa saka da jariri da nono.
4. Gudanar yatsa squeezing da areola, wanda damar ƙara da protrusion na nono. Idan dole, yin amfani da musamman gammaye, zabi girman da bakin yaron.
5. Idan ka fuskanci unsaturated baby madara sharan tattara nono famfo da kuma karin ciyar daga wani kwalban. A kan nono kuma zabi akayi daban-daban, shan la'akari da sifofin.

magani Jagororin

Yara da kogon lebe da kuma palate bukatar tiyata. Wannan shi ne zama dole ba ne kawai don cire kwaskwarima lahani, amma kuma ya mayar da aiki na narkewa kamar fili da kuma na numfashi tsarin.

Dates na gudanar, ga adadinsu, da yawan baki ya kira kansa mai fiɗa. Kogon lebe da kuma palate an cire wadannan hanyoyin:

• chiloplasty.
• rinoheyloplastika.
• rinoheylognatoplastika.
• veloplastika.
• palatoplastika.
• kashi grafting.

Duk wadannan shisshigi ne primary kogon tiyata. A nan gaba na iya bukatar sakandare ayyukan da cewa wani bangare ne na gyara bayyanar da saura effects.

Rinoheyloplastika

Wannan tiyata don mayar da ilimin Halittar Jiki da kuma physiological halaye na hanci da babba lebe. Kogon lebe da kuma palate ba shafe ta da irin wannan baki, amma ga gyara "zaychey lebe" rinoheyloplastika dauke da hanya na zabi.

Ɗawainiya likitoci:

• sabuntawa na murdede tsarin na lebe na sama.
• Gyara ja iyakarsu.
• samuwar al'ada size buccal kogo.
• mayar da daidai sakawa na hanci.
• da fasali na gyara.
• kafa kasa na hanci sassa.

A mafi yawan lokuta, wadannan dabaru ake amfani da shi, don haka da cewa scars kasance bayyane kamar yadda kadan ne sosai. Gaskiya tsangwama dabara zaba, da mataki na nakasawa na farko da nama da kuma guringuntsi goyon baya da kuma dace postoperative lokaci - da abubuwan da sanin wajibcin sakandare tiyata bayan cikakken maida daga mãsu haƙuri.

Unilateral pathological aiwatar damar da wani aiki a cimma 3-watan haihuwa baby, biyu-hanya - bayan watanni shida. Bayan da yaron robobi ciyar da ko dai da cokali ko ta hanyar wata nasogastric tube, dangane da janar yanayin da shekaru na haƙuri. Bayan 3-4 kwanaki, za ka iya komawa zuwa Hanyar da aka yi amfani da kullum.

Rinoheylognatoplastika

Yara da kogon lebe da kuma palate iya rabu da cutar ta wajen irin wannan shiga tsakani. Wannan aiki ne da nufin kau da ilimin Halittar Jiki cuta hanci, babba lebe da kuma alveolar kashi. Yana damar domin gyara ta hanyar lahani. Bangarorin kogon lebe da kuma palate - daya daga cikin alamomi na rinoheylognatoplastike.

A mafi kyau duka lokaci na aiki ne jariri har m occlusion har yanzu ba kafa cikakken kuma ba tukuna faru teething babba canines.

Veloplastika

Kogon lebe da kuma palate aka mayar da daya yana amfani da mahara gudanar da hanyoyin. Kwararru da kuma hada abubuwa heylorinoplastiki veloplastiki (gyara na taushi palate). A baki ne da za'ayi tare da wadannan manufofin:

• mayar da hadiya aiki.
• numfashi gyara tsari.
• mayar phonation da kuma jawabin.

Idan yaro iya koya ci, don haka da cewa abinci ba zuba daga bakin da hanci, tare da vocal inji shi ne mafi muni. Tsanani canje-canje a cikin magana ba zai iya zama kai-gyara. Wannan yana da muhimmanci a cikin ta farko 'yan shekaru, lokacin da wani yaro koyi yin magana da kuma samar da su mutum damar iya yin komai (singing, kanã karanta shayari).

Veloplastika gudanar daga 8 watanni da shekaru. Yawancin lokaci tiyata yana da kyau jure, da kuma bayan 1-2 kwanaki, jariri na iya ci da kansa.

Palatoplastika

Yara da kogon lebe da kuma palate (tawaya irin yara ne a tambaya) na iya bukatar dama, saukarwa na aiki, wanda aka za'ayi a yau da kullum jinkiri. Idan wani haihuwa lahani shafa ba kawai lebe, alveolar kashi da kuma taushi palate, amma kuma da wuya palate, wannan jiha ne mai nuni ga palatoplastiki.

Bayan gyara na Anatomy da taushi palate rata a cikin m atomatik quntata. By 3-4 shekara da ta zama haka kunkuntar cewa za ka iya mayar da mutunci ba tare da gagarumin traumatic cuta. Irin wannan biyu-mataki gyara yana da wadannan abũbuwan amfãni:

• farkon dawo da yanayi na al'ada ci gaban jawabin siffofin.
• shãmaki ga ci gaban disturbances a cikin bangarori na babba muƙamuƙi.

Daya mataki-dawo shi ne zai yiwu, amma a cikin wannan hali na kara hadarin underdevelopment daga cikin manya muƙamuƙi.

kashi grafting

Wannan aiki da aka yi da Likita, amma hadewa tare da orthodontist. Da za'ayi a lokacin da canji na wucin gadi zuwa dindindin occlusion (7-9 years). A lokacin da shiga tsakani shan dasa daga tibia kashi na haƙuri, kuma transplanted a cikin yankin na kogon alveolar kashi. A dasa iya mayar da mutunci da kashi daga cikin manya muƙamuƙi da kuma haifar da mafi kyau duka yanayi na shigowa na dindindin hakora.

secondary tiyata

Kogon lebe da kuma palate - wani nakasar anomaly cewa zai iya barin wata alama a kan fuskar mutum cikin rayuwarsa. Mafi yawan marasa lafiya bukatar gudanar da sakandare roba tiyata, da manufar wanda shi ne kamar haka:

• gyara bayyanar.
• dawo da jawabin aiki.
• kawar da mahaukaci sadarwa tsakanin biyu cavities (hanci, na baka).
• motsi da kuma karfafawa daga cikin manya muƙamuƙi.

1. Upper lebe

Mafi yawan marasa lafiya da suke so a gudanar da wani gyara na da babba lebe, mayar da hankali da su da hankali ne a kan gaskiyar cewa bayan na farko baki ya tripe. The so ya kawar da shi da kuma kaiwa ga likita. Yana dole ne a tuna da cewa duk wani tabo ko tabo za a iya sanya ƙasa da m karu a adadin, amma ba shi yiwuwa a gaba daya rabu da shi.

M iri:

• m lankwasawa ja iyakarsu.
• jeri na bangaren.
• take hakkin da murdede tsarin ayyuka.
• mahaukaci cikar abu.

2. Hanci

Anomalies na lebe na sama hade tare da hanci nakasar. Secondary hanci tiyata ake bukata domin kusan dukan marasa lafiya. A mataki na nakasawa dogara da tsanani daga primary cuta. Don gyara jeri na bangaren, da na ado bayyanar, na maido da hanci septum da aka gudanar rhinoplasty.

Qananan canje-canje da cewa bukatar gyara za a iya za'ayi a farkon yara. M baki yarda ne kawai bayan 16-17 shekara, a lokacin da kwarangwal na fuskar da aka kafa cikakken.

3. A taushi palate

A sakamakon hadadden crevices da su primary tiyata velofaringealnaya iya zama kasa. Yana da wani pathological yanayin hade tare da hanci murya, slurred magana. M hanyoyin da nufin cire wani jawabin lahani.

The aiki ne a yarda a kowane zamani, amma kafin shi ne mafi kyau domin ganawa da wani jawabin ilimin, da kuma tabbatar da rashin yiwuwar magana alaka a sauran hanyoyi.

Shi ne wanda bai kai ga tantance sakamakon da aiki a kan m palate ne ba zai yiwu ba, saboda murdede tsarin na yankin ne sosai m zuwa waje tsangwama, wanda ke nufin cewa scarring bayan farko tiyata ne ko da yaushe muhimmanci. Don mayar da aikin siffofin cika da wadannan jan:

• sake tsoka plasty ba tare da ko da na lokaci daya elongation.
• roba taushi palate amfani da wani pharyngeal m.

A fasalin da marigayi postoperative lokaci ne da za a magance da kuma gwani logopedist ji kula sana'a.

4. Oronazalnye fitsari

Wannan shi ne na kowa matsala da marasa lafiya sarrafa for kogon lebe da kuma palate. Fitsari ne wani bude tsakanin biyu cavities. M sarrafawa - yankin na alveolar kashi, da wuya palate. A wani wuri shekaru, irin takware zama hanyar samun abinci a cikin hanci, amma yara koyi don sarrafa yanayin. A sakamakon zama hanci da slurred murya.

Kau da fistulas oronazalnyh ɗauke da kashi grafting ta samar da kasa na hanci sassa.

ƙarshe

Kogon lebe da kuma palate, a cikin abin da tawaya ya zauna a cikin tambaya tana nufin wani nakasar yanayin. A cikin hali na mai hade da hadin tsanani Pathology da sauran anomalies iya samun tawaya.

A gaban guda cuta ba tare da wani Associated nakasar anomalies da hali kaddamarda kamar yadda irin wannan, da cewa ba ya hana mutum da kansa kula da kansu da kuma ba tare da munanan a wasu yankunan (shafi tunanin mutum, shafi tunanin mutum, azanci shine). A cikin irin wannan asibiti lokuta, da haƙuri ba gane da inganci.