Kula da seedlings na barkono. Dasa barkono seedlings: shirye-shiryen da tsaba, ƙasa

Dasa da kuma kula da seedlings na zaki da barkono - ba ma hadaddun matakai, amma suka bukatar takamaiman ilimi ga lafiya da kuma karfi dasa kayan.

Yi barkono tsaba for dasa

Seedlings barkono fara da za a dasa daga watan Fabrairu zuwa tsakiyar watan Mayu. A duk ya dogara seedling namo shafin. A wani mai tsanani greenhouse, da kuma a kan windowsill da tsaba suna sown a tsakiyar Fabrairu, amma ba mai tsanani greenhouse dasa motsa jiki ne mafi alhẽri a tsakiyar watan Maris. A tsaba na zaki da barkono a cikin shekaru uku rasa germination, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa su pre-An ware da kuma cire lalace. Don mai karfi da kuma mai yiwuwa seedlings ya barkono, shirye-shiryen da tsaba, da gona dole ne a yi a gaba.

Akwai su da yawa hanyoyin da za a inganta iri germination. Da farko, da k yana da za'ayi, a lokacin da zabi mafi girma da kuma mafi high quality-tsaba, wanda dauke da karin gina jiki reserves. A saboda wannan dalili, ya kamata su yi sharkaf for 'yan mintoci a cikin wani bayani na sodium chloride, wadda aka yi tattali da diluting 1 teaspoon gishiri a 1 kofin ruwa. All sosai gauraye, sa'an nan settles. Don amfani kawai zaunar da dasa tsaba wanda aka wanke da ruwa mai tsarkakẽwa da kuma bushe.

Domin disinfection da kuma haramta motsa germination sharkaf tsaba for 7 da minti a cikin wani dumi 3% hydrogen peroxide bayani ko a minti 30 a potassium permanganate bayani wadda aka yi tattali da rushe 1 g na potassium permanganate a 100 ml na ruwa a dakin da zazzabi ko a cikin halitta, msl, "Ekosile" .

Don inganta germination iya kawai jiƙa for kamar wata kwana da tsaba a dumi ruwa, da yawan zafin jiki ne daga +25 zuwa +30 digiri Celsius. Domin wannan shi ne isa ya sa da tank gauze ko tace takarda, wadda aka sanya a kan saman dasa kayan, da ruwa-rigar. Bi m danshi, da ruwa ya zama dan kadan da tsaba ba rot. Da zarar sun kyankyasar kwan, ya kamata su zama kadan bushe, kuma zuwa shuka kai tsaye a cikin kofuna ko teplichku.

Wasu mai son lambu suna gwaji da tempering tsaba. Wannan shi ne don tabbatar da cewa a nan gaba cikin seedlings da aka saba da zazzabi drop. Germinated tsaba suna sanya 60 da minti a cikin firiji, sa'an nan dauka fitar da rike su a dakin da zazzabi for 2 h. Irin wannan magudi ne da za'ayi 3 more sau.

A zabi na kasar gona da kwantena ga seedlings

Dace kula da barkono seedlings dogara a kan ingancin zaba gona ya zama sako-sako da, da sha danshi. Domin kai-hadawa za a iya amfani da a hade da wani haske launin ruwan kasa peat dauke da undecomposed sharan na shuke-shuke, leaf, greenhouse, Turf, gona, lafiya sawdust, m yashi, perlite, humus, lambu takin da vermicompost. Lamari ne mai muhimmanci da ban a kan yin amfani da ƙasar daga yankin inda a baya girma shuke-shuke da nightshade iyali, domin kauce wa kamuwa da cuta daga seedling pathogens na tumatir da kuma barkono. Bayan hadawa shi wajibi ne su gudanar da disinfection tare da mai rauni bayani na potassium permanganate.

Akwai daban-daban rabbai na ƙasa Collections:

1. A rabo daga 5: 1: 4 humus, peat, kayan lambu lambu ƙasa ko sod. Za ka iya amfani da wani kadan daga kogin yashi.
2. A rabo ne 1: 3: 1 sod ƙasar, peat da kuma humus. Don wannan cakuda ƙara shawarar taki: 10 g superphosphate, ammonium nitrate 1 g, 5 g na potassium gishiri dangane 1 kg na gona.

Yana zai zama mai kyau ga girma a kan Coco substrate seedlings. Da barkono, dasa da kuma kula da seedlings wanda ba daban-daban daga kulawa da shuke-shuke sown a al'ada ƙasa mix zai ji lafiya.

Za a iya kara wa hydrogel gona da cewa za ta riƙe danshi mafi alhẽri. A saboda wannan dalili, beads, pre-kumbura a ruwa, shi ne gauraye da ƙasa. Idan ka yi amfani da bushe granules, a lokacin kumburi, za su kau da ƙasa daga ganga.

Domin dasa seedlings dace kananan kwalaye, roba kofuna ko kwalba, a cell tare da tire, peat Allunan, tukwane da ramuka a cikin kasa.

A sosai dace daya ga seeding ne peat Allunan, wanda yake shi ne sauki don gudanar da seedlings a lokacin grafting ko na zaba.

Shuka tsaba na barkono seedlings

Kwantena cike da ƙasa cakuda don haka kamar yadda barin 2 cm kasa da na sama baki daga cikin tukunya. Lokacin da dasa wani seedling kwalaye yi katako, itace GROOVES zuwa zurfin 1 cm, tare da gibba tsakanin layuka ne 5 cm. A nisa tsakanin da tsaba a kwarin kunya ne 2 cm. Bayan shuka su yayyafa a kananan adadin na ƙasar.

Domin ba su vata lokaci a kan dashi matasa seedlings tsaba gabatar a cikin kofuna ko mutum Kwayoyin.

Capacity seeded da tsaba a cikin ƙasa a wani lõkaci, har da seedlings toho, ya sa a wani wuri dumi kusa da murfin baturin tare da wani bakin ciki polyethylene ko gilashi don rage evaporation. Kowace rana za ka bukatar ka duba ƙasa a cikin akwatin, don kauce wa bushewa. Idan pretreatment na barkono tsaba da aka za'ayi, na farko sprouts bayyana a cikin mako guda. Bayan haka, tsaftace m cover su hana zafi fiye da kima da kuma lalacewar da sprouts.

A ganiya zafin jiki da kuma lighting

Dace kula barkono seedlings ne m for rike da al'ada da yawan zafin jiki, wanda shi ne daga ranar +24 zuwa +26 digiri Celsius da dare daga +15 zuwa +17 digiri Celsius.

Pepper da muhimmanci sosai hasken rana, kamar yadda tsayayya wa wucin gadi lighting. Kafin dasa shuki da seedlings bukatar sanin abin da taga da karin haske a kan shi da kuma ya kamata a girma shuke-shuke. Yana tsiro mafi kyau barkono a wajen gefen kudu.

ƙarin lighting

Amma ba ko da yaushe samun isasshen halitta haske seedlings. Tumatur da barkono bukatar irin wannan kula, don haka a hadari weather za a iya hasken da kyalli fitilu shuke-shuke. A nesa daga tip na seedling ga tsayarwa ya kamata a kalla 15 cm. A tsawon lokaci, da fitilar dole ne a tashe shi daga seedlings girma. A shuka yana bukatar zuwa 20 hours irin wucin gadi lighting.

swordplay seedlings

Bugu da ari kula da seedlings na barkono da ake dangantawa da zabin daga cikin mafi iko da kuma manyan seedlings suna zaune a kan raba tukunya. Wannan ya ba da shuke-shuke fiye da sarari ga ci gaba da kuma shirya su domin nan gaba dasa a bude ƙasa.

Nutse seedlings a lõkacin da suka yi girma ta 2 kananan cotyledon ganye, da ta faru a 2-3 makonni daga dasa tsaba. Don yin wannan magudi shayar ƙasa kuma daga baya cire 2 chasa sprouts wanda sa'an nan trimmed da na uku babban tushen. Kowace shuka aka dasa a raba tukunya ko wasu ganga.

watering

Bayan na farko na kwanaki uku germination cikin ƙasa ba moisturize. Kula barkono seedlings a wannan mataki shi ne dace watering, yin amfani da wani sauki sprayer. Tare da fitowan na cotyledonary bar seedlings shayar a zazzabi na game da digiri 30 Celsius.

Ya kamata ba za a ma moisten cikin ƙasa zuwa wuce kima danshi hasara ba tsokani seedling blackleg lokacin da rots muhimmi ɓangare na kara. A wata 'yar alamar alamar kula da seedlings na barkono zo saukar zuwa dakatar shãyarwa, to, yayyafa da ƙasa itace ash ko calcined yashi. Kana bukatar kuma na yau da kullum airing da ƙasa da lokaci zuwa bushe.

A kasa na kowane tukunya ko akwatin dole takware ga kwarara wuce haddi danshi.

barbarar seedlings

kamata a ciyar da barkono ga al'ada ci gaba. Seedlings na kula dangantaka da taki, bukatar a kalla sau 4. Lokacin da biyu real ganye ne da za'ayi ciyar da bayani samu ta hanyar rushe a 10 lita na dumi ruwa, 15 g na potassium gishiri, 10 g urea, 40 g superphosphate. Daya lita na irin ciyar isa ga 10 shuke-shuke.

Na biyu hadi ne da za'ayi a cikin makonni 2, amma a cikin shirye-shiryen da bayani da aka kara sau 2 more superphosphate.

Domin mafi ci gaban da tushen tsarin na seedlings zuba shirye-shiryen potassium humate, 25 ml na wakili ne diluted a 10 lita na ruwa. Lokacin 6 ganye a lokacin budding kwashe microelement miya, wanda ya hada da tagulla, da baƙin ƙarfe sulphate, orthoboric acid, manganese sulfate, tutiya.

Yana da muhimmanci kada a yi girma seedlings kuma a lokacin da shi dasa a bude ƙasa.