LIAZ-6212 - Rasha version of "Icarus"

Yellow kananan LiAZ (aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa) cruised ta cikin birni bas hanyoyi a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, tare da "Ikarus". Tarayyar dogon tafi, bas tafi zuwa ga dustbin na tarihi, da kuma logo - black Rasha haruffa a baki da'irar - 'yan shekaru baya ya koma kan hanya a manyan birane. Kawai a yanzu, wadannan tambura alamun bas Liaz-6212 - High filin birane motocin.

Sha'awa, da version na wannan na'ura bayyana 4 sau. Motocin samar da daban-daban Enterprises da daban-daban tambura, da iko, damar, amma sõyayya a tsakãninsu duk daya dukiya - babu wani daga cikinsu ba su tafi ba a cikin samarwa. Ga wasu lokaci da prototypes tafiya da hanyoyi na Moscow, amma sai ya bace, kuma su ne. Sa'an nan kuma akwai wani sabon ra'ayi, da kuma daban-daban domin dalilai shi ya samu farko daftarin, sa'an nan ƙãre look, wanda ya shiga jerin.

birni bas

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa jinsin ba musamman prevalent a kewayen birni karauka. A gida mun tafi farko zuwa moribund rawaya "oldies", sa'an nan a cikin ramummuka, sa'an nan kowane ATP da aka warware wannan matsala a yadda. Kamar yadda daya daga cikin dalilan hada da cewa wannan wani zaɓi yana da uku da gatura, 4 ƙõfõfi, kuma a haɗa da rabo tsakanin biyu ciki sassa, da ake kira da mutane "wani akordiyon." Har ila yau, a nan za ka iya hada da kudin da aka gyara da kuma miƙa mulki ga kasuwanci dangantakar da Hungary (mahaifar "Ikarus"). Amma babban dalilin da aka kadai - ci gaban da birane da kuma yawan fasinjoji. A yanke shawara bai zo nan da nan, amma sakamakon da aka LiAZ 6212. Bas ya lengthy, zai iya daukar har zuwa 180 mutane, da kuma mafi muhimmanci, da aka samar a cikin Rasha Federation. Ban sha'awa daidaituwa serial lambobi. A farko bas daga shuka da 677 lambobi.

LiAZ. labarin

Abin da yi ZILom da lyase? Sadarwa a nan shi ne mafi kai tsaye. Origin lyase (rawaya "tsoho" a cikin hoto sama) da aka ɓullo to ZiL shuke-shuke. Da kuma hasken rana shi ne kamar zuwa ZIL. Amma wadannan motocin ba saduwa da bukatun fasinjoji 1960s. A sakamakon haka, a cikin kewayen birni garin Likino-Dulyovo a shekarar 1960 shi ya fara zayyana sabon tsarin. The aikin yi amfani da shirye-sanya almara ZIL da sauran aukuwa giant bas - Laz. Kamar wancan ne aka haife LiAZ 677. Shekaru 40 da suka shige, kuma har yanzu wannan factory kusa Moscow ne wani sabon ci gaba - LiAZ 6212.

Amma ba za ka iya ce cewa wadannan shekaru 40, da factory ya zauna kawai a samar da 677. Haka ne, shi ya kasance mai nasara model, amma da damar mutane 90 (wannan adadi bayyana a cikin takardar bayanai 677) iya tsara har da wasu kananan gari. Na dogon lokaci da aka dauke a birnin bas 5256 th na daya shuka. Development dadin wani shahararsa, amma kuma da manyan birane zo ga ƙarshe cewa Simplex gyara marasa amfani baki ɗaya. Duk da haka, na farko na gwaji motar LIAZ-6212 kasance daidai kwafin na samfur, kawai ya fi girma.

rikodin takardar shaida

A gwajin da aka shirya domin gabatowa "Motor Show" (2002 Moscow Presnya). Wadannan gwaji bas samu a jikin 5256, wani Jamus zanga-zanga, da kuma Jamus a matsayin "wani akordiyon." Engine sanya a kan wata fitina gyara Caterpillar-3126E, wanda yana da lantarki iko, saduwa da nagartacce "Yuro-3", da kuma nuna quite sakamako mai kyau. A sabon inji shi ne "mafi kyau kocin 2003". Bayan wata shida, a watan Fabrairu na 2003, sabuwar model tafi a kan ta farko birane jirgin.

An riga an saki a cikin jerin bokan LiAZ 6212 - biyu-yanki high filin bas. Amma rikodin takardar shaida deadlines sun taka zamba a kan shi. Tun da farko version tattara a cikin hunturu, a samar da model riga ya fara da matsaloli. Da farko, game da sanyaya tsarin, wanda aka maye gurbinsu kawai kome. Saboda haka da yawa don haka, da cewa ga matsala-free aiki ya kashe engine. Nisan da hanya ya yiwu ne kawai bayan da na halitta sanyaya.

Sa'an nan a matsalar aiki na samfur da aka gano a cikin hadin gwiwa taro na levers, ko da yake babu wani daga cikin model, yin amfani da irin wannan wuraren, shi ba har sai wannan matsala. A rarrabe da takardar shaida ya kuma zama mai sauya jiki, amma ya gano matsaloli. Sau da yawa, saboda high yanayin zafi maras kyau ta. Har ila yau, wani aibi cladding bangarori kai ga cewa ko da qananan gyare-gyare (misali, sauyawa daga haske kwararan fitila) ya cire ɓangare daga gare su.

ASKP

Amma duk da matsaloli, da mota rundunar sayar fitar da kyau a Moscow. Duk da haka, kafin ya bar shi da farko bas hanyoyi kowane samu ƙarin kayan aiki a ma'aikata a Tushino. Canza kujeru, mai kyalli fitilu da aka shigar a cikin gida. Major canje-canje a cikin halaye na bas LIAZ-6212 ya yi a lokacin shigarwa na sarrafa kansa fasinja nunawa tsarin. A bas canza bangare raba da direba ta gida na fasinja daki, kuma tourniquets doustanovit handrails ga tsarin.

Bayani dalla-dalla da kuma hotuna

Duk da yawa flaws da gunaguni da direbobi, developers ne a wani sauri zuwa magance updates. A factory mu ɓullo da wani sabon bas, wanda dogara ne a kan dan kadan sabunta sa LiAZ 6212 fasaha bayani dalla-dalla na sabon model da daya manyan bambanci. Idan a farko bas da aka yi amfani da Caterpillar dizal 300 l. s., sabon version yana da gas Cummins engine da 280 lita. wani. Bugu da kari zuwa wasu habaka, sabon engine saduwa da nagartacce "Yuro-4". A kusan guda halaye na sauran wani sabon version yana da wani sabon rajistan shiga nufi (6 matakai idan aka kwatanta da 3) da kuma wani dan kadan mafi girma tsawo.

Main canje-canje shafa bayyanar. Bas wani headliner, mafi m kula da tsarin, da kuma ƙara girman da windscreen. Wannan version yana da wani code 62127 matsayin wani ci gaba. Tun da farko a cikin labarin ya nuna wani hoton LiAZ 6212. Photos of sabon model yana da wani musamman da bambance-bambance, sai dai da nuni gaban na hanya, wanda ya shiga gida, inda da Gilashin motan ya karu. Sha'awa, da 6213 block da kwatance lambar baya up, amma Gilashin motan zauna guda girma.

Har ila yau, duka biyu versions bambanta fundamentally sabon sanyaya tsarin located a kan rufin farko daki. Zai yiwu wannan hukunci ya zo ne bayan da farko na samar da trolleybus kai a cikin shuka.

ƙarshe

LIAZ-6212 - wani tushen sabon ci gaba, da kuma yayin da har yanzu a bas amfani da wani babban yawan shigo da sassa, an dauke zalla Rasha. samar da tutu sun sayar da dangantaka da Hungary, nasarar da model 677 cewa kowa da kowa ya gani, kuma babu kasa nasara 5256 na biyu, musamman idan ka yi la'akari da model 5280 - 5256 trolleybus gyara.