Laz-697 "Tourist": fasaha bayani dalla-dalla. Intercity bas

Tun da halittar kuma har shekara ta 1955 a cikin kewayon samar da Lviv Bus Shuka su. 50 shekaru da Tarayyar Soviet kunshi: cranes da kayayyakin gyara, lantarki motocin, shasi for Trailers kansu Trailers, musamman Trailers ga harkokin sufuri na burodi, motoci, Vans, mobile shagunan Trailers ... A general, da shuka ya samar da wani abu, sai dai bas kansu. Kuma kawai 17 Agusta 1955 shuka fasaha shawara a lokacin wani Extended taron gano wadanda. manufofin da kuma shugabanci na ci gaba da samar da motoci da kuma kocina.

Prototypes Laz bas

Musamman ga motar matukin jirgi shuka kafa a factory KB, management na wanda aka wakilta V. Osepchugovu. Babban Ofishin masana da aka gabatar ga matasa zanen, kwanan nan sauke karatu daga mota masana'antu cibiyoyin.

Da farko Laz shirya ya fara samar da wani ƙãre model na bas ZIS-155. Duk da haka, wani m matasa tawagar CB ya tantama da irin wannan hange, da kuma samarwa halittar motarsa. A ra'ayin da aka goyan bayan a babban jami'in gudanarwa, da kuma musamman domin Laz zuwa aikin bai fara daga karce, aka saya a lokacin da latest Turai kocina: "Magirus", "Neoplan" da "Mercedes". Factory injiniyoyi su a zahiri dismantled da sukurori, a hankali nazarin zane fasali na shigo da motoci.

A sakamakon haka, ta hanyar karshen shekara ta 1955, wani samfur bas ya kusan shirye. Domin da farko lokacin da aka yi amfani da karfi tushe, kunsha na tube cewa yana da wani rectangular giciye sashe. Tare da kafuwar tabbaci tuntube bas jiki tsari. The mota mota, wanda shi ma wani sabon abu, located longitudinally a raya part.

Dabaran dakatar CB shuka ana ci gaba tare da Amurka injiniyoyi. Shi ne mai al'ada, spring-spring tsarin, wanda stiffness ƙaruwa proportionally kara load. Saboda haka, mataki na cinkoson bas ba ya shafar ta'aziyya daga cikin fasinjoji tafiya. Yana wani rarrabe halayyar na Lviv da inji.

A shekarar 1956, tare da shuka birgima kashe farko birni Laz-695, wanda ya zama samfur don nan gaba nesa gyare-gyare.

A farkon "yawon shakatawa" hanya

A cikin fall na 1958 Lviv Automobile Shuka ta fito da wani samfur bas for nesa sadarwa. Saboda gaskiya. cewa na'ura zai iya amfani da dogon ja da ƙarfi, ya ce wa mai ƙidaya index samu Bugu da kari - "The Tourist". A sabon bas wani hadin gwiwa samfurin daga cikin mota da kuma Amurka Cibiyar zane injiniyoyi.

Bugu da kari to "The Tourist" ya samu wani yawan zane canje-canje da cewa rarrabe shi daga samfur (Laz-695), da zanen kaya sun yi kokarin haifar da wani dadi yanayi domin fasinjoji.

Bulkhead kofofin located a kan duka biyu na ƙyallen maƙalawa a gida, maye gurbinsu guda leaf, wanda ya buɗe da hannu. Zamiya rufin mota ya yi.

Domin ciki sauyin yanayi Laz-697 "Tourist" amsa da tsari biyu:

• dumama iska hita irin;
• tilasta samun iska, dakunan da wani humidifier.

Salon lasafta a kan 33 kujeru.

The mota da aka quite dadi zane da daidaitacce backrest. Bugu da kari, kowane wurin zama sanye take da: mutum kumfa dare lighting Grid tsara don littattafai, jaridu da mujallu, kazalika da tiren kashe taba.

Don shiryar da bayar raba kara amfani wurin zama - 34th, pivotable ta 180 digiri.

An wannan Lviv Bus da aka farko sanya alamar kasuwanci ZIL - harafin "L" a wani Chrome firam. Bugu da ari, irin wannan wata ãyã ta je nufi duk m model da kuma gyare-gyare na motocin samar da shuka.

A ƙãre samfur model aka gabatar a Nunin na tattalin arziki Nasarori, a wani sabon category - "Intercity bas". Bayan takara a Nunin na tattalin arziki Nasarori bas tafi tare da wani yawon shakatawa kungiyar, kunsha daga cikin mafi daraja ma'aikata na shuka, a kan tafiya, ta hanyar gurguzu Poland da kuma Czechoslovakia.

kai biyu

A farkon lokacin rani 1959 Laz halitta wani version of "The Tourist", tare da wannan lambar alama, amma yana da wani yawan tsarin bambance-bambance daga farko samfur.

Tsanani canje-canje sun shafi rufin bas: shi zamiya da samfurin da aka maye gurbinsu da wata babbar ƙyanƙyashe (1.8 x 2.7 m), saboda wanda ya rage a yankin na rufin glazing haskoki. A karo na farko a kan wannan model sama da windscreen aka saka iska ci, wanda ya samar da halitta samun iska daga cikin fasinja daki. A siffar da shi ya yi kama da wani visor daga hula. Duk da wadannan bas kawota a cikin irin wannan ganiya, wanda ya zama wani irin hallmark na manholes. Har ila yau gãdon duk m model na bas an karuwa a cikin size da taga, da farko shigar a kan biyu Laz-697.

Kaya na fasinjoji da aka Fitted kai tsaye a karkashin gida bene. Loading kaya za'ayi waje ta hanyar musamman gefen hatches located a tarnaƙi na bas.

Da ikon naúrar an engine Zil-164. Dakatar da spring irin (Semi-elliptical leaf marẽmari 4) tare da marẽmari domin gyara.

Wannan Lviv Bus 2 a jere shekaru aka gabatar a matsayin nuna a duniya nune-nunen: a shekara ta 1959 - a Faransa, da kuma a 1960 - a Switzerland.

Inji gina a jerin, sãɓã wa jũna daga samfur ikon naúrar. Intercity bas shigar 109 HP engine ZIL-158A. A wannan engine kuma samu birni - Laz-695B.

Laz-697: Bayani dalla-dalla

• Girman bas, m - 9,19 x 2,99 x 2.5 (tsawon, nisa, tsawo, bi da bi).
• Tsare Weight - 6 t 950 kg.
• Cikakken nauyi na na'ura - 10 t 230 kg.
• Clearance - 27 cm.
• Reserve gudun - 80 km / h.
• Ikon da ikon naúrar - 109 l / s.
• PPC - manual da biyar matakai.
• Hada guda biyu - da irin single-Disc, bushe, sanye take da wani na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa drive.
• Da nisa daga cikin kofa bude - 84 cm.
• Yawan kujerun ga fasinjoji - 33.
• Nassi nisa - 45 cm.
• The juya radius - 9.6 m.

Gyara na "Tourist"

Bayan da littafin da jerin Laz-697 cin inji ba su daina akwai, da kuma a kan lokaci akwai 4 gyare-gyare intercity bas:

• Laz - 697E.
• Laz - 697M.
• Laz - 697N.
• Laz - 697R.

Gyara na "E"

Tun da 1961, da shuka ZIL fara samar bas zuwa Lviv sabon injuna, a 150-karfi naúrar daga ZIL-130. Wadannan injuna suna shigar a duka biyu da birane da kuma dogon nesa bas, saboda abin da na sa alamar samar model canza (kara harafin "E") - Laz-695E da Laz-697E bi da bi.

canje-canje sakamakon da aka karuwa a cikin iyakar gudu bas zuwa 87 km / h. Duk da haka, jam'iyyar bayar da sabon injuna sun kananan, don haka tare da modified model na shuka ci gaba, don samar da "haihuwa" bas. Externally, da "haihuwa" da "sabon" inji daga juna ba su sãɓã ba.

Ba sai 1964, lokacin da Zilovskoye wadata powertrains sun zama na yau da kullum, da kuma sabon engine cikakken maye gurbin tsohon model.

Shi ne daga wannan shekara modified bas sha wahala qananan waje canje-canje - da dabaran arches zama taso, suna gudãna daga cikin na'ura cire gefe moldings. A wannan ta karshe ne a kan, da kuma a hanyar da bas aka kerarre har 1969.

Gyara na "M"

A shekarar 1970, da gargajiya model na bas samu karin babban canje-canje da cewa shãfe da kocina, kuma ta birane da takwaransa, duka biyu motoci ma samu to su dijital sa alama da harafin "M". Yanzu an kira su LAZ- 697M da Laz-695M (intercity da kuma birnin, bi da bi).

Designers gaba daya watsi da gilashin rufin gangara, amma ya karu yankin na gefen windows. Bugu da kari, cikin iska ci bututu na engine ya tafi, wanda aka baya shigar a baya na bas. Yana da aka maye gurbinsu da gefen deflectors.

Canje-canje da aka sanya da kuma inji watsa. Factory raya aksali aka maye gurbinsu da mafi m - "Bawan", da Hungarian samar, da kuma dakunan da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tuƙi.

Amma da farko, a zanga-zanga da model cewa factory ma'aikata gabatar a Moscow nuni a 1969, ɗan daban-daban daga Serial Bus tsara ƙarshen gaban da na'ura da kuma gaban da dama gaggawa kofofi, wanda sun maye gurbin gargajiya gilashin.

Serial samar da Laz-697 M ci gaba har shekarar 1975, wanda da lokaci ya riga ya shirya don maye gurbin wani canji "Tourist" - Laz-697N. Af, mai cikakken miƙa mulki ga sabon inji aka za'ayi a hankali, na farko da taro line gangara model, waxanda suke da wani matasan na biyu versions. A ƙarshen gaban da aka fi na Laz-697M da kuma mayar da riga daga sabon Laz-697N.

Laz-697N

Harafin "H", ya maye gurbin "M" a cikin index na na'ura, akwai sau daya a serial Laz-697M ya karu da girman windshields. Mun yi shi a shekarar 1973. Amma a karo na farko a mota tare da irin wannan fihirisar bayar a kan nasarori na nuni a Moscow a 1971. A gaskiya ma shi ne wani tsohon 697M, amma tare da wani sabon zane gaban.

Mass samar da bas fara a shekarar 1975. A a layi daya, da shirye-shirye domin samar da wadannan mota, wanda ya kamata ya fito a cikin jerin shekaru biyu daga baya, da kuma samun index Laz-697R. Kuma yayin da akwai wani sauyin lokaci, taron line fara zuwa na tsaka-tsaki model kamar yadda modified zane canje-canje.

Alal misali, a cikin wadannan inji aka cire gaba daya daga ayyuka gefen windows da kuma maye gurbin su da m gilashin takardar, kuma domin shan iska vnutrisalonnoe posted waje iska ci located a kan rufin bas. A na baya overhang yana da wani gaban hinged kofofin.

Laz-697R

Production na kara gyara, Laz-697R, ya fara, kamar yadda suka shirya, a 1978. A bisa ga al'ada, da sabon bas daga haihuwa bambanta dan kadan. A mafi daukan hankali bambanci daga Laz-697R Laz-697N ya ba da baya kofa, daga ta sake An yi watsi da saboda gaskiyar cewa da kasancewar ya rage yawan kujerun. To, wata ãyã ta dabam a kan wanda shi yiwuwa a rarrabe sabon model daga haihuwa - shi ne wuri na nuna sakonni. A Laz-697R shugabanci Manuniya da more zamani square da aka located kai tsaye sama da fitilolin mota. A Laz-697N nuna sakonni located a gefe na fitilolin mota, da siffar su ya zagaye.

Rikidar to tarihi

All gyare-gyare 697 jerin motocin mallakar tsakiyar aji, da kuma lokacin da bai tsaya cik. Abin da ake bukata a mota tare da wani yawa na kujerun. Saboda haka, a shekarar 1985, da samar da haihuwa "yawon bude ido" sun daina. Su aka maye gurbinsu da wani sabon 41-wurin zama Laz-699, aika 697-th jerin category na "bege-bas"

Our kwana da Lviv bege "Tourist"

Sai da na ɗauki fiye da rabin karni tun sa'an nan, da yadda ya yi ta farko samfur bas labeled Laz-697. Amma har yanzu a cikin sirri talla za a iya samu sanarwa na sayar da inji wannan jerin. Kuma ya kamata a lura da cewa bege bas ba kawai ma'aikatan, amma kuma kyawawan mai kyau yanayin. Hakika, na nesa tafiya ne mai wuya kowa zai yi tunanin yin amfani da irin wannan na'ura, amma ga zaman kansa collections zai zama quite sãmi. Bugu da kari, bas halin kaka gwada da low.

Amma akwai ban. A gidan kayan gargajiya na birane kai a Kiev akwai daya daga cikin iri na "The Tourist" - Laz-697M. Wannan motar ne daya daga dama model (masana sun ce duk uku daga cikinsu), wanda aka kiyaye su a cikin na ainihi siffan, har ma da guje jihar. A gidan kayan gargajiya, ya kasance bayan maido da za'ayi a cikin factory Laz. Kuma, gaskiya, idan wannan shi ne ainihin daya daga cikin uku sauran inji, da real kudin bas ne da wuya su yi tunanin.

By kuma manyan, abin da yake farashin da haihuwa na'ura, shi ba kome, da abin da zance ne cewa akwai mutanen da suke ba sha'aninsu dabam da tarihi na kai ci gaba a cikin Tarayyar Soviet.