Manyan masana'antu a Omsk da Omsk yankin: tarihi da kuma wayewar

Tsire-tsire Omsk da Omsk yankin taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tattalin arzikin Rasha. A dabarun wuri a cikin zuciya na ƙasar damar gida kamfanoni don kafa kasuwanci tarayya tare da gabas da yamma. A yankin da aka sani ga jirgin sama masana'antu, inji gini, metallurgy, tsaro da kuma lantarki masana'antu.

pre-neman sauyi ci gaba

Har da marigayi karni na 19th a kan ƙasa na Omsk baki bace factory samar, wanda zai yi amfani da inji kuma tururi injuna. Construction na Railway a 1890 canza halin da ake ciki: game da w / a layin a kan hagu banki na Irtysh wani sawmill da sleeper impregnation shuka. Ba da da ewa a kusa da tashar da kuma gina wani tubali-yin niƙa.

Kawai a cikin 1893 akwai na farko ma'aikata a Omsk, inda ya kasance a inji engine. Kafin juyin juya hali, da most samarwa ya plugostroitelny factory (yanzu tara Shuka. Kuibyshev).

A farko shekaru biyar shirin

Rundunar jayayya bayan juyin juya hali ya kai ga dakatar da samarwa. Kawai tare da kafa na Soviet da iko a 1919, samar fara warke. A musamman, metalworking shuke-shuke Omsk: 1st inji, "Energy" factory "Red Plowman" (kafin juyin juya halin Randrup factory) - aka hadedde cikin kungiyar "Metallotrest".

A cikin tsakiyar 20s da most kamfanin a yankin ne Siberian factory na noma kayan aiki, wanda yawan sama da 500 ma'aikata. A shekara ta 1938, da SNK yanke shawarar gina Omsk hula factory, wanda har yanzu shi ne girman kai na yankin. A daidai wannan lokacin da aka gina igiyar factory da mota taro.

wartime

A farkon yakin duniya na II da gudummawar da m ci gaban masana'antu a yankin. A 1941-1942, Omsk dauki fiye da dari ƙanana da manyan kamfanonin kwashe daga gaban. Dirkoki na tsaro kansu fara uku samar shafukan:

• Omsk Shuka. Kuibyshev, shirki, game da shuka №20 Commissariat sufurin jiragen sama Industry. Yana samar da harsasai, ciki har da aka gyara domin roka.
• Birnin Leningrad, Shuka. Voroshilov №174. A da shi suka taru almara T-34 da aka shirya.
• Uku Moscow jirgin sama factory (daga baya ya hade a Aerospace kamfanin "Flight") fara samar da Tu-2 da kuma Yak-9.

A cikin bazara na shekara 1942 a Omsk aka canjawa wuri zuwa samar da wuraren da yawa kamfanoni a cikin likita, haske da abinci masana'antu.

postwar ci gaba

Tare da karshen tashin mafi yawan samar da ya zauna a cikin birnin, wanda a yarda da Omsk yankin zama daya daga cikin manyan masana'antu cibiyoyin da Tarayyar Soviet. A cikin shekaru 50 na karni na ashirin, da jerin shuke-shuke a Omsk ya bayansa mafi girma a cikin gida da matata. Its yi a watan Nuwamba shekarar 1949, na farko samfurin samu 09.05.1955 shekara. A Omsk matata za'ayi samar da fetur, dumama man fetur, dizal da sauran petrochemical kayayyakin.

1959 ya zama shekara na haihuwa na particulate shuka a Omsk (yanzu Carbon Black Shuka). A shekarar 1960, da kwanciya da wani petrochemical giant - sha'anin domin samar da roba roba. A farko roba aka samu, da 24/10/1962 da 05/15/1963, da sayar da samar da butadiene. Har ila yau a cikin 60s kaddamar manyan masana'antu gas kayan aiki, oxygen da kuma sauran aikin injiniya.

Domin da 80 ga watan shekara a Omsk yankin, mafi cigaban aikin noma, petrochemical da na'ura-ginin gidaje. Su lissafta ga 70% na jimlar masana'antu samar yankin. A mafi muhimmanci su ne Omsk inventories particulate shuka da kuma tsaro kamfanonin, daga cikinsu tsaye a waje domin "Flight."

A wannan zamanin kasuwar dangantakar

90s aka halin da kusan ninki biyu dakushe tattalin arzikin yankin. Musamman shafi aikin injiniya. Alal misali, a 1995 DIC shuke-shuke da damar yin amfani a kan talakawan bai wuce 40%. A akasin haka, shi nuna wani enviable zaman lafiyar Omsk matata. Ya kasance wani abu m maroki na Rasha man fetur.

List of shuke-shuke a Omsk da Omsk yankin, wanda ya yi mafi girma taimako ga yankin kasafin kudin:

• "OmskEnergo" (wutar lantarki kansu);
• "Sibneft - Omsk Oil matata" (man fetur).
• "Omskshina" (sinadaran).
• "Rosar" (abinci).
• nama factory "Omsk" (abinci).
• "Omsktehuglerod" (sinadaran).
• Kai Machine-Building Shuka (injiniya).
• TF "Omsk" (abinci).
• ACCI "Osha" (abinci).
• "Matador Omskshina" (sinadaran).

By 2015, da manyan kamfanoni na gida tattalin arzikin da aka har yanzu sarrafa masana'antu. Omsk matatar ne na biyu girma na aiki a duniya (har zuwa miliyan 29. Ton na man fetur a kowace shekara) kuma mafi technologically m, a kasar.

A rabo na "Omskshina" lissafta ga 20% na tayoyin samar a Rasha. Brand tayoyin "Matador Omskshina" da "Matador" a bukatar a cikin gida da kuma kasashen waje kasuwanni. carbon baki shuka - daya daga cikin manyan Rasha petrochemical.

A ci gaba da tsaro kwangila da gudummawar da ci gaban da Omsk aikin injiniya kansu a cikin tsaro masana'antu. Research Institute of Instrumentation ya zama wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar "Orion", "Omsktransmash" canjawa wuri "Uralvagonzavod", da Defence, su. Baranov shiga tsarin SPC Gas injin turbin "Ku gai da", "Polyot" sake daga mai zaman kanta sha'anin a cikin reshe na Khrunichev. Khrunichev. A hada da wadannan shuke-shuke a cikin manyan kamfanoni kunna su sãdu zuwa jama'a kudade.