Marubuci Vladimir Voinovich

Marubuci Vladimir Voinovich ga fiye da rabin karni da ya wallafe-wallafen aiki, amfani da su zama cibiyar hankalin mai karatu da ya kasance a cikin giciye-wuta zone wallafe-wallafen zargi da ra'ayi nuna adawa sansani. Ko da yake nema marubuci irin wannan rabo? Ko shi ne wani hatsari? Ka yi kokarin fahimtar.

Vladimir Voinovich: biography a kan bango na zamanin

Future Rasha marubuci da aka haife shi a 1932 a Stalinabad, a lokacin da aka sani da babban birnin kasar na rana Tajikistan, Dushanbe. Ba zai ƙari da cewa Voynovich Vladimir Nikolaevich, biography cewa zai fara a cikin m lardin, aka farko predisposed zuwa zabi na kawai irin wannan hanyar. Iyaye na gaba marubuci sun fasaha mutane, ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa ga aikin jarida. Duk da haka, da hanya zuwa mai zaman kanta da wallafe-wallafen aikin da aka sosai ba kusa da shi. Duk da cewa ya waqe da aka buga a lardin factory jarida, na farko poetic gwajen kamata a yi la'akari sosai amateurish. A kasar gogaggen tsawon tarihi, a yanzu da aka sani da "Khrushchev narke", a lokacin da Vladimir Voinovich Made ya halarta a karon tare da na farko litattafan aiki. Bayan da aka sabis a cikin sojojin, aiki a kan gona da kuma a kan yi shafukan, an yi ƙoƙari mara nasara shiga kwaleji. Yana wani lokaci na m sabunta dukkan zamantakewa da kuma al'adu rai. A adabi, cikin sauri fashe a cikin ƙarni na gaba, shahararren wakilin wanda ya Vladimir Voinovich. Littattafan da aka sharply jayayya da samu a m martani daga masu karatu da dama.

shayari

Duk da haka, na farko a san Voinovich samu a matsayin wani mawãƙi. A alfijir na sarari shekaru ya sami fadi da shahararsa a cikin song lyrics "Goma sha huɗu minti kafin a fara." Yana da aka nakalto Khrushchev kansa. A tsawon shekaru, wannan song aka dauke da unofficial take na Soviet sarari shirin. Amma duk da cewa Vladimir Voinovich ne marubucin fiye da arba'in songs, babban shugabanci na aikinsa shi ne litattafan.

Gamawa na "narke"

Bayan da hambarar da Khrushchev a cikin Soviet al'adu rai na sabon sau. A akida dauki yanayin gaya gaskiya ya zama da wuya sosai. Kuma shi ne mai riba. Amma Vladimir Voinovich, wanda littattafai riga tsiwirwirinsu game da fadi da kewayon masu karatu, ba kunya da magoya. Opportunistic Soviet marubuci ya yi ba. Sabon, sharply satirical ayyukan Soviet gaskiya diverged a samizdat kuma aka buga a waje na Tarayyar Soviet. Sau da yawa ba tare da sanin ko izni daga marubucin. A mafi muhimmanci aiki na wannan zamani ne "The Life, kuma m Kasadar Private Ivan Chonkin." Wannan labari, ci a wani absurdist style, suka yadu da aka sani a cikin West, kuma aka dauke anti-Soviet. A littafin na wannan littafin a mahaifarsa ba za a iya dauke. Wannan irin adabi da aka rarraba a cikin Tarayyar Soviet kawai a buga form. A karatu da kuma rarraba shi gaban shari'a.

Advocacy

Bayan adabi, Vladimir Voinovich furta da kanta a matsayin wani aiki jama'a adadi, magana domin hakkokin da repressed. Ya sa hannu daban-daban kalamai da bayyane a cikin ni'imar da a saki fursunonin siyasa, taimaka iyalansu financially. Domin bayar da shawarwari marubuci a shekara ta 1974 da aka fitar daga cikin Writers 'Union mambobi, wanda ya hana shi daga samun rai wallafe-wallafen aikin da kusan hagu ba tare da wani abincinsu.

ƙaura

Duk da shafe tsawon siyasa zalunci kasashen waje Vladimir Voinovich ya bayyana ne kawai bayan yunkurin da a kan ransa da tsaro da sabis. A marubuci yana da rai bayan yunƙurin guba da shi a cikin dakin, "Metropol" hotel a Moscow. A Disamba 1980, daga al'amarin Brezhnev, ya aka hana wa Soviet dan kasa, to wanda ya ce cizon satirical sharhinsa, ya nuna amincewa cewa, umurnin na mataki ba zai šauki tsawon. Kan gaba shekara goma sha biyu da marubuci ya rayu a West Germany, France, kuma Amurka. Ya jagoranci watsa a rediyo "Freedom", rubuta wani mabiyi ga "Ivan Chonkin", rubuta m da aikin jaridar articles, memoirs, kwaikwaiyo da kuma rubutun. Babu shakka nan da sannu koma mahaifarsa. Vladimir Voinovich koma zuwa Moscow a shekarar 1992, bayan rushewar Tarayyar Soviet. Shi ne mai wuya lokaci ga kasar nan, amma yana da dalilin da ya sa rai ga ba mafi kyau.

Vladimir Voinovich shahara labari "Moscow 2042"

Daya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan marubuci ne a satirical labari game da wani misali ne nan gaba dystopia Rasha. Mutane da yawa la'akari da shi da pinnacle na kerawa a Voinovich. Babban hali, wanda aka gudanar a madadin da labari da dama a cikin wata gaba daya m, amma recognizable duniya na Soviet gaskiya, gina a cikin mafi girman mataki na hauka. Ta hanyar da dama sihiri saida kaya na absurdities yadu kyan gani, duk saba hakikar. Amma a cikin labari Voinovich suka kawo su ma'ana matsananci. A cikin wannan littafin ya juya a kira su da wani abu da ba ya ba da damar kawai dãriya da abun ciki da kuma manta game da shi. Mutane da yawa masu karatu za su sami labari annabci da kuma kowace rana fiye da more an gano kamance m duniya wanda aka nuna a cikin shi tare da real. Musamman zuwa mutuža cewa, a matsayin nesa an rage hankali har zuwa shekara ta nuna a cikin suna na marubucin littafin - "Moscow 2042".