Me capacitors? capacitor connection

Electric capacitor - shi ne mai na'urar da za su iya adana cajin da lantarki filin makamashi. M ya kunshi wata biyu daga conductors (wayoyin) rabu da wani dielectric Layer. A kauri daga cikin dielectric ne ko da yaushe yawa fiye da karami da girman da faranti. A lantarki m haihuwarka capacitor denoted 2 tsaye a layi daya segments (II).

Basic siga da kuma naúrar

Akwai wasu muhimman dabi'u cewa ayyana capacitor. Daya daga cikinsu - wannan shi ne iyãwarsa (da Latin harafi C), da kuma na biyu - da aiki irin ƙarfin lantarki (Latin U). Banana capacitance (ko wani akwati) a cikin SI tsarin da aka auna a farads (F). Kuma kamar yadda a naúrar damar 1 farad - mai yawa - kusan ba amfani a yi. Alal misali, wutar lantarki na duniyarmu ne kawai 710 microfarads. Saboda haka, lantarki capacitance na capacitors a mafi yawan lokuta auna a Kalam na farad dabi'u: a picofarads (PF) a wata sosai kananan darajar capacitance (1pF = 1 / Yuni ¹⁰ uF) a microfarads (uF) ga wani isasshe manyan da darajar (1 F = 1 / Yuni ¹⁰ F). Don lissafi da lantarki capacitance, shi wajibi ne don raba da adadin cajin tara tsakanin wayoyin, da m bambanci a tsakanin module (capacitor ƙarfin lantarki). A lura da capacitor a cikin wannan harka - shi ne mai lura accumulates a kan daya daga cikin faranti na na'ura a tambaya. Domin 2 conductors na na'urar suna da guda a girma amma ya bambanta a ãyã, sai su ware Naira Miliyan Xari ne ko da yaushe daidaita da sifili. A lura da capacitor da aka auna a coulombs (CL), da kuma kaddamarda da wasika Q.

A irin ƙarfin lantarki a nema

Daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci sigogi dauke da mu ne na'urar fashewa ƙarfin lantarki - da m bambanci dabi'u na biyu conductors na capacitor, wadda take kaiwa zuwa lantarki rashin lafiya na dielectric Layer. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki a wadda na'urar fashewa ya auku, aka ƙaddara da siffar conductors, dielectric Properties kuma ta kauri. yanayin aiki a karkashin abin da ƙarfin lantarki a kan faranti kusa da rashin lafiya na nema, ba a yarda. Al'ada aiki irin ƙarfin lantarki na capacitor ne kasa da fashewa sau da yawa (biyu ko sau uku). Saboda haka, da zabi ya kamata kula da rated ƙarfin lantarki da kuma iya aiki. A mafi yawan lokuta, wadannan dabi'u nuna a kan na'urar, ko kuma a cikin fasfo. Kunna capacitor cibiyar sadarwa irin ƙarfin lantarki wucewa da rated razana ta rashin lafiya, da kuma sabawa daga maras muhimmanci darajar da capacitance iya kai ga saki na cibiyar sadarwa harmonics, da kuma zafi fiye da kima daga cikin na'urar.

bayyanar capacitors

capacitor zane iya zama sosai bambancin. Ya dogara da wutar lantarki damar na'urar da ta nufi. A dauke na'urar sigogi kamata ba za a rinjayi waje dalilai, don haka lantarki da siffar a cikin abin da lantarki filin generated da lantarki zargin da aka mayar da hankali a kananan rata tsakanin capacitor conductors. Saboda haka, za su iya kunshi biyu concentric duniyoyin na biyu lebur faranti ko biyu coaxial cylinders. Saboda haka, da capacitors iya zama cylindrical, mai siffar zobe da lebur dangane da siffar da conductors.

m capacitors

By da yanayin canje-canje elektroomkosti capacitors kasu kashi na'urorin tare da m ko m capacitance trimmers. Bari mu bincika a cikin daki-daki, kowane daga cikin wadannan iri. Na'urorin wanda damar bai sauya ba a lokacin aiki, wato, shi ne akai (capacitance darajar iya har yanzu bambanta a cikin iyaka dangane da yawan zafin jiki), - akai capacitors. Akwai ma lantarki kayan, ya canza ta lantarki damar a cikin tsari, an kira canji.

Abin da kayyade capacitor C

Banana capacitance dogara da surface yankin na ta shugaba da kuma nisa tsakanin su. Akwai hanyoyi da dama don canja wadannan saituna. La'akari da wani capacitor, wanda ya kunshi iri biyu faranti: mobile kuma gyarawa. A m farantin motsa dangi zuwa ga ajali, sa'an nan canza lantarki capacitance na capacitor. Canji analogues aka yi amfani ga analog na'urorin saituna. Bugu da ƙari, da damar da za a iya canza a lokacin aiki. Trimmer capacitors an mafi yawa amfani da factory saitin na'ura, misali domin daukana iya aiki tare da rashin iyawa don empirically lissafi.

A capacitor a kewaye

An fito da na'urar a cikin DC kewaye gudanar halin yanzu kawai a lokacin da ta hada a cikin cibiyar sadarwa (haka akwai wani cajin ko recharge na'urar Madogararsa ƙarfin lantarki). Da zarar capacitor An yi cikakken cajin, yanzu ta hanyar da shi ba. Lokacin da na'urar ne a kewaye da alternating halin yanzu matakai caji da dakatar da ta madadin tare da juna. A lokacin da canzawar ne da oscillation lokaci na amfani sinusoidal ƙarfin lantarki.

halaye na capacitors

A capacitor bisa ga jihar na electrolyte da abu na wanda aka hada, na iya zama bushe, ruwa, oxide semiconductor, karfe oxide. Liquid-sanyaya condensers da kyau, wadannan na'urori za su iya aiki a karkashin high lodi da samun irin wannan muhimmanci dukiya a matsayin kai-da waraka a cikin rashin lafiya na dielectric. A shawara na lantarki na'urorin, bushe irin m sauki zane, dan kadan karami ƙarfin lantarki drop da yayyo halin yanzu. A lokacin da shi ba shi da bushe na'urorin su ne mafi mashahuri. Babban amfani da electrolytic capacitors ne low cost, m size da kuma manyan lantarki iya aiki. A oxide equivalents - iyakacin duniya (ba daidai ba dangane take kaiwa zuwa wani rashin lafiya).

How to connect

Haxawa da capacitor a kewaye da akai yanzu shi ne kamar haka: m (anode) yanzu tushen haɗa ta lantarki wanda aka rufe da wani oxide fim. A cikin hali na ba-sharadi na dielectric fashewa iya faruwa. Yana da wannan dalilin ruwa capacitors dole a haɗa a jerin tare da wani AC ikon source, suna da alaka a jerin biyu m sassan. Ko don sa da oxide Layer a kan duka biyu da wayoyin. Saboda haka, a ba iyakacin duniya nema aiki a cibiyoyin sadarwa da duka biyu m da wani sinusoidal halin yanzu. Amma a cewa, da a wasu lokuta, sakamakon damar zama rabin. Unipolar lantarki capacitors da babba size, amma za a iya shigar dasu a kewaye da wani alternating halin yanzu.

Babban aikace-aikace na capacitors

The kalmar "capacitor" za a iya ji daga ma'aikata a daban-daban da masana'antu da kamfanonin da kuma zane cibiyoyi na bayar. Bayan aikata da manufa na aiki, halaye da kuma ta jiki tafiyar matakai, gano dalilin da ya sa muke bukatar capacitors, misali, a cikin makamashi samar da tsarin? Wadannan baturi tsarin da ake amfani da ko'ina a cikin shiri da kuma sake gina masana'antu da tsire-tsire domin ikon factor gyara PFC (cibiyar sadarwa da maras so sallama na ta gudana) cewa zai iya rage makamashi ta halin kaka, ajiye a cabling kayayyakin da kuma isar da wutar lantarki ga mabukaci da mafi ingancin. A ganiya zabi na ikon kafofin da kuma Hanyar sadarwa batu na amsawa ikon (Q) a cikin cibiyoyin sadarwa na wutar lantarki da tsarin (EPS) yana da wani gagarumin tasiri a kan tattalin arziki da fasaha yi Manuniya EPS aiki. Akwai iri biyu PFC: mai gangara kuma a tsaye. Lokacin da mai gangara diyya capacitor banki da alaka a layi daya a wata substation bas da ake kira da shunt kaya (SHBK). Lokacin tsaye diyya baturi hada da ikon Lines da crosscuts kira CCP (jerin diyya na'urar). Batura an yi sama da raba na'urorin da za a iya alaka a hanyoyi daban-daban: capacitors serial ko layi daya connection. Lokacin da yawan jerin-da alaka da na'urorin ƙara tashin hankali. CCP ma amfani da su tsara a layi da kasoshin lokatan lodi, inganta yawan aiki da kuma yadda ya dace da kuma tama-thermal baka Tanderu (a lokacin da jam'iyyar kwaminis ta Sin ta musamman gidajen wuta).

A daidai haihuwarka na ikon Lines da voltages fi 110 KV capacitance zuwa ƙasa yana denoted kamar yadda capacitors. EP line saboda lantarki damar tsakanin conductors na daban-daban bulan da capacitance kafa ta zamani shugaba da kuma ƙasa. Saboda haka, yin lissafi da cibiyar sadarwa halaye na aiki, baza line sigogi, Laifi wuri mains capacitor Properties amfani.

Wani daga cikin yankunan da aikace-aikace

Har ila yau, wa'adi za a iya ji daga Railways ma'aikata. Me capacitors su? A lantarki locomotives da kuma bayanan na'urorin da ake amfani da su rage lantarki arcing lamba sets, smoothing da pulsating DC fitarwa daga rectifiers da kuma bugun jini choppers, kuma don samar da zamani na wani fasali sinusoidal ƙarfin lantarki amfani da iko da wutar lantarki Motors.

Duk da haka, wannan kalma ne sau da yawa ta yiwu su ji daga bakin mai son rediyo. Me capacitors shi? A rediyo na yin amfani da su sa high mita electromagnetic taguwar ruwa, sun bangare ne na smoothing tace, ikon kayayyaki, amplifiers, kuma PCB.

A safar hannu sashe na kowane mota goyon baya iya samun kamar wata wadannan kayan. Me ya sa muke bukatar da capacitors a cikin mota? Akwai suna amfani da wani aga na'ura Ft Irfan tsarin for high quality-sauti haifuwa.