Mene ne gantali raga, shiga wani hali-net kama kifi

Driftnet kama kifi - wannan shi ne kama kifi, wanda yana da za'ayi drifters - kama kifi tasoshin. A jirgin da aka rugujewa, a kan igiyoyin da iskõki, tare da wata sosai tsawon sarkar, da ake kira gantali-net Domin, ko iyo networks, yin guda tsarin. Networks iya zama har zuwa 50 km. Wadannan cibiyoyin sadarwar da aka motsi zuwa kama kifi. Da bukatar yin gantali raga ta taso dangane da wajibcin samar da wasu iri kifi cewa ana sa sparsely. A wannan hanya, suka ɗauke tuna kama kifi, cirewa kifi, mackerel da herring.

cibiyar sadarwa Features

Gantali (ko gudãna) na cibiyar sadarwa wakiltar netting cewa kifi ba gaisuwa kamar yadda wani shãmaki, don haka raga jan karfi, tam sarƙafewa a cikinta ba tare da yiwuwar mafaka. Rectangular raba networks 10-12 m tsawo da kuma mita 30 a tsawon ciri cikin guda domin na gantali, wanda zai iya zama mai tushen ga igiya-shugaban da buoys da floats goyi bayan tsarin a iyakancen zurfin. Yi amfani da driftnets ga masana'antu samar daga kifi drifters.

kayayyakin amfani

Catchability kaya dogara a kan al'amurra da dama, ciki har da abu da kuma kauri daga cikin yarn, cell size, launi, da saukowa a kan yanar gizo Rebounds. Idan ka a baya amfani da kayan lambu yarns, ciki har da auduga, daga Twisted yarn, amma yanzu da aka fi amfani ne mafi m da catchability kama kifi raga nailan da nailan, amilanovye da kamar mutum-sanya zaruruwa.

Nuna high dace na monofilament kama kifi da raga (kama kifi line), da ake kira Zhilkova. Babban amfani da kaya data ne su nuna gaskiya. Ko da a cikin hasken rana kamawa yadda ya dace sosai high a bayyana ruwa, yayin da kyau-fentin cibiyar sadarwa na sauran kayan iya tsorata kashe kifi. Bugu da kari, suna da wata babbar rigidity fiye da na juya yarns cewa tana goyon bayan raga mike, ba da damar da sadarwa don samun rude da kuma zama gurbata. Ko da yake rigidity bit wuya yin aiki tare da su, kuma Yanã ƙãra, bukata fiye da sarari a kan bene.

Tsarin iri networks

A cewar ta tsarin domin kamawa da na'urorin iya zama guda-hananna gill, biyu-garu ko trójścienna. A karshe iri biyu suna kira "thread sharar gida." Shi ne mafi tasiri kama kifi trójścienna cibiyar sadarwa kunshi uku zane-zane netting. Waje located krupnoyacheynye masana'anta kira rezhyu (ryazhyu, rezhoy), da kuma a tsakiyar shi ne karami chastik (del). All uku webs aka dasa a kan daya Rebounds, amma chastik yana da mafi tsawon da aka located tsakanin m yadudduka da babba slack. Wucewa ta hanyar rezhu, kifi sarƙafewa a ciki, Chastikov shigar da netting jakar. Biyu-hananna kunshi biyu a ajiye waje ɗaya tare da sel daban-daban masu girma dabam da kuma masu tasiri a cikin akwati a lokacin da shi da aka sani da gefen ne kifi.

Domin yin gantali-net kama kifi ne mafi sau da yawa amfani kama kifi da raga nailan monofilament ko nailan monofilament. Rebounds ma dauka nailan. A mafi inganci trójścienna m cibiyar sadarwa.

Nau'in na yi umarni shiga wani hali na

Networks za a iya alaka da juna a hanyoyi daban-daban. Akwai uku main iri: sauki, tare da babba ko ƙaramin shugaban. A jihar bakin teku tsiri za a iya amfani da sauki kananan umarni, amma a matsafai na kan tekuna na bukatar wani karin robust zane, don haka domin tare da shugabannin amfani da su tabbatar da mutunci da AMINCI na oda.

sauki hanya

Ga wani karamin gantali na oda a sau kawai connect da dama raba networks a jerin tsakanin ƙananan kuma babba priuhami. Saboda haka samun wani sauki domin na gantali. Ana amfani da tabkuna da kuma ga ~ ar teku, kananan sana'a. Mafi sau da yawa, shi ya hada kawai 15-20 networks, amma a lokacin da shan mafi, a matsayin dukan kada ku ƙẽtare 1-1.5 km.

A snoods alama buoys a haɗe zuwa domin kuma ci gaba da ninkaya. Da ake so matakin da aka kafa ta daidaitawa da tsawon na streamer. Kasa cibiyar sadarwa wa mutum, sa da kaya a cikin ƙananan selection. A garesu na oda da kuma ottugi. Su ƙarshen gaban da aka kulla tare da wani kulle - igiya, wadda ke kai tsaye zuwa cikin jirgi, kuma baya ottugi podmayachnym haɗa zuwa karshen - wata igiya gyarawa da hasumiya mai fitila. Wannan Shiriya (ko da wani abin wuya fitilar, saka a kan wani alama da wani worsening) ya nuna inda hanya ƙare.

Don shirya irin wannan tsari ne mai sauki, amma ga dogon networks, da kuma musamman don amfani a matsafai na kan tekuna, shi ne ba su dace. Tashin hankali networks a lokacin gantali ne sosai high, don haka irin wannan tsari domin zai iya cire daga jirgin ruwa ko shi za a halaka su.

nada shugaban

Don rage hadarin breakage, amfani da abin da ake kira shugaban - m igiya, wanda aka haɗe da hanya ga duk kan. Kiwon kifi ya shafi pooling tare don 100-150 networks. Tashin hankali tare da yin gantali lissafta ga wani m shugaban, ba networks kansu. The mutum cibiyar sadarwa a haɗe ba kawai ga juna amma kuma ga shugaban, wanda kuma kara habaka da zane.

The shugaban kansa za a iya raba sassa uku: shugaba, tasha (parking) karshen for dangane da jirgin ruwa da kuma podmayachny karshen for kullawa da hasumiya mai fitila. Sai dai itace cewa shi ne shugaban, wanda ke rike da cibiyar sadarwa ne a haɗe zuwa jirgin ruwa. Sa karshen ne mafi m. Its tsawon na iya zama har zuwa 200-500 mita, wanda ya dogara ba kawai a kan zurfin to wanda ya qara domin amma kuma jihar da teku, da kuma iska mai ƙarfi.

Lokacin da samfurin da aka yi ga networks tunkuɗa su da shugaba. Wannan ya sa ya yiwu mechanize da samar da tsari. Bayan amfani da inji, shugaban iko da tashin hankali-ya ɗauke shi zuwa rage wuce kima tashin hankali idan ya cancanta.

Features shugaban

Dangane da dabara na kama kifi da kuma irin jirgin ruwa kafa da ake so tsawon na streamer Lines don yin shi dace don zabi shiga wani hali raga: da shugaban da aka zaba ta hanyar malgoger, da kuma cibiyar sadarwa kamata isa da sanya wuri a kan jirgin, snoods kawai da samar da zama dole nesa. A karami tasoshin shi ne kawai 1.5-2 mita, kuma zai iya kai 10 m.

Saboda gaskiya cewa tashin hankali na shugaban a matsayin nesa daga hasumiya mai fitila ga jirgin ruwa da aka rage, shugaba sau da yawa sa a kumshin, rage kauri daga cikin igiya. Bugu da kari, shi rage kudin da oda da kuma rage nauyin da oda. Amma wannan ba ya sag bayyana zuwa karshen na cibiyar sadarwa saboda ƙananan tashin hankali, wani lokacin da hasumiya mai fitila ƙara wani drogue ko gyaggyara nesa tsakanin buoys.

The domin na ƙananan shugaban

Domin kungiyar na oda tare da wasu gantali raga kasa shugaban shiga cikin guda naúra da kuma ga manya da ƙananan priuhi, amma a karkashin networks a ko'ina cikin tsari ne shugaban. Yana an haɗa zuwa networks via snoods vozhakovymi bystrorazvyazyvaemyh nodes. Ninkaya domin ci gaba da buoys cewa streamer Lines suna haɗe da gidajen abinci na networks ko zuwa saman selection. Daga cikin tsawon na streamer line dogara networks nutsewa zurfi. Ƙarin nauyi a kasa, ba a bukatar, kamar yadda load kanta da hidima a matsayin shugaban, mikewa cibiyar sadarwa.

Aiwatar da wannan hanya don m zurfin, nitsewa a cibiyar sadarwa na 30-40 m. Yana da sauki aiki. Domin vymetki da samfurin domin samun aiki kawai da vozhakovymi reshe Lines, babu matsala tare da kaya masu nauyi.

A hanya tare da saman shugaban

Idan dole kama kifi a babban zurfin akai-akai amfani domin da saman shugaban. A wannan yanayin, shi wuce a kan hanyar sadarwa. Snoods alama ne a haɗe da shi, wani lokacin kai tsawon fiye da wata da ɗari mita. An haɗa tsakanin buoys da igiya-shiryarwa a gare Samfur saukaka. Vozhakovye streamer Lines an haɗa ka da saman zabin ko priuhami networks. A kasa igiya wajibi ne don ƙara loading a cikin nau'i na Cast baƙin ƙarfe kaya masu nauyi.

Aiki tare da karin hadaddun hanya fiye da yin amfani da kasa da shugaban, tun da shi ne zama dole don tsara downloads, da kuma ƙarin hankali yana bukatar alama shugaba. Duk da haka, irin wannan gantali-net kama kifi - shi ne mai larura a lokacin da kama kifi a babban zurfin. A wannan yanayin, da ƙananan shugaban yiwu koda lokacin da samfurin ko rauni tashin hankali na cibiyar sadarwa, duk da haka ba m. Bugu da kari ga abũbuwan amfãni saman shugaban za a iya kara a matsayin damping jerks daga buoys, don haka da cibiyar sadarwa zai zama mafi m. A downside ne hadarin rabuwa da displacer a cikin babban taguwar ruwa.

A gaskiya ma, wani lokacin amfani midwater don ƙayyade inda shi ne da daya ko wasu kifi. Domin wannan sau da yawa haifar da kumshin iri umarni.

Harm daga yin amfani da driftnets

A wasu wuraren, kasuwanci kama kifi ta amfani da gantali raga da aka haramta. Saboda haka, kada amfani da shi a Arewa Pacific, don kula da hannun jari na wasu nau'in kifi. A manyan sikelin-gantali-net kama kifi da aka haramta ta babban taron MDD a bude ruwan tekuna. Research kama kifi da aka yarda da irin wannan networks, amma wannan damar ne sau da yawa azaba. Duk da yake babu wani cikakken ban gantali-net kama kifi ba, amma an riga an kafa wani guntu lokaci, da kuma wasu hani a kan irin wannan kifi.

A gantali-raga sukan kama marine dabbobi masu shayarwa da kuma teku tsuntsaye, wadda sa'an nan suka mutu. Lambobi ne tsoratarwa. Saboda haka, kawai a cikin Far East a Rasha tattalin arziki zone saboda shi ya kashe fiye da dubu 100. Birds da kuma 2.5 dubu. Dabbobi masu shayarwa a kowace shekara. Kuma salmonid alƙarya da kansu suke rage.

Wani barazana ne da hali daga masunta ne. Saboda haka sau da yawa mined sockeye - mafi muhimmanci da na kifi, da kuma sauran kifaye, ciki har da na yara sockeye kifi, da sauran jinsunan kifi, ruwan hoda kifi da kuma chum kifi kawai jefa overboard. Irin wannan resorting kango a kan? Arya babbar dama kifi, wanda shi ne wani take hakkin na kama kifi da dokokinta.