Menene sunspots? Abin da aka sani a game da kimiyya na rãnã spots

A halin yanzu sunspots ne ba kamar yadda m sabon abu, a matsayin, misali, a tsakiyar na karshe karni. Kowane mazauni na wannan duniya tamu, a cikin shakka daga abin da kananan duhun da suke da wuya a ga ba tare da musamman kayan aikin ne babban tushen zafi da haske. Amma ba duk san da cewa sun kai ga hasken rana flares, wanda za a iya ƙwarai shafi Duniya ta Magnetic filin.

definition

A sauki sharuddan, da sunspots - duhu yankunan da aka kafa a kan surface na rana. Yana da wani kuskure to yi imani da cewa ba su emit haske, amma idan aka kwatanta da sauran photosphere suke gaske ne sosai duhu. Su main halayyar da aka saukar da zazzabi. Saboda haka, hasken rana sunspots colder kamar 1500 Kelvins fiye da sauran kewaye. A gaskiya ma, sun wakilci sosai yankin, ta hanyar da Magnetic filayen suna located a farfajiya. Saboda wannan sabon abu ba za mu iya magana da irin wannan tsari, kamar yadda Magnetic aiki. Haka kuma, idan da tabo ne kananan, to, shi ne ake kira m zamani, da kuma lokacin da da yawa daga gare su, to, wannan lokaci za a kira a matsayin aiki. A lokacin da na karshe haske na rana kadan haske saboda jiniyoyi da plage, located a kusa da duhu yankunan.

binciken

A kallo na sunspots aka gudanar na dogon lokaci, shi yana da nasa tushen da baya a BC zamanin. Saboda haka, Theophrastus Aquinas more a IV karni BC. e. a cikin ayyukansu ya ambata su zama. A farko zane na duhun kan surface na farko star aka gano a cikin 1128, shi nasa John Worcester. Bugu da kari, a cikin d ¯ ayyukan XIV karni ambaci baki hasken rana blotches. Science ne hanzari fara tafiyar da su da karatu a cikin 1600s. Mai malaman wannan zamani, da bin da version cewa sunspots - aka motsi a kusa da Sun, duniya ta axis. Amma wannan labari da aka dispelled bayan da sabuwar dabara na nesa kusa da Galileo. Ya farko gano cewa da aibobi ne rabuwa daga cikin sosai da hasken rana tsarin. Wannan taron ya ba Yunƙurin zuwa wani m kalaman na bincike da kuma kallo, wanda ba ya daina tun. A halin yanzu nazari aka karin in da ikon yinsa. A lokacin da shekaru 400 na ci gaba a wannan yanki ya zama m, kuma yanzu Belgium ta Royal Observatory ke tsunduma a kirgawa yawan sunspots, amma da watsuwar duk fuskoki dabam-dabam na wannan cosmic sabon abu ne har yanzu gudana.

bayyanar

A makaranta yara koyi game da wanzuwar Magnetic filin, amma shi ne yawanci aka ambata kawai poloidal bangaren. Amma ka'idar sunspots ma ya shafi nazarin wani toroidal kashi, ba shakka, muna magana ne game da halin maganaɗisu filin na rana. The Earth ba shi yiwuwa a lissafta, tun da shi ba ya bayyana a kan surface. Wani halin da ake ciki ne na sama jiki. Lokacin da wasu yanayi ne tare Magnetic tube baba fita ta cikin photosphere. Kamar yadda ka gane, a saki sakamakon a gaskiyar cewa a farfajiya na sunspots suna kafa. Wannan na faruwa mafi sau da yawa a cikin manyan yawa, wanda shi ya sa ya fi na kowa kungiyar cunkoso aibobi.

Properties

The talakawan zafin jiki na Sun kai 6000 K, yayin da spots, shi ne game da 4000 K. Duk da haka, wannan ba ya hana su, su ci gaba da yin wani karfi adadin haske. Sunspots da kuma aiki yankunan, watau kungiyar na spots, da daban-daban sharuddan na zama. A farko live on kamar wata kwana zuwa makonni da dama. Amma baya ne yafi Hardy, kuma zai iya zama a cikin photosphere for watanni. Amma tsarin da kowane mutum da tabo, ga alama wuya. A tsakiyar ɓangare ne da ake kira inuwa wanda ya dubi monotonous. Bi da bi, shi ne kewaye da wani penumbra, shi ne sananne ga ta canzawa. A sakamakon lamba tare da sanyi jini a cikinta, kuma a halin maganaɗisu abu m vibrations. Girma na sunspots, kazalika da lambar a cikin kungiyoyin na iya zama quite bambance bambancen.

hawan keke da hasken rana aiki

Kowa ya sani cewa matakin na hasken rana aiki ne kullum canja. Wannan halin da ake ciki ya kai ga zargin manufar shekaru 11 da sake zagayowar. Sunspots, su bayyanar da yawan da aka sosai da nasaba, wannan sabon abu. Duk da haka, da batun da ya rage rigima, tun daya sake zagayowar iya bambanta daga 9 zuwa 14 shekaru, kazalika da matakin na aiki kullum canza daga karni zuwa karni. Kamar haka, akwai iya zama lokaci na wani kwantar da hankula, a lokacin da fiye da shekara guda spots ne kusan ba ya nan. Amma kuma zai iya zama kishiyar lokacin da lambar da aka dauke su mahaukaci. Kafin a fara kidaya sake zagayowar ya fara da mafi ƙarancin na hasken rana aiki. Amma tare da zuwan inganta fasahar ga lissafi ne da za'ayi daga lokacin da polarity canza aibobi. Data a kan da hasken rana ayyuka suna samuwa ga binciken, amma suna da kamar wuya ya zama mafi m mataimakin hango ko hasashen nan gaba, saboda yanayin da rana ne sosai unpredictable.

Tasiri a kan duniya

Shi ne ba wani asirin da cewa Magnetic mamaki a kan Sun hankali hulɗa tare da rayuwar yau da kullum. Duniya ne kullum ana kai hari da daban-daban samuwar kasashe daga waje. Su yankunan da tasiri cikin duniyar tamu ta kare a magnetosphere kuma yanayi. Amma, abin takaici, ba su iya yi adawa da shi gaba daya. Saboda haka, da gazawar za a iya samu da tauraron dan adam, karye rediyo, da kuma 'yan saman jannati ne batun ƙãra hadarin. Bugu da kari, da radiation sakamako a kan sauyin yanayi, da ko da wani mutum ta bayyanar. Akwai irin wannan abu a matsayin rana spots a jiki, bayyana a karkashin riskar hasken ultraviolet.

Wannan tambaya ba a yi karatu mayalwaci, kazalika da tasiri na sunspots a kullum rayuwar mutane. Wani sabon abu da ya dogara da Magnetic disturbances, za a iya kira da Aurora borealis. Magnetic hadari sun zama daya daga cikin mafi yawan sanannun effects na hasken rana aiki. Su wakiltar wani waje a kusa da filin Duniya, wanda shi ne a layi daya ga m. Modern masana kimiyya sun ma ya karu mace-mace hade, kazalika da exacerbation na cututtuka na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin tare da zuwan Magnetic filin kanta. Kuma daga cikin mutane ne ko a hankali ya fara juya cikin camfi.