Mi-8: halaye, fama manufa, bala'i da kuma hoto mai saukar ungulu

A kasar mu, mu ba asali a haɗe da yawa muhimmancin a cikin halittar jirage masu saukar ungulu. Tare da abin da shi ne dalilin da, a yau yana da wuya a gane, amma gaskiyar da ya rage cewa Red Army da farko samu kawai jiragen sama, bari shi kadai da na kasa tattalin arzikin da ba zai iya magana.

Kuma wannan duk da cewa cikin dogon lokacin da bunkasuwa a wannan yanki da muke yi, saboda haka abin da! Abin farin, nan da nan matasa jagorancin kasar ta gane da shirme kawai na irin dabarun, amma saboda masana'antu fara samar da batun na jirage masu saukar ungulu.

A farko daga cikin wadannan shi ne Mi-1, wanda shi ne batun fara kawai a 1948. Tun daga nan kuma sai ƙarshen saki da Mi-4 jirage masu saukar ungulu duk a cikin kasar an sanye take da wani Rotary-fistan engine. A wancan zamani, ok, amma da bukatar da na'ura tare da mafi kyau yi na da ikon shuka ta bayyana sosai da sauri.

A sabon helikofta

Saboda haka ta 1960, da masana'antu da kuma mafi muhimmanci helikofta gini CB kasa ba da aiki. Its sakamako ya ci gaba da Mi-8, wanda ya zama gaskiya labari masana'antu, ci gaba da za a rayayye amfani a cikin kasa tattalin arziki da kuma sojojin a duniya.

Tarihi na halitta

Da farko an zaci cewa jirgin za a samar a cikin kai, fasinja da kuma kasuwanci bambance-bambancen karatu. Development fara a farkon watanni na 1960. Kamar yadda za ka iya tsammani, shi ya ɗauki up CDB Mil. Dalili aka dauka da tabbatar Mi-4. A gaskiya ma, cikin sabon Mi-8 da aka asali shirya matsayin aikin a kan ta zurfin zamani.

Duk da haka, da jimawa da zanen kaya sun gane bukatar gabatar da wani sabon nau'in engine a cikin mota, amma saboda gada a cikin wannan shiri akwai ba haka ba mutane da yawa.

A aikin da aka yi da kara tempo. Tuni a cikin tsakiyar 1961 farko samfur tare da hudu ruwan wukake da kuma guda engine ya tashi a cikin iska. A samfur da biyar ruwan wukake da kuma biyu ikon raka'a tashi a shekara daga baya. A karshen wannan shekarar 1962 na farko samfur da aka halitta.

Hukumar na da halaye na gaba na Mi-8 sosai, amma saboda kawai kamar wata shekara, sabon jirage masu saukar ungulu sun riga sun shiga samarwa. Tun shekarar 1965, tsarin samar a Kazan kuma Ulan-Ude.

MI-8: Features

Da wanda ya riga sabon inji shi ne 2.5 sau da fifiko a iya aiki. Matsakaicin yiwu gudun da ya kusan sau biyu a matsayin high.

Transmission an fi mayar watsi ba tare da wani gagarumin canje-canje. Tuki a saukar ungulu - single-na'ura mai juyi, amma bayar da wutsiya na'ura mai juyi. A zane yana amfani da biyu gas-injin turbin engine, da shasi ginu ne a kan uku ƙafafun. Kullum, da Mi-8 ga ajalinsa, ya fi mayar da m model.

Hakika, ga wasu sigogi koda halin kaka da Amurka "Sikorsky", amma shi ya fi arha, yayin da ya idar da mafi girma iya aiki da kuma aminci.

Ba kamar da baya model, da ruwa tsarin da aka baje bita. Akwai wani m spar, gaba ɗaya sanya daga high-ƙarfi aluminum gami. A tsarin da zama a matsayin mai lafiya kamar yadda zai yiwu, da ruwan wukake suna sanye take da wani musamman pneumatic alama tsarin da cewa ba ka damar nan take gane inji lalacewar da spar.

Me cikin jirgin ya zama haka prevalent a duniya?

Haka ya faru saboda unpretentiousness kuma AMINCI na na'ura. Ba wai kawai a cikin kasar ta girmamawa styled "workhorse." A wannan duniya - ya fi na kowa kai helikofta (!). A} asashen waje da shi da aka sani a matsayin Mi-17, da dama wanda aka yi amfani a matsayin soja masu saukar ungulu (photo ne a cikin labarin), da NATO contingent a Afghanistan. A dangane da sauƙi na piloting, shi ne ba da ake bukata domin ciyar mai yawa lokacin shirya matukan jirgi.

A cikin duniya babu wani mafi girma yakin kai jirage masu saukar ungulu, wanda za a bayar a wannan girma: har ma ga wanda aka rabu amfani data daga na'ura mai sauka fiye da dubu 12 na wadannan inji. Kuma cewa - ba tare da wasu gyare-gyare.

Af, yawan irin wannan jirgin ne a fili a duniya shugaba. A lokacin, ko da masana ba zai iya ce ba daidai da yadda da yawa gyare-gyare da aka halitta. A definition wannan adadi ne ƙwarai wuya da cewa wasu kyautata kusan misali da aka gabatar kai tsaye a soja raka'a, amma patents for suka kasance sunã ƙirƙirãwa ba su samu, kuma haka a cikin masana'antu samar, da suka yi ba samu.

Control tsarin da Motors

A duka kula da tsarin wannan lokaci da aka bisa ga high quality da kuma iko na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa actuator. Bugu da kari, Mi-8 da aka farko amfani da sabuwar tsarin icing gargadi, wanda a yarda da yin amfani da jirgi mai saukar ungulu a da dama da saitunan. Bugu da kari, musamman inji aka bayar ga m load, kyale ka don motsawa ta cikin iska ƙarin uku tons.

Idan daya engine a lokacin jirgin kasa, na biyu daya a daidai lokacin fara aiki a tilasta yanayin, samar da isasshen ikon for akalla QDialogButtonBox jirgin. Don da matukan jirgin sun fi dadi da aiki a wuya yanayi, da na'ura sanye take da wani ci-gaba autopilot cewa zai iya daukar fiye da wani babban ɓangare na mutum ayyuka.

Tare da latest a lokacin kewayawa da radar kida, tashi jirgi mai saukar ungulu na iya zama a kowane lokaci na rana da kuma shekarar. Wannan yanayin da sauri ya yaba da soja. Haka kuma, daya daga cikin alamu na rundunar sojin kasa da sauri ya zama kawai da Mi-8 helikofta tabbatar da zama musamman abin dogara da kuma m, sabili da haka nan take aka soma.

A wasu embodiments, da amfani?

Kamar yadda muka ce, wannan model aka asali halitta a karkashin sufuri da kuma fasinja (up to 28 mutane) yana bukatar. Bugu da kari, Kazan kuma nuna musamman umarni ga alatu abubuwa bakwai mutane, waxanda suke da matukar mashahuri a cikin kasar manyan jami'an da kuma m kasuwa.

Soja gyara da kuma kara ci gaba da

Mun kuma aka ambata a cikin labarin cewa soja sosai na son wannan Mi-8. Its engine ya kasance musamman m idan akwai gazawar da daya ikon naúrar kawo mota zai iya zama a kan daya, da kuma iya aiki ne quite ban sha'awa.

Kuma saboda jimawa akwai wani taro gyare-gyare na wannan helikofta, musamman tsara don soja amfani. Mafi sau da yawa kawai ya dauki da kai wani zaɓi, wanda in ji wa pylons don hawa da bama-bamai ko tankuna da Molotov cocktails. Shi nan da nan ya juya daga cewa ko da ga sojojin na riba bai isa ba, amma saboda akwai wani gyara na 8TV, sanye take da karfafa da inganta dakatar. An kara da yiwuwar attaching makami mai linzami.

Kai da kuma jirage masu saukar ungulu fama

Gyara 8Mt zama ma'ana da karshe a kan hanyar zuwa halittar wani sabon iyali na soja kai motocin. Babban alama ya shigarwa na sabon ikon shuke-shuke TVZ-117 MT, sanye take da latest gas injin turbin AI-9V. The saukar ungulu ya zama fiye da abin dogara, kamar yadda iska intakes rufe sabon allo, wanda shi ne mafi alhẽri tace iska kawota ga engine.

Don Mi-8 helikofta hotuna wanda aka gabatar a cikin labarin, ba sauƙi kawo saukar da zafi-neman makamai masu linzami, sun ɓullo da wani tsarin da watsawa na zafi shaye gas daga injuna. Bugu da kari, akwai sunadaran ga ejection na decoys. A lokacin daga shekarar 1979 zuwa shekarar 1989, mai saukar ungulu da daraja ya tafi duk da rikici a Afghanistan.

Fama da m kwarewa da

Domin lokaci har da contingent na Soviet sojojin a kasar, daruruwan dubbai na matukan jirgi ya tashi sorties. Sun hawa miliyoyin ton na kaya, dubban sojoji da aka kwashe daga karkashin hanci dushmans. A lokacin da duk wannan lokaci, lokuta da gazawar da na'ura za a iya kidaya a kan yatsunsu.

Ba kamar ta "Big Brother" na Mi-24, "takwas" ne da farko bã tãre da tsanani reservations, amma saboda ta ko da yaushe yana da wani jirgin gogayya ko da a cikin mafi rarefied dutsen iska.

A cikin duka da Chechnya rikici soja masu saukar ungulu na da irin wannan ma ya nuna mafi kyau gefe. Abin dogara da kuma sosai unpretentious, sun taimaka ba kawai ta hanyar da dakarun, amma kuma ma'aikatar gaggawa yanayi da kuma "Red Cross", wanda ya yi aiki tare da farar hula, yawan, samar da shi tare da magunguna da kuma abinci.

hatsarori

Abin baƙin ciki, har ma da mafi AMINCI da sauki zane ba su da ceto MI soja masu saukar ungulu, kazalika da fararen hula versions na faduwa.

Bari mu fara da gaskiyar cewa a lokacin da biyu da Afghanistan da kuma Chechnya rikici da aka rasa game 50-60 motoci. A asarar Afghanistan, daga gare su, yafi maras fama, sau da yawa alaka da dakarun na soja hadahada. An yi imani da cewa idan aka ba su rasa fiye da goma raka'a wannan dabara. Madaidaici data a kan asarar da a cikin ta farko Chechnya yaƙin neman zaɓe ba. A karo na biyu harbi saukar 29 jirage masu saukar ungulu na da irin wannan.

A farko lokacin da zaman lafiya da ba kawo zaman lafiya. A sakamakon fasaha gazawar, low quality-man fetur da kuma sa sunadaran a bayan shekaru 90 da ya auku ko kuma babu (a Siberia), fiye da 174 da inji.

Ga takamaiman bayanai ga 2012-2013 shekaru. Saboda haka, ranar 14 ga Yuli, 2013 da matukan jirgin da helikofta a cikin iska ji cewa duka injuna fara m aiki. An yanke shawarar saka da mota dama a kan daji. Duk da haka, da helikofta fadi a kan ta gefe, amma in ba haka ba da gaggawa saukowa aka za'ayi daidai. Babu daya da aka kashe, rauni da ya ba. Yuli 11 cikin wannan shekarar, akwai wani abu irin wannan a cikin Amur yankin. Sa'an nan kuma muka gudanar ya yi ba tare da ya shafa.

Abin baƙin ciki, Yuli 2 a Yakutia a sakamakon faduwar motar kashe 24 mutane, fiye da rabin - suna yara. Suka tsira kawai matukan jirgin biyu da kuma wani fasinja daya. 6 May kuma 6 Yuni na wannan shekara, aka rubuta bala'i na wadannan jirage masu saukar ungulu a cikin Khabarovsk Abuja. Tsira kuma ya ba.

A shekarar 2012, wadannan jirage masu saukar ungulu da aka fadowa sau bakwai, amma kawai mutum daya ya mutu.

Hakika, wannan adadi ne kawai ga kasar mu. Ta yaya da yawa karya guda Mi-17 a Afghanistan shi yiwuwa a ce, saboda gida gwamnati ne da wuya wani cikakken statistics. A wannan za a iya ce game da batutuwa a nahiyar Afrika.