Michurinsky lambu - na musamman da gandun daji na 'ya'yan shuke-shuke

Kowane mutum wanda aka tsanani tsunduma a cikin na'urar da suka gida yanki na ƙasar, tunanin nasu lambu. A m da yanayi nan da nan kiwata tambaya na sayan high quality-seedlings a m farashin, wanda suna da kyau saba a wannan sauyin yanayi zone. Search fara, da kuma jin kwanda: saya iri a cikin gandun daji ko daga dillalai a cikin kãsuwanni!

Fi dacewa, ka fi kyau ya buy shuke-shuke kai tsaye daga manufacturer da kuma a cikin wannan yanayin zone, inda su ne nan da za a girma. Domin Muscovites da kuma mazauna wuraren kiwo nata, bãbu musamman wahala a gano wurare domin zabin da kuma sayan matasa 'ya'yan shuke-shuke. Tsohon kuma da-kafa kamfanin ne Michurinsky lambu a kan Upper titi, mallaka 5A.

Tarihi na halitta

A ra'ayin na bincike kungiyar fili wuri domin ornamental, 'ya'yan itace da Berry amfanin gona da suka fito suka cancanta kimiyya adadi, farfesa Peter Genrikhovich Shittu.

Shi da m Majibinci, da dan takarar noma kimiyyar Boris Nikiforovich Anzin, a kan tushen da Timiryazev Academy ya iya sa da lambu na tara ekoki na qasa m kaka na shekara ta 1939. Burinsu aka nufin:

• Bookmark tarin plantations.
• Organization of aikin horo na dalibi manual.
• Da wadata da rare da kuma sabuwar iri.

A lambu da aka bai wa sunan girmama na masanin kimiyyar-makiyayin da tsirarwa-halittar jini Michurina Ivana Vladimirovicha (1855-1935).

Shekara goma sha bakwai daga baya (1976) Michurinsky lambu girma da kuma fara mallaka wani yanki na 20 kadada na m ƙasar. Yau gonar yankin - game da arba'in kadada. Shi ne mai na arziki tarin lafiya iri na 'ya'yan itace da ornamental amfanin gona.

Babban manufar mai ban mamaki lambu

Modern Michurinsky lambu Timiryazev Academy (Rasha Agrarian Institute) ne ga dukan na Moscow yankin tsakiyar m kimiyya da kuma wata babbar dakin gwaje-gwaje na noma. Dukan iko daga shugabanni da ma'aikata suna nufin:

• Organization ilimi yi.
• Development of malamai na makarantar kimiyya, ta ilimi sandarsa, dalibai da kuma digiri na biyu dalibai na bincike tushe.
• Samar abu da kuma fasaha tushen da taimakon masana'antu da tattalin arziki da aiki.

Menene gandun daji?

Michurinsky lambu ƙware, yafi a cikin:

• A nazarin ya'yan itace amfanin gona lambu itatuwa (ceri plum, apple, ceri, pear, ceri, plum, apricot, da dai sauransu) a kan shtambe (part daga wata itãciya akwati daga ƙasa zuwa ta farko reshe), da kwarangwal (shtamb itacen da farko bene scaffold rassan) da kuma kronoobrazovatelyah. A sakamakon ci gaba - don inganta hardiness da kuma samar da karin alamar iri da kuma high-darajar jinsuna.
• Gwaji da kuma karatu na iri da kuma hybrids na apple, Quince vulgare, pears, ash, plum, ceri da ceri itatuwa, plum, apricot, peach da kuma irin goro itace, almond Terry, edible chestnut, Mulberry, daji wardi.
• Inganta sababbin hanyoyi da kuma hanyoyi don samun iri da kuma hybrids (kiwo selection) pear, apricot, plum, ceri. Manufar ne kawar da mafi hunturu Hardy, m breeds da cewa su ne 'ya'yan itãcen kyau kwarai quality.
• Comparative nazarin rootstocks da Dwarf silnoroslyh pears da apples a yanayi daban-daban (a cikin gandun daji da kuma aikin lambu).
• Nazarin da tasiri na bazara da kafa na matasa shuke-shuke a cikin gandun daji a accelerating fruiting shuke-shuke.

Abin da na samar da gandun daji?

Bugu da kari ga kimiyya da bincike da kuma kiwo, Michurinsky lambu yayi wani iri-iri ayyuka da cewa ba su iyakance zuwa:

• Ganewa da seedlings na da yawa irin berries, 'ya'yan itace da ornamental amfanin gona tare da wani bude (ba ganga) da kuma shãfe haske (a cikin kwantena) tushen tsarin.
• Amateur lambu shawara a kan daban-daban horticultural batutuwa (grafting, pruning kuma siffata wani karfi kambi).
• Pruning itace ya'yan itace amfanin gona.
• Ci gaba da hanyoyin kare shuke-shuke daga kwari da cututtuka daban-daban, gyara shimfidar wuri kuma aikin lambu yankunan.
• Gardening da kuma shuke-shuke rai a cikinta.

Yi Michurinsky lambu shuke-shuke fara a cikin spring, da farkon (5-10 lambobi) na Afrilu. Sayar da matasa 'ya'yan itatuwa (daya- da biyu-shekara) da kuma fruiting Berry bushes, kazalika da mafi balagagge shuke-shuke - uku da shekara bakwai.

A cikin hunturu (Janairu zuwa Maris) za a iya saya a lambu cuttings na 'ya'yan itatuwa (ceri, apple, pear, apricot, plum, ceri, plum) for grafting. Sayi za a iya za'ayi a lokacin dumi (spring, rani, kaka) kakar up zuwa frosts (marigayi Nuwamba), amma mafi girma iri-iri Michurinsky gandun daji Shi ne a farkon spring dasa kakar.

Michurinsky lambu a VVC

Lambu da aka nestled a kan karkata daga cikin All-Rasha Nunin Center, wata babbar yankin da kuma a can tun 1954. A nan, daga cikin rawanin na 'ya'yan itatuwa tsaye da wani abin tunawa ga mai talented mutum, makiyayin da kuma masanin halitta Michurinu I. V., babban mahaliccin da daban-daban irin' ya'yan itace da Berry amfanin gona.

A kowace shekara a lokacin rani a gabashin gonar lambu, a wani nuni da wuri mai faɗi zane. Ga master tarin nuna wani iri-iri na annuals, Bishiyoyi masu dogon kwana, lambu da kuma wurin shakatawa tashi iri da kuma sauran wakilan da flower mulkin.