Miliyoyi, billionaires da kuma Rasha oligarchs

Yadda yawa oligarchs a Rasha, watakila ma ma'aikatan Forbes zai zama da wuya yin lissafi: kasar ne manyan da yawan dollar miliyoyi a shi a kowace shekara kawai qara. Duk da haka, a cikin TOP mafi m mutane na Rasha Federation a cikin shekara domin saman tabo na shekara fada da wannan mutum. Saboda haka wanda ya kasance sun - Rasha billionaires?

Rasha ta oligarchs: photo, biography Vladimir Potanin

A shekarar 2015, mafi arziki mutumin a Rasha an san ta, Vladimir Potanin. A Rasha oligarchs Potanin sanya hanyar da baya a 2006: sa'an nan kasuwa ya zama na shida mutumin a cikin kasar a cikin sharuddan na jindadin. A shekara ta 2007, Shugaba "Interros" rike tashi zuwa 4th wuri. Sa'an nan kuma, 'yan shekaru rasa matsayi a cikin saman biyar arziki a kasar, yayin da a shekarar 2015 bai isa na farko wuri a cikin Forbes ranking.

Potanin a lokaci daya karatu a Moscow Jihar Confucius a Faculty of International huldar cinikaiya. A Soviet sau, nan gaba kasuwa ya memba na Sun kwaminis League, da kuma yi aiki a filin na harkokin ciniki.

A cikin 90s, kamar yadda da yawa enterprising mutane, Potanin shiga zaman kansa kasuwanci da kuma kafa daya daga cikin mafi girma a zuba jari a kamfanoni a Rasha - "Interros". A kadan daga baya, Vladimir O., aka ciyar da su mataimakin shugaban bankin "IFC" da kuma shugaban bankin "ONEXIM Bank". Godiya ga jinginar gida auctions a 1995, da "ONEXIM Bank" ya zama ma'abũcin 51 bisa dari na hannun jari "Norilsk nickel". Don kwanan wata, akwai Potanin kawai 30,3% na MMC, amma shi ya isa ga zama shekara ta 2015 arziki oligarchs a Rasha.

Mikhail Fridman

Jerin Rasha oligarchs consistently a tsawon shekaru hada da mai shi na Kamfanin "Alpha-Group" Mikhail Fridman. A shekarar 2015, Friedman ya dauki biyu wuri a cikin Forbes ranking na arziki Rasha kasuwa.

Yana duk fara da cewa a shekarar 1980, Mr. Friedman wanda bai isa sake siyarwa tikiti zuwa babbar Moscow sinimomi, kazalika da shirya discos. Sa'an nan, ya yanke shawarar kara su albashi da kuma gina m "Courier", wanda aka tsunduma a wanke windows. A shekarar 1989, Mr. Friedman koma kan sayar da daukar hoto da kuma kwamfuta kayan aiki, sa'an nan tsunduma a cikin fitarwa na man fetur. Wannan shi ne yadda kamfanin "Alfa-Group", wanda a wannan rana ciyarwa ta mahalicci.

Amma Friedman bai daina akwai, da kuma ƙarshe shiga gudanarwa na "Alfa-Bank" jirgi ya kashe a hannu afareta Life, kamfanin "Belmarket" da "BelEvroset". Kuma Friedman gudanar a samu a cikin jam'iyya ta kwamitin gudanarwa "ORT" da kuma kamfanonin mai 'SIDANCO ".

Personal Mikhail Fridman babban birnin kasar zambar dalar Amirka biliyan 14.6 a shekarar 2015.

Alisher Usmanov

Rasha oligarchs sukan tsunduma a sadaka. A wannan batun, sanannun Alisher Usmanov, wanda shekaru da yawa ya goyan bayan da Rasha tawagar kasar a rhythmic gymnastics, sayayya da kuma dawo da Rasha tarihi dabi'u, kuma ko da ya dawo Nobel samu lambar zuwa ga masu (al'amarin da Dzheysonom Uotson). A shekarar 2013, Usmanov har ya zama majiɓinci, yawan 1 tsakanin Rasha kasuwa, bisa ga Forbes.

Domin shekaru uku (2012 zuwa 2014) Usmanov gudanar da lakabi na Rasha ta fi kasuwa. Amma a shekarar 2015, aka maye gurbinsu da na farko wuri a cikin na uku, ya na sirri arziki fadi daga $ 18 biliyan 14.4.

Ya fara aiki Alisher Burhanovich tare da samar da roba bags. Yau, a kasuwa ciyar da hadarurruka a kamfanoni, irin su USM Holdings, «MegaFon», Mail.ru Group da DST Global, kazalika da "YUTV Holding". Tun da 2014, Alisher Usmanov, yana da cikakken iko a kan shahara zamantakewa cibiyar sadarwa - "VKontakte".

Viktor Vekselberg

Rasha oligarchs zo ba kawai a cikin gida martaba na m mutane, amma kuma a waje listings. Viktor Vekselberg, misali, shi ne a ranar 113th wuri a saman mafi tasiri da kuma m mutane a duniya kamar yadda na 2010. A shekarar 2015, Rasha kasuwa dauki 4 ga watan wuri cikin sharuddan alheri: sirri dukiya Vekselberg ne 14.2 dala biliyan.

Viktoru Feliksovichu babbar arziki a yarda a yi da kamfanin "Renova" kafa su. A tsawon lokaci, kamfanin ya girma a cikin wani babban kasuwanci kungiyar, wanda ke da mallakar hannun jari a UC Kamfanin Rusal Enterprises, "Hadakar Energy Systems", "Rasha kabilu da Systems" kuma da yawa wasu. Vekselberg kuma mallaki hannun jari a cikin da dama Swiss kamfanonin, ga misali, da Oerlikon da Sulzer.

Vekselberg likes ce a cikin wata hira da cewa kudi ba kawai wuya ga yin, amma kuma da wuya su yadda ya kamata amfani da su. Ba da zaman lafiyar na samun kudin shiga ga dan kasuwa, to ya kamata ware su kudi shi ne iya.

Alexey Mordashov

Alexei Mordashov, wanda yana dauke da m owner of JSC "Severstal" a shekara ta 2011, na biyu kawai ga arziki kasuwa na kasar. Duk da haka, da Rasha oligarchs tura da kasuwa a cikin jerin, da kuma a 2015 ya dauki kawai na biyar wuri tare da sirri arziki na dala biliyan 13.

Ya fara aiki Mordashov a Cherepovets Karfe Mill. Bayan wani lokaci kasuwa ya sayi duk hannun jari na CMP kuma duk ribar daga sayar da karafa da West sanya shi a cikin aljihunsa. A ranar, da dan kasuwa 79% na kamfanin "Severstal", 88% - Nord Gold da kuma 100% - kamfanin "Power inji".

Vagit Alekperov

Vagit Alekperov a 2006 yana da sirri dũkiyar 12.7 biliyan rubles kuma dauki na biyu wuri a cikin Forbes ranking na arziki Rasha kasuwa. Tun daga nan, kadan ya canza: Alekperov yana da duk wannan babban birnin kasar, amma ya ragu zuwa kashi shida matsayi a cikin jerin.

Da kasuwanci aiki Vagit Yusufovich fara a shekarun 1980s, ya hau kan Shugaba "Kogalymneftegas". Bar masana'antun man fetur bayan rushewar Tarayyar Soviet ba zama] an kasuwa da kuma kafa kungiyar "Langepasuraikogalymneft". Don kwanan wata, Vagit Alekperov, yana da 22,7% na hannun jari na "Lukoil", sai su yi magana, ba la'ana.

Billionaires ba kawai wadãtar, amma, wani lokaci ma tafi fatara. A kowace shekara, a jerin kira "tsohon Rasha oligarchs" updated tare da sabon fuskoki. Daga cikin su akwai irin wannan mutum, a matsayin ma'aikacin banki Sergei Pugachev, Mikhail Khodorkovsky. Wasu fatara billionaires ake so ga almubazzaranci da kuma appropriation na dukiya. Sun yi hijira a kasashen waje Sue a Turai kotun da kuma kokarin kare sunansa a cikin latsa, iƙirarin cewa duk da matsaloli ne ya zargi Rasha hukumomi.

Business da siyasa sun ko da yaushe aka lauye, akwai ko da yaushe a boye da kuma a bayyane yake yan adawa a wadannan yankunan. Kowane kare ta bukatun da duk yiwu wajen. Saboda haka, real gaskiya, watakila, ba wanda zai sani.