Museum "Kronstadt sansanin soja" St. Petersburg: description, Siffar, tarihi da kuma ban sha'awa facts

A 1723, da umarnin Bitrus I kusa St. Petersburg, a kan Kotlin Island, da sansanin soja da aka sa shi. Ta aikin da ya ɓullo da wani soja m AP Hannibal (France). Yana da aka shirya cewa ginin zai adadin zuwa dama gagarumin sõyayya da dutse ramparts.

birni Kronstadt

Wannan almara birni ne dake kan tsibirin Kotlin da kewaye kananan tsibiran na Gulf of Finland. Shi ne kadai Municipality na Kronstadt gundumar na St. Petersburg. A birnin na yawan ne fiye da arba'in da uku da dubu mazaunan.

Na dogon lokaci (har zuwa 1995) da birnin da aka rufe. A shekarar 1996, gwamnatin kasar, an yanke shawarar a kan free shigarwa nan Rasha jama'a, kazalika da kasashen waje baƙi. Af, yawon bude ido da son zuwa ziyarci wannan wuri. Lalle ne, wannan karamin birni yana da yawa jan hankali - majami'u da kuma Cathedrals, gidajen tarihi da kuma sculptures, Monuments zuwa shahararrun mutane.

Dole ne in ce cewa birnin Ibada - shi ne ba kawai wani wurin bauta, su ne waliyyan invaluable sauran kaya game da tarihin Rasha jiragen ruwa. Mutane da yawa yawon bude ido suna janyo hankalin ta gari ta gidajen tarihi. Sun ci gaba a kanta amsa kuwwar baya kwana. Daya daga cikin shahararrun daga gare su a cikin kasar - da Museum "Krondshtadskaya kagara." A da shi za mu gaya more yau.

Kronstadt sansanin soja tarihi

A cikin kaka na 1724 Admiral P. I. Sivers jagoranci aiki a kan gina kagara. A yammacin ɓangare na shida gagarumin cewa an mai suna girmama na Transfiguration, Butyrskaya, Semenov, Ingrian, Marine da Lefortovo regiments aka gina. Ƙasa ga embankments, wanda aka za'ayi aikin gine-gine a kan babban yankin cirewa da hannu. Muka ɗauka a kan tushe sikelin USAID aiki. bangon, sanya gun da aka gina, da hasumiya gina barikin, da dai sauransu A gabashin ɓangare na sansanin soja da aka shirya ya kafa biyu gagarumin, da kuma a arewacin - .. hudu.

Karkashin Bitrus I, wannan shirin da aka ba a aiwatar, da Bitrus II ya Sauki kagara. A 1732, wani karfi hadari halakar da tabbatarwa daga yammacin ɓangare. Dawo da lalace kashi Tsarin da shekaru da dama. Aikin gine-gine a arewacin sansanin soja da aka kammala a 1734-th. Kronstadt sansanin soja ya kasance yana isar fama shiri saboda m barazanar da Swedes. War tare da Faransa a 1805 da kuma 1806 na Turkey nuna bukatar karfafa ganuwar. Wannan ya yi domin Kronstadt sansanin soja iya tsayayya da wani bude wuta.

Bayan nasara a kan Faransa a 1812, sa'an nan ya fara wani m rayuwa. Duk da haka, da m mãsu alãma daga cikin abubuwa sanya wa a kai a kai sabunta katako kufaifan cewa kare da castle. Kronstadt a 1824 aka hõre yankunan da ambaliyar ruwa. A sakamakon da aka tsanani lalacewar da gun yaki da aka halakar da kufaifan, wanke tafi wasu daga cikin gine-gine.

Kronstadt sansanin soja da aka mayar da fiye da shekaru shida. Yana da aka gaba daya sāke gina shinge. Biyu barikin da a haɗe dutse polubashnyami bayyana a yammacin ɓangare. Uku mafi polubashni (single-mataki) da aka gina a kan arewa. Ga hudu tsaron gida barikin aka sanye take. A gefen gabas, aka gina wani m sansanin soja bango da maginin babbar katanga. A farkon karni XIX sojojin kunshi fiye da dubu goma sha bakwai da sojoji, da kuma aka ƙara zuwa dubu talatin kujerun bayan maimaitawa barikin Asusun.

castle a yau

A cikin shekaru da mafi m yaki a tarihin dan Adam a Kronstadt kama farkon wata hanya da za ta hada da kewaye Birnin Leningrad, tare da kasar. Yau, ragowar da kufaifan na cewa lokaci ne a hankali kiyaye su. Yau Kronstadt sansanin soja ganuwar a kan halinsu nautical makaranta na Navy (tsaron gida barikin), da Marine yar jam'iyyar kadet Corps. Sauran barikin an ayi Navy sabis. M dam, baturi No. 1-7, polubashni №1-3, №1-5 tsaron gida barikin ne tarihi da kuma gine-gine da Monuments cewa an kiyaye shi ta jihar.

Kamar yadda gidan kayan gargajiya zo daga?

A farkon Oktoba 1953 lãbãri kishin tarihi na almara birni da aka bude a kan tushen da Nautical Club. Tun jariri Museum. A farkon shekarar 1973 da ta zama wani reshe na Jamhuriyar Maritime Museum of birnin. Bangare na daukan hotuna bayan da wata wuta a cikin Sea Club an dan lokaci ƙaura ginin Sojan Ruwa Cathedral. Ba dole ne a ce wannan nuni na janyo hankalin mai girma amfani mazauna da kuma baƙi. Museum "Kronstadt sansanin soja" (St. Petersburg) ya bude kofofin ta ga jama'a a watan Mayu 1980, a kan Hauwa'u na da Nasara Day. A yau shi ne mafi m, kuma mafi ziyarci jan hankali.

St. Petersburg. Museum "Kronstadt sansanin soja": description

Da farko ya kamata a lura da cewa wannan na musamman gidan kayan gargajiya da aka halitta da gudummawar da 'yan asalin mazaunan birnin. Sun nuna wani ban mamaki da sha'awa a rike da perpetuating tarihin Kronstadt. Local bayar da tsohuwar iyali abubuwa, da tarihi takardun, hotuna, kiyaye a cikin iyali archives kamar tsada sauran kaya.

Yau, da Museum "Kronstadt sansanin soja" St. Petersburg yana da musamman tarin asusu, tare da fiye da dubu bakwai da farfado. Ya kunshi bakwai da dakuna da duka yanki na kusan ɗari shida da murabba'in mita, wanda yana da farfado da cewa daidai da tarihi na birnin da kuma na Baltic jiragen ruwa. Bugu da kari, akwai biyu dioramas, wanda sosai daidai misalta biyu mafi muhimmanci soja events.

Dioramas

Daya daga cikin su ya gaya na da shan kashi na Swedish sojoji a 1705 a tsibirin Kotlin. A cikin cibiyar za ka iya ganin regimental shugabannin Rasha sojojin: Gamontova da Mikeshina da Kanar Tolbukhina. Don dama ne a tare mahara, kuma shi ne expiring sojoji tare da jini. A baya aka gani cikin ja flag, wanda sakonni farkon tashin. Na biyu diorama tana nufin abubuwan da suka faru na 1941, lokacin da Kronstadt heroically abũtar su ba daga invaders.

daukan hotuna

Dukan tarin daga cikin gidan kayan gargajiya za a iya raba hudu tarihi, saukarwa. Daya daga cikin su ya gaya labarin da kafa birnin da zama kafin Oktoba juyin juya halin. A kashi na biyu na gaya game da abubuwan da suka faru da suke da dangantaka da da zamani daga 1917 zuwa 1939. A wannan lokaci akwai daya daga cikin manyan tawayen a cikin tarihi na Rasha, wanda ya faru a karkashin taken "Power ga Soviets, ba jam'iyyun." A sakamakon haka, azãbar sha wahala ba kawai 'yan tawaye amma kuma kusan dukan mazaunan birnin. Game da dubu biyu mutane da aka harba. Shida mafi dubban mazauna an yanke masa hukumcin kurkuku. A 1922, mazauna fara a kan tilas fitar da su daga ƙasar haihuwarmu. A ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar da duk wadanda ke fama da wannan bala'i halitta kabari, wanda shi ne ko da yaushe har abada harshen wuta konewa.

Masu ziyara iya sa'an nan kuma gano wadannan tarihi lokaci, rufe watakila mafi munin lokaci a cikin zamani tarihin kasarmu - Great Patriotic War. A lokacin da dakarun na Jamus Air Force Luftwaffe (1941), birnin da aka kusan razed a kasa. Suna sunk jiragen ruwa da yawa, bamai gidaje, halaka su da Marine Yard. Kewaye da Nazi sojojin birni ya zauna ba tare da abinci. Ta hanyar Kronstadt a lokacin yaki ya dauki "Kananan hanyar rayuwa", wanda nasaba da shi tare da fox hanci da Orienbaumom.

Wani tarihi mataki nuna zamani rai na almara birni, kazalika da labarin da ya dawo bayan da yaki. Daga cikin mafi muhimmanci da guda a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya ya kamata a lura jerin gwanon kirji Decembrist kuma marubuci DI Zavalishin, wani ɓaɓɓake daga wandararre cewa an kiyaye su daga XIX karni, da kawo nesa kusa mallakar Admiral M. P. Lazarevu, musamman photo album na sojan ruwa da tashar jiragen ruwa na Kronstadt.

Yau, da gidan kayan gargajiya yana da wani ban sha'awa nuni "History of shipwrecks." Ga za ka iya samun abubuwa da cewa an tashe tare da shipwrecks a lokuta daban-daban a cikin Gulf.

ban sha'awa facts

Tsakanin kagarar Kronstadt nawa-manyan bindigogi matsayi aka gina shi a cikin 1854 (da daya kawai a lokacin a duniya). Sahaban tuna cewa saboda kasancewarsu, ta tsoron bambamce tafi da makiya jiragen ruwa. Sõraye a shekarar 1990 suke kunshe a cikin St. Petersburg World Heritage Site. A kan ƙasa na Fort Alexander na da Constantine a cikin nineties na fara bikin "Fort Dance", wanda dade 9 shekaru.

Yadda za a samu ga gidan kayan gargajiya?

Idan ka shawarta zaka ziyarci gidan kayan gargajiya "Kronstadt sansanin soja", ya zama dole ka san adireshin: Anga yankin, gidan yawan 2. A nan a St. Petersburg ( "Tsohon Village" Metro tashar) za ta kai ka ga jan hankali na bas yawan 101. Daga cikin "Black River", za ka iya amfani da taxi lambar 405, amma daga "Prospect na haske" ku dovezot jama'a harkokin sufuri a karkashin lambar 407. a lokacin rani da gidan kayan gargajiya za a iya isa ta jirgin kasa zuwa daga Baltic Railway tashar. Ya kamata ka shigar da "Oranienbaum" tashar, sannan ya dauki wani jirgin fito ko wani meteor, wanda ya tafi daga Makarov Embankment.