Nature na Hokkaido. A tsibirin na Japan, Hokkaido: description, jan hankali, tarihi da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Hokkaido - daya daga cikin tsibiran na Japan jihar. Its fasali da kuma jan hankali, ganin daga baya a cikin wannan labarin.

A tsibirin na Japan

Japan - mai ban kasa, wanda gaba daya kewaye da tekun Pacific. A Japan tarin tsiburai kunshi 6852 tsibirin. The most ne Shikoku, Honshu, Kyushu, Hokkaido. Japan tsibirin jihohin da kyau-ɓullo da kayayyakin more rayuwa, bauta a matsayin cikakken-yankin raka'a. Sadarwa da babban yankin ne da goyan bayan Maritime kai da jirgin sama.

Honshu da Hokkaido su ne mafi girma a kasar Japan. Honshu, bautarka game da wani uku na daukacin kasar. Yana yana da yawa muhimmanci batutuwa, kamar Japan babban birnin na Tokyo, da kuma girman kai da alama jihar - Dutsen Fuji. Kyushu ne na uku a cikin size, akwai wani zato cewa a kan wannan tsibirin da akwai Japan wayewa. A nan ne m birnin Nagasaki, wanda a halin yanzu located Aminci Park.

Wasu tsibirin suna da alaka da wani jirgin rami, Honshu da Shikoku haɗu da tsarin gadoji. Maritime sarari, wanda aka located tsakanin tsibirin na jihar, ya kira wani m teku da wani yanki daga game da 18,000 murabba'in kilomita.

Hokkaido (Japan): Description

A yankin, wanda shi ne 83 400 sq. km, shi ne na biyu a cikin jihar. Its yawan - game da miliyan 5.5 mazaunan. Japan tsibirin Hokkaido ne northernmost na hudu mafi girma a tsibirin, a jihar. Daga Honshu ya rabu da Tsugaru mashigar.

A dukan ƙasar ne zuwa kashi 14 gundumomi. Hokkaido ne karkashin iko da dama m tsibiran, misali, Rishiri Island, Rebun da sauransu. A tsibirin akwai tara manyan birane: Sapporo, Hakodate, Kushiro, Asahikawa, ebetsu, Otaru, Tomakomai, Obihiro da Kitami. Sapporo ne administrative cibiyar, shi ne gida game da 30% na yawan na Hokkaido. Tsibirin ne 39 kolejoji da jami'o'i 37.

Hokkaido ne a rare makõma ga yawon bude ido. More sau da yawa fiye da ba shi samun da Ferry ko jirgin sama, da sauran tsibiran da ta haɗa kawai zuwa jihar Railway rami, wadda take kaiwa a mike zuwa tsibirin Honshu. A rami a karkashin sunan "Seikan" is located a zurfin 240 mita.

Tarihi na Hokkaido

A farko ƙauyuka bayyana wani 20 shekara dubu da suka wuce a Hokkaido. A tsibirin na tsakiyar ɓangare na Japan ya bambanta muhimmanci daga arewa, inda aka located. Kan rayuwa da kuma hadisai na daya al'adu na dogon lokaci samu wani ci gaba a cikin sauran. Irin wannan ci gaba da aka lura a cikin al'adun satsumon al'ada, wanda aka canza post-dzomonskoy. An dauke da farko Jomon al'ada fito a Hokkaido. A kan tushen da satsumon al'ada a cikin 13th karni akwai al'adun da Ainu har yanzu wanzu.

A tsakiyar zamanai tsibirin zo da Japan. Clashing da Ainu, suka zauna kudancin ƙasar. A 17th karni, da Japan halitta mai mulkin gargajiya sarauta, wanda ya tsayar da iko a kan tsibirin duka, kuma ba nasara har ƙarshen Ainu.

A cikin XIX karni halitta Hokkaido Office, wanda ya yi aikin ayyuka na jama'a iko. A tsibirin an gudanar da gagarumin aiki don inganta kayayyakin more rayuwa. Gina hanyar jirgin kasa da kuma tashoshin jiragen ruwa da aka fi samun kai tsarin tsakanin Hokkaido da Honshu. Akwai karfe, sawmills, takarda Mills, noma tasowa. Tun daga nan, da masana'antu ne daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci sassa na tsibirin.

Hokkaido yanayin kasa

Japan ta tsibiran ne yafi na volcanic asalin, Hokkaido - shi ne ba togiya. A yankin tsibirin da ake kafa ta ophiolites da sedimentary-volcanic kankara. A wani ɓangare na Arewa baki ne Tekun Okhotsk. Tsibirin da ake ma wanke a bakin Tekun Japan da kuma tekun Pacific. A kudu na Hokkaido Oshima Larabawa da aka gabatar. A wannan tsibirin akwai kawai biyu matsananci maki na kasar: a arewa ne Cape Soya, kuma a gabas - kabido nosappu-Salem.

A ƙasa ne mountainous da kuma bayyana a lokaci guda. Fadin tsakiyar ɓangare na mikewa volcanoes kuma duwãtsu. Tsibirin da ake fama da girgizar kasa aiki, da kuma wasu volcanoes an dauke su aiki (coma, Usu, Tokat, Tarume, Mezakan). Asahi ne girma ganiya. Dutse a kan tsibirin Hokkaido kai 2290 mita tsawo. Filayen suna located kusa da bakin tekun.

sauyin yanayi

Saboda tsawon na arewa-kudu yanayin damina a Japan ya bambanta a sassa daban daban na kasar. Sanyi yanayin zafi Hokkaido daban-daban. A tsibiran a kudu maso yammacin part, a maimakon haka, suna da dumi yanayi, tun can da aka kafa a subtropical sauyin yanayi.

Hokkaido winters colder fiye da a wasu yankuna na kasar Japan, da dusar ƙanƙara ne a tsibirin har zuwa kwanaki 120 ta kakar. A wani kunya a kusa da arewacin tsibirin, snowdrifts iya isa 11 mita, da kuma kusan mita biyu kashe bakin tekun na tekun Pacific. A watan Janairu, da talakawan zafin jiki ne daga -12 zuwa -4 digiri. Cikin hunturu daga Tekun Okhotsk akwai da yawa daga rugujewa kankara floes.

Summer ne yawanci ma sanyi. A talakawan Agusta zazzabi - daga 17 zuwa 22 digiri. A lokacin bazara, yawan ruwa kwanaki a tsakiyar kai 150, yayin da a kan sauran tsibiran, wannan adadi ne yafi hakan.

Flora da fauna

Nature na Hokkaido shi ne babban dalilin yawon bude ido ziyarci shi. Duk da manyan yawan masana'antu Enterprises, gwamnatin gudanar dabi'a. Aƙalla 70% aka rufe da gandun daji. A arewacin girma conifers, suna wakilta spruce, da itacen al'ul, fir. A kudancin m-Leaved bishiyoyi. Hokkaido ne ma yadu bamboo.

A fauna ne quite bambancin. Ga shi ne mafi girma yawan ruwan kasa bears a Asiya. A tsibirin live ermine, Sable, fox. Local tabkuna ne cike da kifi, da kuma bazara ya sauka a nan da yawa tsuntsaye. Daya daga cikin mazauna yankin ne tashi kurege, da ake kira "Ezo momonga" wanda za a iya samu ne kawai a Hokkaido.

gani

Babban jan hankali na tsibirin, ba shakka, sun halitta abubuwa. Hokkaido gida a kusa da 20 na kasa, kusan-kasa Parks da kuma reserves. A tsibirin akwai wata babbar lamba na tabkuna, maɓuɓɓugan ruwan zafi da kuma picturesque duwãtsu.

A birnin Kushiro ne da na halitta shakatawa na Japan cranes, a karkashin musamman jihar kariya. Akan National Park, wanda aka located a kan gaba daga cikin lake, sanannen domin maɓuɓɓugan ruwan zafi.

A cikin gona Tomita a Furano iya tsayar mai ban mamaki kyakkyawa. Kadada dasa tare da daban-daban irin lavender. Daga Yuni zuwa Yuli, da filayen suna yi wa ado da Lilac, fari da kuma sauran launuka. Girma a nan da kuma sunflowers da poppies, kuma daffodils.

Daya daga cikin mafi mashahuri inda ake nufi a tsibirin ne Blue Lake. Daga cikin ruwa mai haske blue peep m kututturan matattu itatuwa, da samar da wani da gaske m spectacle.

Resorts da bukukuwa

Saboda da ake yin dusar ƙanƙara winters da duwãtsu, kuma a watan Nuwamba a Hokkaido ski mura bude. Sun yi aiki a Furano, Niseko, Biya. Har ila yau a tsibirin da ake shirya ban sha'awa bukukuwa. A cikin babban birni a Hokkaido a kowace shekara yana buɗewa Snow Festival. A wannan lokaci, babbar snowdrifts ne ba abu don kerawa. Game da mutane miliyan biyu daga ko'ina cikin duniya zo don gasa a cikin ikon halitta sculptures daga kankara da dusar ƙanƙara. Wani Winter Festival da aka shirya a monbetsu, shi ne ake kira "The Festival na rugujewa, kankara floes."

A riga sani a gare mu gona a kowace bazara Furano lavender Festival yana buɗewa. Kishin wannan mataki, ba shakka, da flowering wannan shuka. Duk a tsibirin daukan sanya fiye da dubu daban-daban bukukuwa da kuma bikin. Daya daga cikinsu, ta hanyar, ya yi kama Turai girbi bukukuwa, daukan wuri kawai duk a cikin tẽku ƙasar, da kuma maimakon zama mai gõdiya ga 'ya'yan girbi, da gida Saboda yanayin da karimci kama.

ƙarshe

Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu da Shikoku - mafi girma a kasar Japan tsibirin. Hokkaido ne na biyu mafi girma. An located a arewacin kasar, don haka da sauyin yanayi ne da sanyi mai tsanani da kuma fiye da a cikin sauran Japan. Duk da wannan, da tsibirin yana da musamman yanayin da ganin cewa, miliyoyin mutane zo daga sassa daban daban na duniya tamu.