Nikolai Garin-Mikhailovsky: kerawa da kuma biography

Iya karawa - wannan shi ne mai yiwuwa mafi kyau definition da hali na injiniya da kuma wani marubuci. Garin-Mikhailovsky ko da yaushe cikakken dage farawa daga, nufin abin da ya ke yi.

yara

An haife shi a 1852 a cikin wani m aristocratic iyali. Uba - cafe Antonovich Mihaylovsky a cikin yaki a lokacin harin da aka raunata kuma bayar da ga ƙarfin zuciya. Bayan ya yi ritaya, ya zaunar da su a Odessa. Farinsa Nicky godfather ya Nicholas I. uwarsa Glafira Nikolaevna wani noblewoman na Serbian asalin. Yaron ya yi girma har kyau, gaisuwa, amma sosai m da nimble a kan dutsen da kanta.

Lokaci da kuma sake ya karya mahaifinsa umarnin, wanda ƙwarai kaunace, kuma haka rashly mahaifin dauki sama da bel. A nan gaba marubuci Garin-Mikhailovsky karatu a Richelieu makaranta. Yana duk za su daga baya a iya bayyana a sassa biyu na tetralogy: "Tema ƙananan yara," da kuma "schoolboys". A kusan kowane daya daga wadannan haruffa yana da wani real samfur. Kawai shekara arba'in kammala farko sada labari Garin-Mikhailovsky "Tema ƙananan yara." Ya rubuta ayyukan da ya yi a cikin wucewa, shi za a iya ce, "a kan gwiwoyinsa", inda ya zama dole. Amma karanta, ba ka lura.

matasa

Bayan makarantar sakandare Garin-Mikhailovsky ya yanke shawarar zama lauya kuma ya tafi jami'a. Amma a shekara daga baya a so take kaiwa gare shi to Cibiyar Communications. Shi ne mai babbar nasara ga kansa da kuma ga al'umma. Daga baya, Garin-Mikhailovsky zai zama talented m-yin aiki. A halin yanzu, a Bessarabia-aiki mai aikin faratis mai kashe gobara. Amma lokacin da ya gama karatu, ya samun shugabanci to Bulgaria sa'an nan taka rawa a cikin shiri na Bandar Bagalike hanya. m prospector aiki ne sosai fascinated Nicholas G .. Bugu da kari, akwai wata mai kyau samun kudin shiga. Har ila yau a 1879, ya sosai da farin ciki ya auri Nadezhda Valerevna Charykova (suka yi goma sha yara da uku soma). A bikin aure faruwa a Odessa, da kuma da yamma horar da matasa biyu yana zuwa ya dauke wa St. Petersburg. Amma da gaisuwa da kuma m iyali Michael ta gaba daukan hours, da kuma matasa ne marigayi ga jirgin kasa da kuma barin da safe. Da kuma yadda game da wannan suna barkwanci da dariya! A St. Petersburg, takardar aiki a ma'aikatar ba na son Mikhailovsky. Saboda haka, ya yi murna da komawa zuwa yi. Gina layin dogo sashe Batoum-Samtredia. The aiki ne sosai a kawo hadari - ɓoye, a cikin gandun daji na wata ƙungiya daga 'yan fashi da kuma kai hari ma'aikata. Sa'an nan, da shi da aka canjawa wuri da kuma gudanar Baku Kocin rabo Transcaucasian railway. A karshen 1882, ganin cin hanci da rashawa, da cin hanci, ya yi murabus, ko sosai m daga cikin ayyuka na m-prospector.

Gundurovka (1883-1886)

NG Garin-Mikhailovsky sayayya dukiya a Samara lardin, inda tattalin arzikin da yake faruwa don ƙirƙirar, wanda zai taimaka tada da ake samu, yana so ya kawar da kulaks. populists ideas sun ratsa sani. Amma sau uku zo kusa da su ya Estate "ja zakara". niƙa aka hallaka, sussuka kuma yă, kuma a karshe, dukan amfanin gona. Ya aka kusan lalace da kuma yanke shawarar komawa zuwa na ayyuka na injiniya. A Gundurovke ya shafe shekaru biyu da rabi shekaru.

Engineering aiki

A 1886 ya kõma zuwa ga ƙaunataccen aiki. Da ya gudanar da bincike a kan yankin na Urals "Ufa-Zlatoust". The iyali ya rayu a lokacin a Ufa. A da farkon na Trans-Siberian Railway. Ya yi aiki a matsayin tattalin arziki, da kuma sakamakon da aka wata babbar saving - 60% na kudi ga kowane mil. Amma wannan aikin ya karya ta da yaki. A lokaci guda ya ci gaba da wallafe-wallafen aikin, ya rubuta game da wannan tarihi muqala "Option". Mikhailovsky gabatar Stanyukovicha tare da na farko surori na labari "Tema Yara", wanda a karshe fom da aka buga a 1892. Bugu da kari, alama labaru da aka buga game da kauye, wanda kuma ya samu nasara. A 1893, ya buga muqala "Journey ga Moon." Amma a zuciya da kuma a yi shi ne a Railway m.

m aiki

Ta ajiye ta a duk tsawon lokacin. Amma shi ne mai aiki na soyayya. St. Michael ya yi tafiya dukan na Siberia, Samara lardin, tafiya zuwa Korea da kuma Manchuria, gudanar da bincike da yiwuwar gini akwai. Kwaikwayo shiga muqala "A Korea, Manchuria da Liaodong Larabawa." Na ziyarci kasar Sin, Japan, kuma a karshe ya isa a Hawaii via San Francisco. Yi tafiya da jirgin kasa a fadin dukan jihohi da kuma mayar da su zuwa London, ya kore a kan hanyar zuwa Paris. A 1902 ya buga na muqala "duniya".

Famous mutane

Ya zama sosai sanannen mutumin a cikin babban birnin kasar, da kuma yadda wani matafiyi da kuma matsayin marubuci. A sakamakon haka, ya aka kira su zuwa ga Nicholas II. Ya tafiya shyly da kuma koma tare da perplexity. Tambayoyi tambaye ta da Sarkin sarakuna, sun sauki da kuma saukin ganewa, da ya yi magana game da iyaka tunani na tambayar.

wallafe-wallafen rai

Ya rayayye yi aiki tare da yawan mujallu. Riga buga da kuma "} ananan yara, da Tema" da "Schoolboys" da "Dalibai". Aiki a kan "injiniya". A yamma taron, "Manzo daga rayuwa," ya ba zato ba tsammani ya mutu. Irin wannan kaya yana da, ba su iya tsayawa da zuciya. Ya kasance 54 years old.

Ciki Nuwamba safe Petersburg tare da Garin-Mikhailovsky ta karshe tafiya a cikin Volkov hurumi. Kudi domin ba da isasshen funerals. Na yi don tattara biyan kuɗi.

littafin rai

Daga "Yara Tema" ya fara da biography na marubuci Garin. Wannan wanda aka ce masa ya dauki a madadin danta Harry. Amma duk mu kasance munã kiran marubucin Garin-Mikhailovsky. Synopsis - mai haske da kuma m spring tunanin yara. Babbar qasaita a kan karkata a manyan kudancin birnin da kuma m "hayar yadi", wanda hayar da matalauta, inda datti da kuma kura, a cikin kowa da matalauta serf yara wasanni da pranks, ya wuce da yara Tema - kome kamar gidan ubansa inda yara Nikolai Mikhailovich. Shimfiɗar jariri, da Tema Kartasheva farin ciki, amma ba yana nufin cloudless. Uba ya rashin fahimta mai tsanani cutar da m ran yaron. Wadannan kananan Tema wahala, tsoron kauri, m mahaifin amsa ga mai karatu ta rai zafi. A m da kuma daraja rai Tema uwa na son ta sume m da impressionable ɗan kuma kamar yadda shi may, Kare shi daga ubansa iyaye dabaru - tausayi flogging. Mai karatu shaidu da m m yanke hukuncin kisa da ta'addanci da cewa cika da rai daga cikin mahaifiyarsa. The yaro ya jũya a cikin wani m matasa daya. Ya fizge adam a cikin mutuncinsa. Nasarorin da kasawa na koyarwa kwarewa da kuma dacewa a cikin lokaci, da nuna Garin-Mikhailovsky ( "Tema Yara"). Executive Summary - wannan shi ne ruhun bil'adama, girmamawa ga yaro ta hali - kayan yau da kullum na demokra] iyya ilimi. Ban mamaki mutuwa na uban yaron ya kammala da yara, da kuma har abada tuna da karshe kalmomi: "Idan ka taba tafi da sarki, ni la'anta ku daga kabari."

Marubucin na tetralogy, kuma da yawa wasu ayyuka da aka mutumin da kafa mulkin demokra yarda dasu m ga Markisanci. Ya mai cike da wani haske turu ga mutane, to da kyau, to rayuwa.